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Repellency effect of Pilocarpus spicatus A. St.-Hil essential oil and nanoemulsion against Rhipicephalus microplus larvae.

Abstract：

:Rhipicephalus microplus, the cattle tick, is a major cause of economic losses in bovine production. Due to the widespread acaricidal resistance to commercially available products, as well as their toxicity and environmental impact, alternative control methods are required. Nanoformulations produced from plant extracts as bioactive substances are very promising as innovative acaricidal agents. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro repellent activity of Pilocarpus spicatus essential oil and its nanoemulsion against R. microplus, using larval repellent test (RT). The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation, using a Clevenger-type apparatus. The nanoemulsion was prepared with 5% essential oil, 5% tween 80, and 90% water, using the phase inversion method (50 mg/mL). Limonene was the major component (46.8%) of the essential oil, as determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and confirmed by flame ionization detection (GC/FID). According to the RT results, the essential oil had a repellent activity greater than 69%, from concentrations of 3.12 mg/mL (69.81 ± 10%) to 50 mg/mL (98.10 ± 0.6%), whereas the nanoemulsion at 50 mg/mL presented repellent activities of 97.14 ± 1.37% and 97.89 ± 0.52% 6 and 10 h after treatment, respectively. These values regarding to total repellency were very close to those calculated for mortality corrected by Abbott's formula. The phase inversion method preserved the chemical and physical characteristics of the essential oil since both reached an equal repellent effect at the same concentration. Therefore, P. spicatus essential oil and nanoemulsion had excellent repellent activities against R. microplus larvae, demonstrating its potential for future use as an alternative for tick control.

journal_name

Exp Parasitol

journal_title

Experimental parasitology

authors

Nogueira JAP,Figueiredo A,Duarte JL,de Almeida FB,Santos MG,Nascimento LM,Fernandes CP,Mourão SC,Toscano JHB,Rocha LM,Chagas ACS

doi

10.1016/j.exppara.2020.107919

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-08-01 00:00:00

pages

107919

eissn

0014-4894

issn

1090-2449

pii

S0014-4894(19)30259-0

journal_volume

215

pub_type

杂志文章

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Repellency effect of Pilocarpus spicatus A. St.-Hil essential oil and nanoemulsion against Rhipicephalus microplus larvae.