Abstract：
:Illumination allows solid object perception to be obtained and depicted by a shading pattern produced by lighting. The shading cue, as one of solid perception cues (Gibson 1979), was investigated in regard to a white corrugated wave shape, using computer graphic device: Tospix-2. The reason the corrugated wave was chosen, is that an alternately bright and dark pattern, produced by shading, can be conveniently analyzed into contained spatial frequencies. This paper reports spatial frequency properties contained in the shading pattern. The shading patterns, input into the computer graphic device, are analyzed by Fourier Transformation by the same device. After the filtration by various spatial frequency low and high pass filters, Inverse Fourier Transformation is carried out for the residual components. The result of the analysis indicates that the third through higher harmonics components are important in regard to presenting a solid reality feeling in solid perception. Sakata (1983) also reported that an edged pattern, superimposed onto a lower sinusoidal pattern, was important in solid perception. The third through higher harmonics components express the changing position of luminance on the pattern, and a slanted plane relating to the light direction. Detection of a solid shape, constructed with flat planes, is assumed to be on the bottom of the perfect curved solid perception mechanism. Apparent evidence for this assumption, in difficult visual conditions, is that a flat paneled solid is seen before the curved solid. This mechanism is explained by two spatial frequency neural network systems, assumed as having correspondence with higher spatial frequency detection and lower spatial frequency detection.
journal_name
Biol Cybernjournal_title
Biological cyberneticsauthors
Nameda Ndoi
10.1007/BF00317774subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-01-01 00:00:00pages
121-30issue
2eissn
0340-1200issn
1432-0770journal_volume
59pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:In the neural superposition eye of a dipteran fly every ommatidium has eight photoreceptors, each associated with a rhabdomere, two central and six peripheral, which altogether result in seven functional light guides. Groups of eight rhabdomeres in neighboring ommatidia have largely overlapping fields of view. Based o...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00422-006-0097-1
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The operation of a hierarchical competitive network model (VisNet) of invariance learning in the visual system is investigated to determine how this class of architecture can solve problems that require the spatial binding of features. First, we show that VisNet neurons can be trained to provide transform-invariant di...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004220100284
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The high speed of saccades means that they cannot be guided by visual feedback, so that any saccadic control system must know in advance the correct output signals to fixate a particular retinal position. To investigate neural-net architectures for learning this inverse-kinematics problem we simulated a 4 deg-of-freed...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00196450
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The activation patterns underlying the electrical activity of the heart during atrial fibrillation (AF) are not entirely random. The aim of this study was to assess the local organization of the activation processes during AF by estimating the non-linear coupling between activation sequences (ASs) in two atrial sites....
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004220100252
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Based on a complexity analysis of mutual information transmission of EEG developed by us [Xu J, Liu Z, Liu R, Yang Q (1997) Physica D 106: 363-374], dynamic processes of the complexity of mutual information transmission in human brains were studied. To diminish possible problems due to coarse graining preprocessing, s...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004220000158
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are two issues in balancing a stick pivoting on a finger tip (or mechanically on a moving cart): maintaining the stick angle near to vertical and maintaining the horizontal position within the bounds of reach or cart track. The (linearised) dynamics of the angle are second order (although driven by pivot acceler...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00422-013-0564-4
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A randomization method is developed for the calculation of covariation between multiple variables that are linked nonlinearly to a dependent variable. Covariation is a phenomenon often invoked in the study of movement coordination to capture the fact that in coordinated movement the outcome shows greater than expected...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00422-003-0399-5
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurons transmit information as action potentials or spikes. Due to the inherent randomness of the inter-spike intervals (ISIs), probabilistic models are often used for their description. Cumulative damage (CD) distributions are a family of probabilistic models that has been widely considered for describing time-relat...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00422-015-0651-9
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A mathematical model for describing dynamic phenomena in the olfactory bulb is presented. The nature of attractors and the bifurcation sequences in terms of the lateral connection strength in the mitral layer are studied numerically. Chaotic activity has only been found in the case of strong excitatory coupling. Synap...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00201408
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A functional model of target selection in the saccadic system is presented, incorporating elements of visual processing, motor planning, and motor control. We address the integration of visual information with pre-information, which is provided by manipulating the probability that a target appears at a certain locatio...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00199055
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Models built using mean data can represent only a very small percentage, or none, of the population being modeled, and produce different activity than any member of it. Overcoming this "averaging" pitfall requires measuring, in single individuals in single experiments, all of the system's defining characteristics. We ...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00422-012-0530-6
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We analyze the effect of weak-noise-induced transitions on the dynamics of the FitzHugh-Nagumo neuron model in a bistable state consisting of a stable fixed point and a stable unforced limit cycle. Bifurcation and slow-fast analysis give conditions on the parameter space for the establishment of this bi-stability. In ...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00422-018-0770-1
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability to locomote is a defining characteristic of all animals. Yet, all but the most trivial forms of navigation are poorly understood. Here we report and discuss the analytical results of an in-depth study of a simple navigation problem. In principle, there are two strategies for navigating a straight course. O...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00422-008-0251-z
