Abstract：
:The hypothesis for the investigation was that the overall mechanism of action of skin penetration enhancers is best explained by the Solubility-Physicochemical-Thermodynamic (SPT) theory. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the application of SPT theory in transdermal/topical/enhancer research. The SPT theory puts forward the concept that the mode of action of enhancers is related to solubility parameters, physicochemical interactions and thermodynamic activity. This paper discusses these concepts by using experimentally derived permeation data, various physicochemical and solubility parameters (ingredient active gap (IAG), ingredient skin gap (ISG), solubility of active in the formulation (SolV) and the formulation solubility in the skin (SolS)) generated by using FFE (Formulating for Efficacy™ - ACT Solutions Corp) software. These studies suggest that there is an inverse relationship between measured flux and IAG values given that there is an optimum ingredient skin gap, SolV and SolS ratio. The study demonstrated that the flux is actually proportional to a gradient of thermodynamic activity rather than the concentration and maximum skin penetration and deposition can be achieved when the drug is at its highest thermodynamic activity.
journal_name
Int J Pharmjournal_title
International journal of pharmaceuticsauthors
Haq A,Chandler M,Michniak-Kohn Bdoi
10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118920subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-02-15 00:00:00pages
118920eissn
0378-5173issn
1873-3476pii
S0378-5173(19)30965-2journal_volume
575pub_type
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