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Antimicrobial Efficacy of Chlorhexidine and Sodium Hypochlorite in Root Canal Disinfection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Abstract：

INTRODUCTION:We aimed to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of chlorhexidine (CHX) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2 irrigants routinely used in root canal therapy of permanent teeth. METHODS:Electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, were searched for randomized controlled trials published until March 2020. The meta-analysis of relative risk (RR) and standardized mean difference (SMD) was performed using a random effects model with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Subgroup analysis was performed for culture and molecular methods of bacterial detection. RESULTS:The literature search yielded 2110 records without duplicates. Eight studies were eligible for a systematic review. No significant differences in the incidence of samples with positive bacterial growth after irrigation (RR = 1.003; 95% CI, 0.729-1.380; P = .987) and mean bacterial number changes (SMD = 0.311; 95% CI, -0.368 to 0.991; P = .369) were observed between CHX and NaOCl in the culture and molecular subgroups. Heterogeneity in RR (I2 = 0%, P = .673) was low among studies, whereas considerable heterogeneity was observed in the analysis of SMD (I2 = 76.336%, P = .005). CONCLUSIONS:Our findings suggest that both CHX and NaOCl can reduce bacterial infections after irrigation without any significant difference in antimicrobial efficacy between them. Although CHX and NaOCl showed similar efficacy, their molecular mechanisms were different. Therefore, they can be used as the main antibacterial root canal irrigants. However, our results were limited by inconsistencies among retrieved articles and a lack of clinically relevant outcomes. Further well-designed clinical studies are warranted to supplement our results.

journal_name

J Endod

journal_title

Journal of endodontics

authors

Ruksakiet K,Hanák L,Farkas N,Hegyi P,Sadaeng W,Czumbel LM,Sang-Ngoen T,Garami A,Mikó A,Varga G,Lohinai Z

doi

10.1016/j.joen.2020.05.002

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-08-01 00:00:00

pages

1032-1041.e7

issue

eissn

0099-2399

issn

1878-3554

pii

S0099-2399(20)30308-3

journal_volume

pub_type

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Antimicrobial Efficacy of Chlorhexidine and Sodium Hypochlorite in Root Canal Disinfection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.