Abstract:
:Gonadal hormone 17β-estradiol (E2) and its receptors are key regulators of gene transcription by binding to estrogen responsive elements in the genome. Besides the classical genomic action, E2 regulates gene transcription via the modification of epigenetic marks on DNA and histone proteins. Depending on the reaction partner, liganded estrogen receptor (ER) promotes DNA methylation at the promoter or enhancer regions. In addition, ERs are important regulators of passive and active DNA demethylation. Furthermore, ERs cooperating with different histone modifying enzymes and chromatin remodeling complexes alter gene transcription. In this review, we survey the basic mechanisms and interactions between estrogen receptors and DNA methylation, demethylation and histone modification processes as well as chromatin remodeling complexes. The particular relevance of these mechanisms to physiological processes in memory formation, embryonic development, spermatogenesis and aging as well as in pathophysiological changes in carcinogenesis is also discussed.
journal_name
Int J Mol Scijournal_title
International journal of molecular sciencesauthors
Kovács T,Szabó-Meleg E,Ábrahám IMdoi
10.3390/ijms21093177subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-04-30 00:00:00issue
9issn
1422-0067pii
ijms21093177journal_volume
21pub_type
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