Abstract:
:Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, is a group 1 carcinogen that introduces mutagenic DNA adducts into the genome. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of silymarin in the reduction of DNA adduct formation by B[a]P-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE), induced by B[a]P. B[a]P exhibited toxicity in HepG2 cells, whereas co-treatment of the cells with B[a]P and silymarin reduced the formation of BPDE-DNA adducts, thereby increasing cell viability. Determination of the level of major B[a]P metabolites in the treated cells showed that BPDE levels were reduced by silymarin. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and pregnane X receptor (PXR) were found to be involved in the activation of detoxifying genes against B[a]P-mediated toxicity. Silymarin did not increase the expression of these major transcription factors, but greatly facilitated their nuclear translocation. In this manner, treatment of HepG2 cells with silymarin modulated detoxification enzymes through NRF2 and PXR to eliminate B[a]P metabolites. Knockdown of Nrf2 abolished the preventive effect of silymarin on BPDE-DNA adduct formation, indicating that activation of the Nrf2 pathway plays a key role in preventing B[a]P-induced genotoxicity. Our results suggest that silymarin has anti-genotoxic effects, as it prevents BPDE-DNA adduct formation by modulating the Nrf2 and PXR signaling pathways.
journal_name
Int J Mol Scijournal_title
International journal of molecular sciencesauthors
Jee SC,Kim M,Sung JSdoi
10.3390/ijms21072369subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-03-30 00:00:00issue
7issn
1422-0067pii
ijms21072369journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Articular cartilage (AC) is an avascular tissue composed of scattered chondrocytes embedded in a dense extracellular matrix, in which nourishment takes place via the synovial fluid at the surface. AC has a limited intrinsic healing capacity, and thus mainly surgical techniques have been used to relieve pain and improv...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms21218249
更新日期:2020-11-04 00:00:00
abstract::The WRKY transcription factor superfamily is known to participate in plant growth and stress response. However, the role of this family in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is largely unknown. Here, a salt-induced gene TaWRKY13 was identified in an RNA-Seq data set from salt-treated wheat. The results of RT-qPCR analysis s...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms20225712
更新日期:2019-11-14 00:00:00
abstract::In this issue, we are pleased and honored to have an interview with Professor Martin Pichler, who is the Collection Editor for the International Journal of Molecular Sciences Topical Collection of "Regulation by Non-Coding RNAs" [1].[...]. ...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 社论,面试
doi:10.3390/ijms17040605
更新日期:2016-04-21 00:00:00
abstract::Cultured human primary cells have a limited lifespan undergoing dedifferentiation or senescence. Anterior cruciate ligaments (ACL) are hypocellular but tissue engineering (TE) requires high cell numbers. Simian virus (SV) 40 tumor (T) antigen expression could extend the lifespan of cells. This study aimed to identify ...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms21020593
更新日期:2020-01-16 00:00:00
abstract::The HGF/c-MET pathway is active in the development of digestive system cancers, indicating that inhibition of HGF/c-MET signaling may have therapeutic potential. Various HGF/c-MET signaling inhibitors, mainly c-MET inhibitors, have been tested in clinical trials. The observed efficacy and adverse events of some c-MET ...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms19113295
更新日期:2018-10-23 00:00:00
abstract::As toxic substances can enter the circulating blood and cross endothelial monolayers to reach parenchymal cells in organs, vascular endothelial cells are an important target compartment for such substances. Reactive sulfur species protect cells against oxidative stress and toxic substances, including heavy metals. Rea...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms21176053
更新日期:2020-08-22 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanisms behind the radiation-sensitising effects of the antennapedia proteins (ANTP)-smacN7 fusion protein on tumour cells. ANTP-SmacN7 fusion proteins were synthesised, and the ability of this fusion protein to penetrate cells was observed. Effects of r...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms141224087
更新日期:2013-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::Biotic stresses do damage to the growth and development of plants, and yield losses for some crops. Confronted with microbial infections, plants have evolved multiple defense mechanisms, which play important roles in the never-ending molecular arms race of plant⁻pathogen interactions. The complicated defense systems i...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms20020335
更新日期:2019-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Kidney-yang deficiency syndrome (KYDS) is a metabolic disease caused by a neuro-endocrine disorder. The You-gui pill (YGP) is a classic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula for the treatment of KYDS and has been widely used to warm and recuperate KYDS clinically for hundreds of years in China. However, it is unk...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms20153655
更新日期:2019-07-26 00:00:00
abstract::The protozoan Trypanosoma brucei, responsible for animal and human trypanosomiasis, has a family of major surface proteases (MSPs) and phospholipase-C (PLC), both involved in some mechanisms of virulence during mammalian infections. During parasitism in the mammalian host, this protozoan is exclusively extracellular a...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms20061484
更新日期:2019-03-25 00:00:00
abstract::In inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), the therapeutic benefit and mucosal healing from specific probiotics may relate to the modulation of dendritic cells (DCs). Herein, we assessed the immunomodulatory effects of four probiotic strains including Lactobacillus salivarius, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bacillus coagulans an...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms21176266
更新日期:2020-08-29 00:00:00
abstract::Paracrine factors can induce cardiac regeneration and repair post myocardial infarction by stimulating proliferation of cardiac cells and inducing the anti-fibrotic, antiapoptotic, and immunomodulatory effects of angiogenesis. Here, we screened a human secretome library, consisting of 923 growth factors, cytokines, an...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms20236037
更新日期:2019-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::The design, construction and initial tests on a combined laser light scattering and synchrotron X-ray scattering instrument can cover studies of length scales from atomic sizes in Angstroms to microns and dynamics from microseconds to seconds are presented. In addition to static light scattering (SLS), dynamic light s...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms160510016
