Abstract:
:Vertical transmission accounts for most human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in children, and treatments for newborns are needed to abrogate infection or limit disease progression. We showed previously that short-term broadly neutralizing antibody (bNAb) therapy given 24 h after oral exposure cleared simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) in a macaque model of perinatal infection. Here, we report that all infants given either a single dose of bNAbs at 30 h, or a 21-day triple-drug ART regimen at 48 h, are aviremic with almost no virus in tissues. In contrast, bNAb treatment beginning at 48 h leads to tight control without adaptive immune responses in half of animals. We conclude that both bNAbs and ART mediate effective post-exposure prophylaxis in infant macaques within 30-48 h of oral SHIV exposure. Our findings suggest that optimizing the treatment regimen may extend the window of opportunity for preventing perinatal HIV infection when treatment is delayed.
journal_name
Nat Communjournal_title
Nature communicationsauthors
Shapiro MB,Cheever T,Malherbe DC,Pandey S,Reed J,Yang ES,Wang K,Pegu A,Chen X,Siess D,Burke D,Henderson H,Lewinsohn R,Fischer M,Stanton JJ,Axthelm MK,Kahl C,Park B,Lewis AD,Sacha JB,Mascola JR,Hessell AJ,Haigwdoi
10.1038/s41467-019-13972-ysubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-01-07 00:00:00pages
70issue
1issn
2041-1723pii
10.1038/s41467-019-13972-yjournal_volume
11pub_type
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