Uncovering Multidimensional Poverty Experiences in Shaping Children's Socioemotional Trajectories during the First 6 Years of Schooling.

Abstract:

:The extant literature has attested to the importance of poverty on child well-being generally using a unidimensional approach. Researchers have yet to establish solid evidence on how multiple dimensions of poverty (e.g., depth, volatility, and spells of exposure) might be associated with children's socioemotional well-being during their early school years. Building upon Bronfenbrenner's bioecological systems theory, this study used latent class analysis to identify poverty patterns by incorporating multiple dimensions of poverty and investigated the relationship between multidimensional poverty patterns and children's socioemotional trajectories from kindergarten through fifth grade. Using the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998-1999 (ECLS-K), a longitudinal dataset featuring a nationally representative cohort of children in the United States (N ≈ 20,090), the analysis identified seven poverty groups. Each group exhibited a unique poverty or economic pattern that incorporates the three poverty dimensions. Growth-curve results indicate that multidimensional poverty patterns were significantly associated with externalizing and internalizing behaviors both at kindergarten and over time by fifth grade. Children with the acutest form of economic deprivation-extreme poverty, volatile income, and multiple spells of poverty exposure-were reported to have the worst outcomes. The significant variations in children's socioemotional trajectories due to different poverty patterns highlight the importance of poverty reduction and prevention strategies corresponding to those patterns for optimal effect. This study suggests a focus not just on helping families exit poverty temporarily, but on improving their economic security as a way to nurture children's socioemotional well-being. :La bibliografía existente ha avalado la importancia de la pobreza en el bienestar de los niños, generalmente usando un enfoque unidimensional. Los investigadores aun tienen que demostrar con pruebas sólidas cómo las múltiples dimensiones de la pobreza (p. ej.: la profundidad, la volatilidad y los periodos de exposición) podrían estar asociadas con el bienestar socioemocional de los niños durante sus primeros años de escolarización. Basándose en la teoría bioecológica de sistemas de Bronfenbrenner, este estudio utilizó el análisis de clases latentes para identificar patrones de pobreza incorporando varias dimensiones de pobreza e investigó la relación entre los patrones multidimensionales de pobreza y las trayectorias socioemocionales de los niños desde el jardín de infantes hasta quinto grado. Utilizando el Estudio longitudinal de la primera infancia, promoción de jardín de infantes de 1998-99 (ECLS-K), un conjunto de datos longitudinales que presenta una cohorte de niños de los Estados Unidos representativa a nivel nacional (N ≈ 20,090), el análisis identificó siete grupos de pobreza. Cada grupo expuso un patrón económico o de pobreza único que incorporó las tres dimensiones de pobreza. Los resultados de la curva de crecimiento indican que los patrones multidimensionales de pobreza estuvieron asociados significativamente con conductas exteriorizadas e interiorizadas tanto en el jardín de infantes como en transcurso del tiempo hasta quinto grado. Se informó que los niños con la forma más aguda de privación económica-pobreza extrema, ingresos volátiles y varios periodos de exposición a la pobreza-tuvieron los peores resultados. Las variaciones significativas en las trayectorias socioemocionales de los niños debido a diferentes patrones de pobreza destacan la importancia de la reducción de la pobreza y de las estrategias de prevención correspondientes a esos patrones para lograr un efecto óptimo. Este estudio sugiere enfocarse no solo en ayudar a las familias a salir de la pobreza temporariamente, sino en mejorar su seguridad económica como forma de promover el bienestar socioemocional de los niños. :现存的文献通常采用单一维度的角度来证明贫穷对儿童健康的重要影响力。研究 人员尚未找到确凿的证据来说明贫困的多维度視角(如深度、收入波动性和贫困周期)如何与儿童在学龄阶段初期的社会情绪健康产生关联。本研究以布朗芬布伦纳的生物生态系统理论为基础, 利用潜类分析, 通过综合考虑贫困的多个维度来识别贫困模式, 并研究了多维度贫困模式与儿童从幼儿园到五年级期间的社会情绪发展轨迹之间的相关性。本研究資料採取美國教育部所蒐集的早期儿童长期性研究(ECLS-K), 其 对象為具有全美代表性的儿童群体。通过分析 20, 090 个在1998-99 入学的这一届儿童的数据, 本研究识别出7 个各具特性的贫困群体类别。增长曲线研究结果显示, 多维度贫困模式与幼儿园到五年级期间的外化和内化性行为有显著关联。结果显示, 经济贫困最严重类别即赤贫、收入不稳定和長期贫困的儿童其社会情绪发展受到最为严重的影响。由于贫穷模式不同, 儿童的社会情绪发展轨迹也呈现非常大的差异。这些差异結果表明针对不同的贫困模式來实施相对应的策略來减少贫困和预防贫困极其重要。本研究显示为了孩童的社会情绪健康的发展, 不仅要把重心放在短期內帮助家庭摆脱贫困上, 还要放在改善贫困家庭的長期经济安全和稳定性。.

journal_name

Fam Process

journal_title

Family process

authors

Zhang L,Han WJ

doi

10.1111/famp.12530

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-12-01 00:00:00

pages

1837-1855

issue

4

eissn

0014-7370

issn

1545-5300

journal_volume

59

pub_type

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