Novel rewards occlude the reward positivity, and what to do about it.

abstract：:As compared to negative affect, only a small number of studies have examined influences of positive affect on cardiovascular stress responses, of which only a few were concerned with cardiovascular recovery. In this study, heart rate, low- and high-frequency heart rate variability, blood pressure, and levels of subjec...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Papousek I,Nauschnegg K,Paechter M,Lackner HK,Goswami N,Schulter G

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two types of biofeedback (BF), tomographic electroencephalogram (EEG) neurofeedback (NF) and electromyographic biofeedback (EMG-BF), both with phasic and tonic protocols, were compared for treatment effects and specificity in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Thirteen children with ADHD trained their br...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Maurizio S,Liechti MD,Heinrich H,Jäncke L,Steinhausen HC,Walitza S,Brandeis D,Drechsler R

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Event-related potentials (ERPs) to random sequences of tones delivered to the right and left ears were recorded during a pitch discrimination task which required subjects to attend selectively to one ear at a time and respond to occasional 'target' tones in that ear. The morphology of a long-lasting negative shift, ar...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Okita T

更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heart rate variability (HRV) associated with parasympathetic activity (i.e., cardiac vagal tone) is reduced in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but possible confounding effects of respiration have not been studied sufficiently. Further, reduced parasympathetic inhibition might contribute to elevated heart rate (H...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Smith TW,Deits-Lebehn C,Caska-Wallace CM,Renshaw KD,Uchino BN

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous research has indicated that information acquired before sleep gets consolidated during sleep. This process of consolidation might be reflected after sleep in changed extent and topography of cortical activation during retrieval of information. Here, we designed an experiment to measure those changes by means ...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Verleger R,Ludwig J,Kolev V,Yordanova J,Wagner U

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The capacity for abstraction is vital for adaptive behavior. Based on behavioral data and event-related potentials (ERPs), the present study investigates the brain's ability to encode abstract auditory rules with a dynamic approach in which rules constantly emerge and vanish. In successive conditions, abstract rules a...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Bendixen A,Schröger E

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pupillary size, pupillary light reflex and pupillary motility were measured every 15 min, for 10 continuous hours, in eight young adults. Time series constructed from the range of pupillary motility revealed 75 to 125 min rhythms; these were significantly out of phase with rhythms of similar periodicity in pupillary d...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Lavie P

更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Salivary output to lemon juice was measured on 24 subjects in the morning and afternoon with and without the presentation of noise. It was found that time of day and noise affected salivation output and that these factors interacted such that more saliva was produced by noise in the morning than in the afternoon. Poss...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Corcoran DW,Hajduk J

更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Habitually insufficient sleep could contribute towards obesity, metabolic syndrome, etc., via sleepiness-related inactivity and excess energy intake; more controversially, through more direct physiological changes. Epidemiological studies in adult/children point to small clinical risk only in very short (around 5h in ...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Horne J

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Background noise has become part of our everyday life in modern societies. Its presence affects both the ability to concentrate and communicate. Some individuals, like children, the elderly, and non-native speakers have pronounced problems in noisy environments. Here we review evidence suggesting that background noise...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Kujala T,Brattico E

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:ERPs to visual language stimuli were recorded in normal children (7-18 years) and adults from Fpz, Fz, Cz, Pz, Oz, F3, F4, C3, C4, P3, P4, T3, T4, T5 and T6. An oddball paradigm was employed with letter discrimination and lexical decision tasks. N2 and P3 latencies decreased significantly with age, N2 until adolescenc...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Taylor MJ

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accumulating evidence suggests that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be conceptualized within a framework of reward processing impairments. The Social Motivation Theory of Autism posits that reduced motivation to interact with people and decreased pleasure derived from social interactions may derail typical social d...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Greene RK,Walsh E,Mosner MG,Dichter GS

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:According to recent theoretical approaches dispositional anxiety is fundamentally linked to neural mechanisms of cognitive control (Braver et al., 2007; Eysenck et al., 2007). The present study was conducted to further investigate this topic by focusing on the relation between trait anxiety, conflict-processing and dy...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Osinsky R,Gebhardt H,Alexander N,Hennig J

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Early semantic effects (<200 ms) for single word processing have been reported inconsistently, though not rarely, in the ERP literature. It may be hypothesized that the frequently reported later lexical effects are related to the lengthy processing of long/scarcely familiar words or task factors. In this paper, we hav...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Proverbio AM,Adorni R,Zani A

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Psychophysical experiments show that the perception of posture is to a large degree affected by hitherto unknown graviceptors in the human trunk. By remote control subjects move themselves radially along their spinal axis over the horizontal platform of a rotating centrifuge until they feel horizontal. Normal subjects...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Mittelstaedt H

