Gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua) react to underwater sounds.

abstract：:A pleiotropic gene governs multiple traits, which might constrain the evolution of complexity due to conflicting selection on these traits. However, if the pleiotropic effect is modular, then this can facilitate synergistic responses to selection on functionally related traits, thereby leveraging the evolution of comp...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Wang S,Sokolowski MB

更新日期：2017-04-26 00:00:00

abstract：:This study uses two in situ techniques to investigate the geometry and phase change behaviour of bundled ultrathin W18O49 nanowires and WO3 nanoparticles. The in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) results have shown that the phase transition of WO3 nanoparticles occurs in sequence from monoclinic (room temperature) → orthor...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Thummavichai K,Wang N,Xu F,Rance G,Xia Y,Zhu Y

更新日期：2018-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Soil detritivores such as Collembola impact plant growth, tissue nutrient concentration and gene expression. Using a model system with pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) microcuttings that display a typical endogenous rhythmic growth with alternating shoot (SF) and root flushes (RF), we investigated the transcriptomic re...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Graf M,Bönn M,Feldhahn L,Kurth F,Grams TEE,Herrmann S,Tarkka M,Buscot F,Scheu S

更新日期：2019-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：:This study describes the 35-year progression of activities in the Pontal do Paranapanema region of São Paulo State, Brazil. These activities began as a research project on the conservation ecology of the highly endangered Black Lion Tamarin and broadened into a landscape-scale restoration and conservation project invo...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Chazdon RL,Cullen L Jr,Padua SM,Padua CV

更新日期：2020-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Facial attractiveness is often studied on the basis of the internal facial features alone. This study investigated how this exclusion of the external features affects the perception of attractiveness. We studied the effects of two most commonly used methods of exclusion, where the shape of an occluding mask was define...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Hong Liu C,Chen W

更新日期：2018-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Rhythm is an essential component of human speech and music but very little is known about its evolutionary origin and its distribution in animal vocalizations. We found a regular rhythm in three multisyllabic vocalization types (echolocation call sequences, male territorial songs and pup isolation calls) of the neotro...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Burchardt LS,Norton P,Behr O,Scharff C,Knörnschild M

更新日期：2019-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Magnetic nanospheres are versatile candidates for both fundamental and practical applications. Before they are applied in more complicated fields, their surface must be modified by several functionalities. However, the surface modification can be affected by the magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) embedded in the polymer mat...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Li K,Chen K,Wang Q,Zhang Y,Gan W

更新日期：2019-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：:How do animals in groups organize their work? Division of labour, i.e. the process by which individuals within a group choose which tasks to perform, has been extensively studied in social insects. Variability among individuals within a colony seems to underpin both the decision over which tasks to perform and the amo...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Doran C,Stumpe MC,Sendova-Franks A,Franks NR

更新日期：2016-01-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitrogen is cycled throughout ecosystems by a suite of biogeochemical processes. The high complexity of the nitrogen cycle resides in an intricate interplay between reversible biochemical pathways alternatively and specifically activated in response to diverse environmental cues. Despite aggressive research, how the f...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Lamba S,Bera S,Rashid M,Medvinsky AB,Sun GQ,Acquisti C,Chakraborty A,Li BL

更新日期：2017-01-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Skeletal muscle bulges when it contracts. These three-dimensional (3D) dynamic shape changes play an important role in muscle performance by altering the range of fascicle velocities over which a muscle operates. However traditional muscle models are one-dimensional (1D) and cannot fully explain in vivo shape changes....

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Dick TJM,Wakeling JM

更新日期：2018-05-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Freshwater green algae Chlorella vulgaris was selected as an adsorbent, and a simple, rapid, economical and environmentally friendly method for the detection of heavy metal Cd in water samples based on preconcentration with C. vulgaris combined with energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometry was propose...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Gan T,Zhao N,Yin G,Chen M,Wang X,Hua H

更新日期：2020-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Heteroepitaxial growth of aluminum nitride (AIN) has been explored by experiments, but the corresponding growth mechanism is still unrevealed. Here, we use molecular dynamics simulations to study effects of temperature and N : Al flux ratio on deposited AlN. When the temperature increases from 1000 K to 2000 K with an...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Zhang L,Yan H,Zhu G,Liu S,Gan Z

更新日期：2018-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Enzyme immobilization is one of the most important techniques for industrial applications. It makes the immobilized enzyme more stable and advantageous than the free form in different aspects. α-Amylase was immobilized on 4% cyanuric chloride-activated amidoximated acrylic fabric at pH 7.0 with (79%) maximum efficienc...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Almulaiky YQ,Aqlan FM,Aldhahri M,Baeshen M,Khan TJ,Khan KA,Afifi M,Al-Farga A,Warsi MK,Alkhaled M,Alayafi AAM

更新日期：2018-11-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite a diversity of about 10 000 extant species, the sophisticated avian 'body plan' has not much changed once it was achieved around 160 Ma after the origin of powered flight. All birds are bipedal having wings, a rigid trunk, a short and ossified tail, a three-segmented leg and digitigrade feet. The avian neck, h...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Böhmer C,Plateau O,Cornette R,Abourachid A

更新日期：2019-05-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Pleurodires or side-necked turtles are today restricted to freshwater environments of South America, Africa-Madagascar and Australia, but in the past they were distributed much more broadly, being found also on Eurasia, India and North America, and marine environments. Two hypotheses were proposed to explain this dist...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Ferreira GS,Bronzati M,Langer MC,Sterli J