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many tasks require the arm to move from its initial position to a specified target position, but leave us free to choose the trajectory between them. This paper presents and tests the hypothesis that trajectories are chosen to minimize metabolic energy costs. Costs are calculated for the range of possible trajectories...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004220050324
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Craik-O'Brien illusion was measured for patterns of negative and positive contrast by a compensation method. The illusion of negative contrast (black teeth on uniform field) was stronger than that of positive one (white teeth). The amount of compensation increased linearly with increasing tooth width, but was nonl...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00364002
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper concerns the use of tracking studies to test a theoretical account of the information processing performed by the human CNS during control of movement. The theory provides a bridge between studies of reaction time and continuous tracking. It is proposed that the human CNS includes neuronal circuitry to comp...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00364156
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Akinematical model for excitable wave propagation is analyzed to describe the dynamics of a typical neurological symptom of migraine. The kinematical model equation is solved analytically for a linear dependency between front curvature and velocity. The resulting wave starts from an initial excitation and moves in the...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 信件
doi：10.1007/s00422-003-0405-y
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article introduces several fundamental concepts in information theory from the perspective of their origins in engineering. Understanding such concepts is important in neuroscience for two reasons. Simply applying formulae from information theory without understanding the assumptions behind their definitions can ...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00422-011-0451-9
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is shown that the models for the transduction process in photoreceptors which treat latency and amplification as integrated phenomena ("integrated models") yield time scales for single photon signals ("quantum bumps") which distinctly conflict with the experimentally observed ones for the ventral nerve photorecepto...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00204697
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:According to modern views of the cerebellum in motor control, each cerebellar functional unit, or microzone, learns how to execute predictive and coordinative control, based on long-term depression of the granule cell-Purkinje cell synapses. In the present paper, in light of recent experimental and theoretical studies...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004220050462
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study is concerned with synaptic reorganization in local neuronal networks. Within networks of 30 neurons, an initial disequilibrium in connectivity has to be compensated by reorganization of synapses. Such plasticity is not a genetically determined process, but depends on results of neuronal interaction. Neurobi...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00364134
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The visual system is constantly confronted with the problem of integrating local signals into more global arrangements. This arises from the nature of early cell responses, whether they signal localized measures of luminance, motion, retinal position differences, or discontinuities. Consequently, from sparse, local me...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004220100258
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The stoichiometric and kinetic details of transmitter-receptor interaction (the number of conformations and the rate constants of conformation changes( in synaptic transmission have been investigated analyzing postsynaptic membrane noises by the aid of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem of stochastic chemical kinetic...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00337450
更新日期：1979-02-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuronal excitability under stimuli with a complex time course is investigated on the basis of the numerical solution of the Hodgkin-Huxley equations. Each stimulus is composed of 100-1000 unitary excitatory postsynaptic potentials (uEPSP) that start randomly within a definite time window. Probability of initiating a ...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00209424
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Type II units in the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) are characterized by vigorous but nonmonotonic responses to best frequency tones as a function of sound pressure level, and relatively weak responses to noise. A model of DCN neural circuitry was used to explore two hypothetical mechanisms by which neurons may be endo...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004220050355
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cognitive theory has decomposed human mental abilities into cognitive (sub) systems, and cognitive neuroscience succeeded in disclosing a host of relationships between cognitive systems and specific structures of the human brain. However, an explanation of why specific functions are located in specific brain loci had ...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00422-014-0603-9
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present paper considers the relation between the shape of a triangle and probability of its recognition. An effect of triangle size on perception of its shape is examined in the first experiment. In the second the loci of eye fixations during triangle recognition task are recorded and analysed. A simulation model ...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00363955
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A central pattern generator (CPG) is built to control a mechanical device (plant) inspired by the pyloric chamber of the lobster. Conductance-based models are used to construct the neurons of the CPG. The plant has an associated function that measures the amount of food flowing through it per unit of time. We search f...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/PL00007963
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diffusion processes have been extensively used to describe membrane potential behavior. In this approach the interspike interval has a theoretical counterpart in the first-passage-time of the diffusion model employed. Since the mathematical complexity of the first-passage-time problem increases with attempts to make t...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00201480
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The notion that biological systems come to embody optimal solutions seems consistent with the competitive drive of evolution. It has been used to interpret many examples of sensorimotor behavior. It is attractive from the viewpoint of control engineers because it solves the redundancy problem by identifying the one op...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00422-012-0514-6
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