更新日期：1996-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The sensing of internal bodily signals, a process known as interoception, contributes to subjective emotional feeling states that can guide empathic understanding of the emotions of others. Individuals with Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) typically show an attenuated intuitive capacity to recognise and interpret othe...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Mulcahy JS,Davies M,Quadt L,Critchley HD,Garfinkel SN

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cardiovascular reactivity and recovery were examined as predictors of blood pressure changes over 3 years. Blood pressure and heart rate readings were obtained from 73 men and women aged 18-20 years during cold pressor, mental arithmetic, tourniquet ischemia, cycle exercise and step exercise tasks. Regression analyses...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Stewart JC,France CR

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The study compares 5 auditory event-related potential (ERP) components (P1 to P3) after 3 tones differing in pitch and rarity, and contrasts the mismatch negativity (MMN) between them in 12 children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; mean 10.2 years of age), 12 healthy controls pairwise matched for a...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Oades RD,Dittmann-Balcar A,Schepker R,Eggers C,Zerbin D

更新日期：1996-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Parsing strategies in temporarily ambiguous sentences were investigated in readers with different sentence memory capacities using event-related brain potentials (ERPs). Readers with a high memory span as well as readers with a low memory span were required to read subject and object relative sentences which were eith...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Friederici AD,Steinhauer K,Mecklinger A,Meyer M

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies have generated a four-system structure proposed as a replacement for Sokolov's unitary OR concept. This conceptualisation developed from a logical consideration of stimulus--response relationships based upon mean response magnitudes over subjects, and paid no attention to individual response types. It i...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Barry RJ

更新日期：1979-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We used the startle eye blink paradigm to investigate the processes underlying physiological responding to concealed information. Autonomic responding was measured together with eye blink responses to startle probes presented during mock crime and control pictures. Based upon 'orienting theory', greater startle modula...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Verschuere B,Crombez G,Koster EH,Van Bockstaele B,De Clercq A

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The electrophysiological correlates of error processing were investigated in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) using event-related potentials (ERP). Twelve patients with BPD and 12 healthy controls were additionally rated with the Barratt impulsiveness scale (BIS-10). Participants performed a Go/Nogo...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Ruchsow M,Walter H,Buchheim A,Martius P,Spitzer M,Kächele H,Grön G,Kiefer M

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Peer relationships play a major role in adolescent development, but few methods exist for measuring social processing at the neurophysiological level. This study extends our pilot study of Island Getaway, a task for eliciting event-related potentials (ERPs) to peer feedback. We differentiated ERPs using principal comp...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Kujawa A,Kessel EM,Carroll A,Arfer KB,Klein DN

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An opioid mechanism may help explain hypertensive hypoalgesia. A double-blind placebo-controlled design compared the effects of opioid blockade (naltrexone) and placebo on electrocutaneous pain threshold, pain tolerance, and retrospective McGill Pain Questionnaire ratings in 35 unmedicated patients with essential hype...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Ring C,France CR,al'Absi M,Edwards L,McIntyre D,Carroll D,Martin U

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mental chronometry, in which conclusions about human information processing are reached through measures of subjects' reaction time, has contributed substantially to studies of cognition and action. During the evolution of the chronometric paradigm, several key issues have emerged. The issues concern (a) the existence...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Meyer DE,Osman AM,Irwin DE,Yantis S

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Studies on depression have found that childhood abuse (CA) is associated with a persistent sensitization of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis to stress in adulthood. So far, it is unknown whether this HPA-axis sensitization is specific to depression, or whether this is a more general outcome asso...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Elzinga BM,Spinhoven P,Berretty E,de Jong P,Roelofs K

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to study synchronization of respiration, three different videofragments were presented to 21 normal subjects. Each fragment showed a 'therapeutic interview' specially performed for this purpose, with a 'patient' breathing in a particular way. The respiration of model 1 was deep, slow and clearly audible, the ...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Garssen B

更新日期：1979-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neural processing of emotional pictures is often indexed by two electrocortical responses: the early posterior negativity (EPN) and the late positive potential (LPP). Because emotional pictures vary in nonemotional features (e.g., composition, human content, and spatial frequency), researchers often match pictures on ...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Wiens S,Sand A,Olofsson JK

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has long been known that the diameter of human pupil enlarges with increasing effort during the execution of a task. This has been observed not only for purely mechanical effort but also for mental effort, as for example the computation of arithmetic problems with different levels of difficulty. Here we show that p...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Lisi M,Bonato M,Zorzi M

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hypothesis that recovery time of the skin conductance response could be considered as a measure of attentional 'openness--closedness' to the environment was investigated by examining the relation of SCR recovery time to cardiac response variables established as measures of attentional stance. The hypothesis was no...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Venables PH,Gartshore SA,O'Riordan PW

更新日期：1980-02-01 00:00:00