更新日期:2015-05-04 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy (particularly macroautophagy) is a bulk degradation process used by eukaryotic cells in order to maintain adequate energy levels and cellular homeostasis through the delivery of long-lived proteins and organelles to the lysosome, resulting in their degradation. It is becoming increasingly clear that many of ...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms20163916
更新日期:2019-08-12 00:00:00
abstract::Metformin use in pregnancy is increasing worldwide as randomised controlled trial (RCT) evidence is emerging demonstrating its safety and efficacy. The Metformin in Gestational Diabetes (MiG) RCT changed practice in many countries demonstrating that metformin had similar pregnancy outcomes to insulin therapy with less...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms19071954
更新日期:2018-07-04 00:00:00
abstract::Invasive species represent an increasing threat to native ecosystems, harming indigenous taxa through predation, habitat modification, cross-species hybridization and alteration of ecosystem processes. Additionally, high economic costs are associated with environmental damage, restoration and control measures. The Bur...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms14034793
更新日期:2013-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::This study was undertaken to test two therapies for acute kidney injury (AKI) prevention, IGF-1, which is renal protective, and BTP-2, which is a calcium entry (SOCE) inhibitor. We utilized lipopolysaccharide (LPS) IP, as a systemic model of AKI and studied in five groups of animals. Three experiments showed that at 7...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms21114095
更新日期:2020-06-08 00:00:00
abstract::Polyglutamine diseases, including Huntington's disease and a number of spinocerebellar ataxias, are caused by expanded CAG repeats that are located in translated sequences of individual, functionally-unrelated genes. Only mutant proteins containing polyglutamine expansions have long been thought to be pathogenic, but ...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms160818741
更新日期:2015-08-11 00:00:00
abstract::The identification of biomarkers for early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is of pivotal importance for improving approaches for clinical intervention. The use of translatable animal models of pre-motor PD therefore offers optimal opportunities for novel biomarker discovery in vivo. Peptidylarginine deiminases (...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms21082743
更新日期:2020-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::The activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) leads to a number of cellular changes associated with the development of long-term memory. Using cultured cortical neurons, we previously showed that the n-hexane extract prepared from the peels of Citrus grandis (Kawachi bankan) induces the activation of ...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms13055338
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gaucher disease (GD) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the acid β-glucosidase gene (GBA1). Besides causing GD, GBA1 mutations constitute the main genetic risk factor for developing Parkinson's disease. The molecular basis of neurological manifestations in GD remain elusive. Ho...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms21093268
更新日期:2020-05-05 00:00:00
abstract::Species delimitation has long been a difficult and controversial process, and different operational criteria often lead to different results. In particular, investigators using phenotypic vs. molecular data to delineate species may recognize different boundaries, especially if morphologically or ecologically different...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms11020492
更新日期:2010-02-02 00:00:00
abstract::The key proteins responsible for hormone synthesis in the thyroid are glycosylated. Oligosaccharides strongly affect the function of glycosylated proteins. Both thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secreted by the pituitary gland and TSH receptors on the surface of thyrocytes contain N-glycans, which are crucial to their...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms19092792
更新日期:2018-09-17 00:00:00
abstract::Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive primary brain tumour, renowned for its infiltrative growth and varied genetic profiles. The current treatment options are insufficient, and their off-target effects greatly reduce patient quality of life. The major challenge in improving glioblastoma diagnosis and treatment involves...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms18122576
更新日期:2017-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::The present investigation was executed to reveal the protective mechanism of rosmarinic acid (RA) against cadmium (Cd)-induced nephrotoxicity. RA exhibited a concentration-dependent anti-apoptotic effect against CdCl2 in isolated mouse proximal tubular epithelial cells. Cd treatment significantly (p < 0.01) imparted o...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms20082027
更新日期:2019-04-24 00:00:00
abstract::Emotional and cognitive information processing represent higher-order brain functions. They require coordinated interaction of specialized brain areas via a complex spatial and temporal equilibrium among neuronal cell-autonomous, circuitry, and network mechanisms. The delicate balance can be corrupted by stressful exp...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms21207455
更新日期:2020-10-09 00:00:00
abstract::Larix olgensis Henry is an important coniferous species found in plantation forests in northeastern China, but it is vulnerable to pathogens. Nitric oxide (NO) is an important molecule involved in plant resistance to pathogens. To study the regulatory role of NO at the transcriptional level, we characterized the trans...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms161226117
更新日期:2015-12-02 00:00:00
abstract::The maintenance of ordinal cell cycle phases is a critical biological process in cancer genesis, which is a crucial target for anti-cancer drugs. As an important natural isoquinoline alkaloid from Chinese herbal medicine, Berberine (BBR) has been reported to possess anti-cancer potentiality to induce cell cycle arrest...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms19020327
更新日期:2018-01-23 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate in a systematic review and meta-analysis model the effect of statin therapy on carotid plaque echogenicity assessed by ultrasound. METHODS:We have systematically searched electronic databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Center Register) up to April, 2015, for studies evaluating the effe...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms160510734
更新日期:2015-05-12 00:00:00
abstract::Antibodies are composed of structurally and functionally independent domains that can be used as building blocks to construct different types of chimeric protein-format molecules. However, the generally used genetic fusion and chemical approaches restrict the types of structures that can be formed and do not give an i...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms21030711
更新日期:2020-01-21 00:00:00