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Microbiological Isolates and Antibiotic Susceptibilities in Cases of Posttraumatic Endophthalmitis: A 15-Year Review.

Abstract：

Purpose:The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological spectrum and antibiotic susceptibilities of isolates in posttraumatic endophthalmitis over a 15-year period. Methods:A retrospective study of 3,163 posttraumatic endophthalmitis cases was conducted between July 2004 and July 2019. The outcome measures included the microbiological spectrum and antibiotic susceptibilities. Chi-squared tests were conducted to detect trends in changes in antibiotic sensitivity over the 15-year period. P values of <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results:Of the 3,163 cases of posttraumatic endophthalmitis, 1,003 culture-positive isolates were identified. Among these, there were 848 (84.5%) Gram-positive isolates, 109 (10.9%) Gram-negative isolates, and 46 (4.6%) fungal isolates. The most common isolates were Staphylococcal species. There was a significant increase in the percentage of fungal isolates over the 15-year period (P=0.02). Gram-positive organisms showed the greatest level of susceptibility to vancomycin (99.6%). The susceptibilities of the 109 Gram-negative isolated organisms were as follows: levofloxacin (95.8%), meropenem (95.7%), ciprofloxacin (93.5%), tobramycin (90.8%), imipenem (88.9%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) (87.7%), ertapenem (80%), and ceftazidime (79.1%). The susceptibility of Gram-positive organisms to several antibiotics, including levofloxacin (P=0.004), ciprofloxacin (P < 0.001), and chloramphenicol (P=0.001) decreased over time, whereas the susceptibility to TMP-SMX increased over time (P < 0.001). The susceptibility of Gram-negative bacilli to ceftazidime decreased over time (P=0.03). Conclusions:Over the 15-year study period, most isolates were Gram-positive cocci, especially coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS). Vancomycin seemed to be the most effective antibiotic for Gram-positive bacteria. Gram-negative bacteria appeared to be most susceptible to fluoroquinolones. A number of antibiotics showed an increasing trend of microbial resistance.

journal_name

J Ophthalmol

journal_title

Journal of ophthalmology

authors

Liu C,Ji J,Wang Z,Chen H,Cao W,Sun X

doi

10.1155/2020/5053923

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-04-29 00:00:00

pages

5053923

eissn

2090-004X

issn

2090-0058

journal_volume

2020

pub_type

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Microbiological Isolates and Antibiotic Susceptibilities in Cases of Posttraumatic Endophthalmitis: A 15-Year Review.