Abstract：
:Recently, there has been a lot of interest in the neuroimaging community in exploring fMRI time-series measures of local neuronal activity and excitation/inhibition (E/I) balance in the brain. In this preliminary study we probed the sensitivity of widely used sample entropy (SE) measure at multiple scales to controlled alteration of the brain's E/I balance in non-human primates (NHPs) with a well-characterized sub-anesthetic ketamine infusion fMRI model. We found that SE failed to detect the expected changes in E/I balance induced by ketamine. Subsequently, noticing that the complexity in the time series contributing SE could be dominated by non-neuronal noise in this experimental setting, we developed a new time-series measure called restricted sample entropy (RSE) by restricting SE estimations to regular portions of the fMRI time-series. RSE was able to adequately reflect the increased excitatory activity engendered by disinhibition of glutamergic neurons, through sub-anesthetic ketamine infusion. These results show that RSE is potentially a powerful tool for examining local neural activity, E/I balance, and alterations in brain state.
journal_name
Neurosci Lettjournal_title
Neuroscience lettersauthors
Maltbie EA,Howell LH,Sun PZ,Miller R,Gopinath KSdoi
10.1016/j.neulet.2020.134984subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-05-29 00:00:00pages
134984eissn
0304-3940issn
1872-7972pii
S0304-3940(20)30254-8journal_volume
728pub_type
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