Abstract：
:Understanding past human settlement of inhospitable regions is one of the most intriguing puzzles in archaeological research, with implications for more sustainable use of marginal regions today. During the Byzantine period in the 4th century CE, large settlements were established in the arid region of the Negev Desert, Israel, but it remains unclear why it did so, and why the settlements were abandoned three centuries later. Previous theories proposed that the Negev was a "green desert" in the early 1st millennium CE, and that the Byzantine Empire withdrew from this region due to a dramatic climatic downturn. In the absence of a local climate archive correlated to the Byzantine/Early Islamic transition, testing this theory has proven challenging. We use stable isotopic indicators of animal dietary and mobility patterns to assess the extent of the vegetative cover in the desert. By doing so, we aim to detect possible climatic fluctuations that may have led to the abandonment of the Byzantine settlements. The findings show that the Negev Desert was not greener during the time period under investigation than it is today and that the composition of the animals' diets, as well as their grazing mobility patterns, remained unchanged through the Byzantine/Early Islamic transition. Favoring a non-climatic explanation, we propose instead that the abandonment of the Negev Byzantine settlements was motivated by restructuring of the Empire's territorial priorities.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Vaiglova P,Hartman G,Marom N,Ayalon A,Bar-Matthews M,Zilberman T,Yasur G,Buckley M,Bernstein R,Tepper Y,Weissbrod L,Erickson-Gini T,Bar-Oz Gdoi
10.1038/s41598-020-58360-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-01-30 00:00:00pages
1512issue
1issn
2045-2322pii
10.1038/s41598-020-58360-5journal_volume
10pub_type
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