Abstract：
CONTEXT:Ethnography has been gaining appreciation in the field of health professions education (HPE) research, yet it remains misunderstood. Our article contributes to this growing literature by describing some of the key tensions with which both aspiring and seasoned ethnographers should productively struggle. METHODS:We respond to the injunction made by Varpio et al (2017) that HPE researchers should ground their methodological ventures in their historical and philosophical tenets. To do so, we first review core ethnographic texts that provide a background for ethnographic research in HPE, then provide an orienting definition to bind the specificities of ethnographic research. Finally, we review core theoretical and practical considerations for ethnographic research. RESULTS:Ethnography is a slow and deep approach to knowledge production, and as such it requires careful engagement with theory and deliberate choice of methods. Core theoretical tensions include the ontological, epistemological and axiological dimensions of ethnography, and concerns with quality and rigour. Practical tensions include the scope and remit of ethnography, the importance of observing naturally occurring behaviour and the crafting of rich field notes. CONCLUSIONS:We encourage ethnographers to pursue scholarship that challenges the status quo. Ethnographers should favour deep encounters with research participants, dig deep into the cultural and structural aspects of HPE and be reflexive about knowledge outputs. At a time in HPE when the pressures to publish are high, using ethnography as a research methodology offers an opportunity to slow down and think deeply.
journal_name
Med Educjournal_title
Medical educationauthors
Bressers G,Brydges M,Paradis Edoi
10.1111/medu.14033subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-03-01 00:00:00pages
225-233issue
3eissn
0308-0110issn
1365-2923journal_volume
54pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:While the literature shows the clinical value for medical practitioners of skill in communicating with patients in an empathetic manner, objective evaluations of methods to teach empathy are few. PURPOSES:This paper describes a method of teaching entry-level medical students the elements of effective commun...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.2000.00463.x
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:A mythical Pyramid of Learning, usually attributed to Edgar Dale (or the National Training Laboratories [NTL]) and giving student learning retention rates, has been cited in a wide range of educational literature. A 2013 literature review indicated that medical education literature similarly cites this Pyr...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/medu.13813
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:All general practitioners (GPs) are expected to have an appraisal from 2002 and the first cohort will experience revalidation in 2005. Although there is a link between appraisal and revalidation, this has yet to be clarified. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of GPs towards reval...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.2003.01469.x
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:Interprofessional education (IPE) aspires to enable collaborative practice. Current IPE offerings, although rapidly proliferating, lack evidence of efficacy and theoretical grounding. OBJECTIVES:Our research aimed to explore the historical emergence of the field of IPE and to analyse the positioning of this ac...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/medu.12668
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/medu.13612
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.2000.00575.x
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The findings of a survey of 3262 women doctors registered between 1945 and 1974 are reported. The results are based on 2433 returned questionnaires (75% response). The survey confirmed that the special forms of assistance provided to enable women doctors to continue training and to work after graduation are inadequate...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1979.tb01514.x
更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 1979, the College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria embarked on a new curriculum, which places more emphasis on primary health care in line with the needs of the country. This paper discusses one aspect of the primary health care course, family planning, which involves teaching a practical subject to a large number of st...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1986.tb01040.x
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An elective modules programme in the behavioural sciences was designed for the undergraduate medical curriculum at The Ohio State University College of Medicine. The programme provides a mechanism by which a broad range of behavioural science content can be introduced into the curriculum without increased allocation o...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1984.tb01469.x
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Modern postgraduate medical training requires both accurate and reliable selection procedures. An essential first step is to conduct detailed job analysis studies. This paper reports data on a series of job analyses to develop a competency model for three secondary care specialties (anaesthesia, obstetrics an...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2008.03174.x
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) skills tend to degrade over time. There is mounting evidence that high-fidelity simulation (HFS) is advantageous to teaching ACLS. The aspects of HFS that enhance learning are not entirely clear, but the anxiety generated by a scenario may enhance retention through well-e...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2010.03775.x
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In collaboration with aid agencies and government health workers, Save the Children Fund medical staff have been involved in the training of primary health care workers in the Sahel region of upper Volta. This report deals specifically with the problems involved in training illiterate health workers. ...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1982.tb01233.x
更新日期：1982-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:The responsibility to determine just who is competent to practice medicine, and at what standard, is great. Whilst there is still a period available for potential remediation, examinations at the completion of year three of the four-year Graduate Entry Medical Programme (GEMP) at Flinders University of South Au...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.2000.00690.x
