Abstract:
:In epidemiological studies the diagnosis of a past history of myocardial infarction is made from the answer to a single question: "Have you ever had a severe pain across the front of your chest lasting for half an hour or more?" Two additional questions, which form an optional part of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine chest pain questionnaire, were used in two large community studies, with other information to determine the likely accuracy of the diagnosis ("Did you see a doctor about this pain?" If so, "What did he say it was?") The prevalence of possible myocardial infarction from the use of the single question was significantly higher among men from South Wales than among men from Speedwell, Bristol (10.1% and 6.9% respectively); in contrast, positive responses to the additional questions reduced the prevalence in the two populations to 5.8% and 4.9% respectively. These latter figures are very similar to those of self-reported coronary thrombosis in the two populations. Among subjects with positive responses to the additional questions the prevalence of ECG ischaemia was about 50%; in contrast, the prevalence of ECG ischaemia among those positive only to the severe chest pain question was very similar to that among those with no history of chest pain (12%). Preliminary mortality data show a similar classification of level of risk. These findings indicate that the false positive error rate for possible myocardial infarction could be significantly reduced by the use of two additional questions which form an optional part of the London School of Hygiene chest pain questionnaire but are rarely used. However, the present findings relate to populations with uniform levels of adequately accessible medical care; comparisons between populations with different levels of medical care will require cautious interpretation.
journal_name
J Epidemiol Community Healthjournal_title
Journal of epidemiology and community healthauthors
Yarnell JW,Sweetnam PM,Baker IA,Bainton Ddoi
10.1136/jech.42.2.116subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-06-01 00:00:00pages
116-20issue
2eissn
0143-005Xissn
1470-2738journal_volume
42pub_type
杂志文章abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVES:To assess the extent to which poorer self assessed health in men in whom an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is detected at screening is a consequence or a predictor of screening outcome. DESIGN:Prospective study. SETTING:Community based screening. PARTICIPANTS:23 654 men who attended for AAA screeni...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/jech.2003.019307
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To inform discussions on rates, burden and priority-setting in relation to police violence, we quantified the number and rate of years of life lost (YLLs) due to police violence by race/ethnicity and age in the USA, 2015-2016. METHODS:We used data on the number of deaths due to police violence from 'The Cou...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2017-210059
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To analyse time trends in overweight and obesity from 1991 to 2000 in samples of German children and to test the hypothesis of a trend difference between the samples from East and West Germany during this time period. DESIGN:Repeated cross-sectional studies using data of 35,434 five to seven-year-old childre...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2007.062117
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Uterine fibroids (UFs) are the most common form of sex steroid hormone-dependent benign tumours that grow in the walls of the uterus. Several observational studies have examined the association between obesity and the risk of UFs, but findings are inconsistent. The objective of this systematic review and met...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2019-213364
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Two main theoretical models have been used to assess the impact of psychosocial work factors on blood pressure (BP): the demand-control (DC) model and the effort-reward imbalance (ERI) model. Previous studies have mostly used a single time point exposure to examine this association. OBJECTIVE:To examine the...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2014-204914
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In industrialised countries, mortality and morbidity are dominated by age related chronic degenerative diseases. The health and health care needs of future populations will be heavily determined by these conditions of old age. Two opposite scenarios of future morbidity exist: morbidity might decrease ("compress"), bec...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.52.10.619
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To clarify concepts and methodological problems in existing multidimensional health status measures for children. DESIGN:Thematic review of instruments found by computerised and manual searches, 1979-95. SUBJECTS:Nine health status instruments. MAIN RESULTS:Many instruments did not satisfy criteria o...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/jech.50.4.391
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the article by Starfield and colleagues, it was suggested that the concept of prevention has gone astray. This article aims to extend their ideas. METHODS:Our methods are to take the Starfield et al article and argue that it is possible and useful to see prevention in a wider context, going beyond preven...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2008.082818
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Policies to increase Australian Indigenous children's participation in preschool aim to reduce developmental inequities between Indigenous and non-Indigenous children. This study aims to understand the benefits of preschool participation by quantifying the association between preschool participation in the y...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2020-214672
更新日期:2020-12-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:It is important to understand the local burden of non-communicable diseases including within-country heterogeneity. The aim of this study was to characterise hypertension and type-2 diabetes profiles across different Peruvian geographical settings emphasising the assessment of modifiable risk factors. METHO...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2015-205988
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:There is little information on the potential benefit of immunising all patients with chronic lung disease in the community against influenza. The clinical effectiveness and economic benefit was established of the influenza vaccination programme in a general practice based cohort of adult patients with c...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.52.2.120
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To develop a self administered Chinese (mainland) version of the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) for use in health related quality of life measurements in China. DESIGN:A three stage protocol was followed including translation, tests of scaling construction and scoring assumptions, validation, and nor...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.57.4.259
