Non-traumatic perforation of the jejunum in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient receiving combination antiretroviral therapy: A case report.

Abstract:

RATIONALE:Non-traumatic bowel perforation caused by cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infections has become rare among patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART); however, CMV-associated and MAC-related immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) has subsequently emerged owing to the wide use of integrase inhibitor-based regimens. Here we report a case of spontaneous perforation of the jejunum in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection with good compliance to cART. PATIENT CONCERNS:A 32-year-old HIV-infected man developed CMV disease and DMAC infection, as unmasking IRIS, 3 days after the initiation of cART. After appropriate treatment for opportunistic infections, intermittent fever with enlarged lymph nodes in the abdomen occurred as paradoxical IRIS. The patient was administered prednisolone with subsequent tapering according to his clinical condition. DIAGNOSES:Unexpected perforation of hollow organ during the titration of steroid dose with clinical presentations of severe abdominal pain was diagnosed by chest radiography. INTERVENTIONS:He underwent surgical repair with peritoneal toileting smoothly. OUTCOMES:He was discharged well with a clean surgical wound on post-operative day 10. LESSONS:Bowel perforation may be a life-threatening manifestation of IRIS in the era of cART. Steroids should be avoided, if possible, to decrease the risk of bowel perforation, especially in IRIS occurred after opportunistic diseases involving the gastrointestinal tract.

journal_name

Medicine (Baltimore)

journal_title

Medicine

authors

Lee YC,Chiou CC,Wang JT,Yang YC,Tung SH,Hsieh SM

doi

10.1097/MD.0000000000018163

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-12-01 00:00:00

pages

e18163

issue

49

eissn

0025-7974

issn

1536-5964

pii

00005792-201912060-00029

journal_volume

98

pub_type

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