Estradiol-Induced Epigenetically Mediated Mechanisms and Regulation of Gene Expression.

Abstract:

:Gonadal hormone 17β-estradiol (E2) and its receptors are key regulators of gene transcription by binding to estrogen responsive elements in the genome. Besides the classical genomic action, E2 regulates gene transcription via the modification of epigenetic marks on DNA and histone proteins. Depending on the reaction partner, liganded estrogen receptor (ER) promotes DNA methylation at the promoter or enhancer regions. In addition, ERs are important regulators of passive and active DNA demethylation. Furthermore, ERs cooperating with different histone modifying enzymes and chromatin remodeling complexes alter gene transcription. In this review, we survey the basic mechanisms and interactions between estrogen receptors and DNA methylation, demethylation and histone modification processes as well as chromatin remodeling complexes. The particular relevance of these mechanisms to physiological processes in memory formation, embryonic development, spermatogenesis and aging as well as in pathophysiological changes in carcinogenesis is also discussed.

journal_name

Int J Mol Sci

authors

Kovács T,Szabó-Meleg E,Ábrahám IM

doi

10.3390/ijms21093177

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-04-30 00:00:00

issue

9

issn

1422-0067

pii

ijms21093177

journal_volume

21

pub_type

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