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The University of Washington School of Medicine (UWSM) has initiated new efforts to build a regional minority applicant pool and to expand its educational programmes to accommodate students from disadvantaged backgrounds. Specific interventions include: establishment of medical career planner position to coordinate re...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1988.tb00760.x
更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This essay examines the background and implementation of the statutory requirement that each medical graduate in Great Britain must spend a pre-registration year in hospital training before full registration can be effected. It looks briefly at the French and USA 'internship', and then describes the British situation ...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1997.tb02589.x
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:An important part of a doctor's identity is the social position he or she adopts relative to patients. Dialogic theory predicts that medical school discourses influence the positions students incorporate into their professional identities. As this may affect how students later exercise power in doctor-patient r...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/medu.14074
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2011.03945.x
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To follow the progress of young female adolescents, as risk-taking standardised patients (SPs), and to monitor for adverse affects that role-playing may have on the adolescents. METHODS:A prospective design was used in which 11 female adolescents, aged 13-15 years, were recruited from 2 schools. The adolesce...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2929.2005.02343.x
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the context of a curriculum reform the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Leuven, Belgium, introduced a new teaching project: video-supported small-group learning on problem-solving and clinical reasoning. The aim of this study is to reflect 20 years experience. The video-supported sessions for sixth-year med...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.1998.00219.x
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The attitudes towards the basic sciences of medical students enrolled in either of 2 different curricula at the University of Utrecht Medical School in The Netherlands were investigated. The purpose of this study was threefold: first, to compare students (beginning clerks) in a conventional and an innovative...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.2002.01371.x
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was conducted to provide in-depth information on the reliabilities of measures of the separate components of clinical competence (e.g. data collection, test interpretation, diagnosis, etc.) assessed by a performance-based examination consisting of standardized-patient cases administered to five class...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1991.tb00071.x
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The skill of inquiry is central to the task of the doctor confronted with a patient problem. Despite its importance this skill is not given appropriate emphasis in the education of medical students or in research concerning the clinical reasoning skills of doctors. ...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1990.tb02428.x
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe the perceptions of medical students and clinical teachers of teaching and learning in the clinical setting. DESIGN:Qualitative study of focus groups with undergraduate medical students and semistructured interviews with hospital consultant clinical teachers. SETTING:The School of Medicine, Unive...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.2003.01675.x
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development and maintenance of expertise in any domain requires extensive, sustained practice of the necessary skills. However, the quantity of time spent is not the only factor in achieving expertise; the quality of this time is at least as important. The development and maintenance of expertise requires extensiv...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.2001.00831.x
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interactive video is a new teaching medium that has much potential in medical education. Hitherto, the realization of this potential has been restrained by lack of awareness among medical teachers of the advantageous features provided and how to implement them, while computer specialists lack the required medical know...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1991.tb00044.x
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:Concept maps have been used to promote meaningful learning and critical thinking. Although these are crucially important in all disciplines, evidence for the benefits of concept mapping for learning in medicine is limited. METHODS:We performed a randomised crossover study to assess the benefits of online testa...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/medu.12422
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The specific anxieties of 74 medical students beginning their clinical training were assessed by means of a questionnaire at the start of the clinical introductory course at St Mary's Hospital Medical School, London. Situations differed in the amount of anxiety that they engendered, and students also differed in the n...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1992.tb00116.x
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 1978, the second-year pre-clinical Behavioural Sciences course at Monash University Medical School was restructured to improve monitoring of, and feedback on, the development of interpersonal relationships between individual students and individual old age pensioners they were studying. Results indicate that integr...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1981.tb02314.x
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:In health professions education, tests have traditionally been used to assess the skills and knowledge of learners. More recently, research in psychology and education has shown that tests can also be used to enhance student memory; a phenomenon called the 'testing effect'. Much of the research in this domain h...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/medu.12302
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To develop and assess the feasibility and psychometric properties of multi-source feedback questionnaires to monitor international medical graduates practising in Canada under 'defined' licences. METHOD:Four questionnaires (patient, co-worker, colleague and self) were developed and administered in 2 phases t...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2929.2006.02410.x
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