更新日期：2018-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The question of how we attribute observed body parts as our own, and the consequences of this attribution on our sensory-motor processes, is fundamental to understand how our brain distinguishes between self and other. Previous studies have identified interactions between the illusion of ownership, and multi-sensory i...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Aymerich-Franch L,Petit D,Kheddar A,Ganesh G

更新日期：2016-08-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The challenge of cell division is to distribute partner chromosomes (pairs of homologues, pairs of sex chromosomes or pairs of sister chromatids) correctly, one into each daughter cell. In the 'standard' meiosis, this problem is solved by linking partners together via a chiasma and/or sister chromatid cohesion, and th...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Brady M,Paliulis LV

更新日期：2015-02-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Many scientists communicate with the public about risks associated with scientific issues, but such communication may have unintended consequences for how the public views the political orientations and the credibility of the communicating scientist. We explore this possibility using an experiment with a nationally re...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Vraga E,Myers T,Kotcher J,Beall L,Maibach E

更新日期：2018-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Racing pigeons are exposed to and act as carriers of diseases. Dietary protein requirement for their maintenance has not been determined experimentally despite their being domesticated for over 7000 years. A maintenance nitrogen (protein) requirement (MNR) for pigeons was determined in a balance study using diets cont...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Mabuchi Y,Frankel TL

更新日期：2016-03-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Lignocellulosic bioethanol production results in huge amounts of stillage, a potentially polluting by-product. Stillage, rich in heavy metals and, mainly, inhibitors, requires specific toxicity studies to be adequately managed. To this purpose, we applied an FTIR ecotoxicological bioassay to evaluate the toxicity of l...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Roscini L,Favaro L,Corte L,Cagnin L,Colabella C,Basaglia M,Cardinali G,Casella S

更新日期：2019-01-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Humans regularly cooperate with non-kin, which has been theorized to require reciprocity between repeatedly interacting and trusting individuals. However, the role of repeated interactions has not previously been demonstrated in explaining real-world patterns of hunter-gatherer cooperation. Here we explore cooperation...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Smith D,Dyble M,Thompson J,Major K,Page AE,Chaudhary N,Salali GD,Vinicius L,Migliano AB,Mace R

更新日期：2016-07-13 00:00:00

abstract：:In the name of meritocracy, modern economies devote increasing amounts of resources to quantifying and ranking the performance of individuals and organizations. Rankings send out powerful signals, which lead to identifying the actions of top performers as the 'best practices' that others should also adopt. However, se...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Livan G

更新日期：2019-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Feedback is typically incorporated in word learning paradigms, in both research studies and commercial language learning apps. While the common-sense view is that feedback is helpful during learning, relatively little empirical evidence exists about the role of feedback in spoken vocabulary learning. Some work has sug...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Krishnan S,Sellars E,Wood H,Bishop DVM,Watkins KE

更新日期：2018-09-05 00:00:00

abstract：:When addressing their young infants, parents systematically modify their speech. Such infant-directed speech (IDS) contains exaggerated vowel formants, which have been proposed to foster language development via articulation of more distinct speech sounds. Here, this assumption is rigorously tested using both acoustic...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Kalashnikova M,Carignan C,Burnham D

更新日期：2017-08-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The evolution of spoken languages has been studied since the mid-nineteenth century using traditional historical comparative methods and, more recently, computational phylogenetic methods. By contrast, evolutionary processes resulting in the diversity of contemporary sign languages (SLs) have received much less attent...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Power JM,Grimm GW,List JM

更新日期：2020-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanical properties of any substance are essential facts to understand its behaviour and make the maximum use of the particular substance. Rocks are indeed an important substance, as they are of significant use in the energy industry, specifically for fossil fuels and geothermal energy. Attenuation of seismic wa...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Wanniarachchi WAM,Ranjith PG,Perera MSA,Rathnaweera TD,Lyu Q,Mahanta B

更新日期：2017-10-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The analysis of binary response data commonly uses models linear in the logistic transform of probabilities. This paper considers some of the advantages and disadvantages of simple least-squares estimates based on a linear representation of the probabilities themselves, this in particular sometimes allowing a more dir...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Battey HS,Cox DR,Jackson MV

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Flounder change colour and pattern for camouflage. We used a spectrometer to measure reflectance spectra and a digital camera to capture body patterns of two flounder species camouflaged on four natural backgrounds of different spatial scale (sand, small gravel, large gravel and rocks). We quantified the degree of spe...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Akkaynak D,Siemann LA,Barbosa A,Mäthger LM

更新日期：2017-03-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The Sirius Passet Lagerstätte of North Greenland contains the first exceptionally preserved mat-ground community of the Cambrian, dominated, in terms of abundance, by trilobites but particularly characterized by iconic arthropods and lobopods, some also occurring in the Burgess shale. High-resolution photography, scan...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Strang KM,Armstrong HA,Harper DA

更新日期：2016-11-16 00:00:00

abstract：:A novel alkyl lithium-based initiator with relatively large steric hindrance, tert-butyldimethylsiloxydimethylpropyl lithium (TBDMSODPrLi), was designed and synthesized. By using TBDMSODPrLi, hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) was prepared via anionic polymerization. The macromolecular structure of HTPB was char...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Min X,Fan X,Liu J

更新日期：2018-05-30 00:00:00