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVES:Sociodemographic differentials in cancer survival have occasionally been studied by using a relative survival approach, where all cause mortality among persons with a cancer diagnosis is compared with that among similar persons without such a diagnosis ("normal" mortality). One should ideally take into...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.56.4.309
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate if job insecurity and poor labour market chances predict a decline in self-rated health in the Danish workforce. DESIGN:Job insecurity, labour market chances, self-rated health and numerous covariates were measured in 1809 women and 1918 men who responded to a questionnaire in 1995 and again i...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2006.059113
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We investigated the influence of sleeplessness and number of insomnia symptoms on the probability of recovery from chronic low back pain (LBP), and the possible interplay between sleeplessness and co-occurring musculoskeletal pain on this association. METHODS:The study comprised data on 3712 women and 2488 ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2019-212734
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine the public's knowledge and perception of SARS and the extent to which various precautionary measures have been adopted. DESIGN:Cross sectional survey. SETTING:General population of Hong Kong at the height of the SARS outbreak (29 March to 6 April 2003). PARTICIPANTS:1115 ethnic Chinese adults. ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.57.11.857
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Over the last decades of the 20th century, a widening of the gap in death rates between upper and lower socioeconomic groups has been reported for many European countries. For most countries, it is unknown whether this widening has continued into the first decade of the 21st century. METHODS:We collected an...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2014-204319
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although being employed during midlife is positively associated with cognitive function in later life, little is known with respect to cumulative trajectories or durations of time spent in different kinds of work. METHODS:We investigated the relationships between employment trajectory from ages 31 years to ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2018-211153
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine the association of self-reported health (SRH) with the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene, life stress, and sociobehavioural factors in adults aged 55 and over. DESIGN:Secondary analysis of data from the Social Environment and Biomarkers of Aging Study (SEBAS) in Taiwan in 2000, comprising 1023 individu...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/jech.2007.063917
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine material and behavioural factors as explanations for occupational class differences in health, while taking into account the interrelations between these two groups of factors. METHODS:Data from cross sectional surveys among middle aged women and men employed by the City of Helsinki (n = 6062, res...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2003.019323
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:School systems are increasingly typified by diversity of provision, parental choice and publication of performance data. Schools shape their students' lifestyles and health, but the effects of 'marketisation' are under-researched. The authors use qualitative data to develop a logic model regarding such effec...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2011.137539
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2008.080903
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Earlier investigations have shown mortality effects of community socio-economic resources. However, the sex differences have not been clear, and the estimates may well have been biased because of inadequate control for community factors affecting both the socio-economic resources and mortality. The objective...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2008.081034
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To elucidate whether the risk of macrosomia, large for gestational age (LGA) and small for gestational age (SGA) is influenced by maternal body mass index and glucose tolerance differently in male and female fetuses. METHODS:A population study was conducted in 16 general hospitals from the Spanish National H...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/jech.2008.074542
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Much of the recent controversy surrounding the relation between fetal death and pregnancy order has centred around the appropriateness of different types of analyses. In the present paper the interpretation of various methods are discussed with reference to "real" and "hypothetical" data. The pattern of results obtain...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.38.1.29
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:With the exception of key 'proven successes' in global health, the current regime of global health governance can be understood as transnational and national actors pursuing their own interests under a rational actor model of international cooperation, which fails to provide sufficient justification for an o...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2009.101097
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Office of Population Censuses and Surveys Longitudinal Study provides reliable mortality data by a much wider range of characteristics than are available for other national sources. Although it is based on only a 1% sample of the population, it broadens the scope of mortality analysis and permits study of changes ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.36.2.69
更新日期:1982-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Before and during peak influenza periods there is increased morbidity from other respiratory tract disorders. Sentinel networks of primary care physicians can be very effective in the early detection of influenza epidemics and the German network, the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Influenza (AGI), began its work in thi...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.49.suppl_1.9
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is a growing body of evidence showing that early life events are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases later in adult life. However, there is a paucity of data in this field from Asian populations. In this study, we examined the association of birth order with obesity ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2019-213572
更新日期:2020-11-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Blood pressure is positively associated with ischaemic heart disease (IHD) mortality, but the strength of the association declines with age, and may differ between lean and obese people. OBJECTIVE:To study the association of blood pressure with IHD mortality stratified by attained age (<65 and ≥65 years) an...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2009.094110
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00