Abstract:
:Introduction: Detection and characterization of pulmonary nodules is an important issue, because the process is the first step in the management of lung cancers.Areas covered: Literature review was performed on May 15 2019 by using the PubMed, US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, and the National Center for Biotechnology information. CT features helping identify the druggable mutations and predict the prognosis of malignant nodules were presented. Technical advancements in MRI and PET/CT were introduced for providing functional information about malignant nodules. Advances in various tissue biopsy techniques enabling molecular analysis and histologic diagnosis of indeterminate nodules were also presented. New techniques such as radiomics, deep learning (DL) technology, and artificial intelligence showing promise in differentiating between malignant and benign nodules were summarized. Recently, updated management guidelines for solid and subsolid nodules incidentally detected on CT were described. Risk stratification and prediction models for indeterminate nodules under active investigation were briefly summarized.Expert opinion: Advancement in CT knowledge has led to a better correlation between CT features and genomic alterations or tumor histology. Recent advances like PET/CT, MRI, radiomics, and DL-based approach have shown promising results in the characterization and prognostication of pulmonary nodules.
journal_name
Expert Rev Respir Medjournal_title
Expert review of respiratory medicineauthors
Kim TJ,Kim CH,Lee HY,Chung MJ,Shin SH,Lee KJ,Lee KSdoi
10.1080/17476348.2020.1697853subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-02-01 00:00:00pages
173-194issue
2eissn
1747-6348issn
1747-6356journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is an inflammatory disorder characterized by airflow limitation. Its cardinal symptom is dyspnea, which develops gradually with even low levels of exercise. Bronchodilators (BDs) are the most effective drugs for relieving dyspnea. Two main types of BD are currently available, β-mi...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ers.13.18
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was first recognized in 2012 and since then has resulted in cases in 23 countries in four continents. The majority of these cases were reported from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The disease caused a spectrum of illness, from asymptomatic to severe and possibly fa...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17476348.2015.1027689
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic respiratory disease is an increasingly prevalent cause of life-limiting illness. Care for patients with terminal respiratory diseases has historically focused on disease-modifying therapies, many of which have little impact on life expectancy. This exclusive focus can detract from attention to patient-physicia...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/ers.09.47
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Asthma is a disease that affects approximately 7% of adults residing in the USA; the prevalence is even greater in children and approaches 10%. The CDC has reported that the overall prevalence of lifetime asthma is 10.5%. New-onset asthma is most often seen in children and is associated with atopy; however, the majori...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ers.10.12
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In many countries numbers of adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) exceed that of children, with median survival predicted to surpass 50 years. Increasing longevity is, in part, due to intensive therapies including eradication of early infection and suppressive therapies and pulmonary exacerbations. Initial infections with...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17476348.2016.1162715
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Asthma is often associated with various comorbidities. The most frequently reported asthma comorbid conditions include rhinitis, sinusitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, obstructive sleep apnea, hormonal disorders and psychopathologies. These conditions may, first: share a common pathophysiological mechanism with a...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ers.11.34
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Few studies have provided real-world evidence of mepolizumab efficacy and safety. We aimed to evaluate mepolizumab for severe eosinophilic asthma in daily clinical practice.Research design and methods: Patients included in the RINOVA (Interdisciplinary Network for the management of severe asthma in Veneto ...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/17476348.2019.1676734
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Physical functional capacity is impaired in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). There is no tool to measure this key clinical outcome. The continuous-scale physical function performance (CS-PFP) test is one that assesses activities of daily living, but it has never been used in IPF. METHODS:We determined i...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/17476348.2015.1030396
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a destructive lung disease affecting primarily women. LAM is caused by inactivating mutations in the tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) genes, resulting in hyperactivation of mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). Over the past five years, there have b...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17476348.2018.1409622
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Budesonide/formoterol is a combination of an inhaled corticosteroid plus a long-acting beta(2)-agonist available as a dry-powder inhaler for the indication of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in various countries outside of the USA and as a pressurized metered-dose inhaler in the USA for the indication...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/17476348.2.5.551
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hallmarks of allergic bronchial asthma arise from chronic airway inflammation. Thus, elucidating the mechanisms regulating the maintenance of this chronic inflammatory response is key to understanding asthma pathogenesis. To date, it is not clear whether a predominance of proinflammatory factors or a reduced capac...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17476348.2015.1109452
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Non-small-cell lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Surgery remains the cornerstone of treatment for localized, resectable lung cancer, although advanced stages are associated with a high risk of developing distant metastases. Large randomized trials have demonstrated an improvement ...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/17476348.2.5.655
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treprostinil is a prostacyclin derivative approved for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension by intravenous, subcutaneous and inhalational administration. Unlike its precursor epoprostenol, treprostinil is chemically stable at room temperature and neutral pH, and its plasma half-life is longer. In addition ...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ers.12.23
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Refractory breathlessness is one of the most common and devastating symptoms of advanced cardiorespiratory disease, both malignant and nonmalignant. In spite of increased interest in research in the last 20 years, there have been few significant advances in the palliation of this distressing condition. The most succes...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/17476348.3.1.21
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The airway epithelium is constantly faced with inflammatory and potentially injurious stimuli. Following damage, rapid repair mechanisms involving proliferation and differentiation of resident progenitor and stem cell pools are necessary in order to maintain a protective barrier. In asthma, evidence pointing to a comp...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ers.10.72
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The management of pulmonary hypertension has already incorporated the use of multiple therapies into routine practice. Available therapies act principally through vasodilatation of the pulmonary arterial circulation through well-delineated mechanisms, although right ventricular function determines function and prognos...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ers.11.13
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) is an evolving diagnostic tool in respiratory medicine that allows the bronchoscopist to see beyond the airway. The radial probe EBUS was first introduced to evaluate the central airway structure. With advances in technology, the small radial probes can now visualize and assist transbro...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ers.10.39
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 2007 the long-term outcome of lung cancer is still disappointing, with a 5-year survival rate not exceeding 15%. However, small but significant improvements in survival times have been achieved in the last decade. This progress has been achieved through the improvement of surgical techniques and following the intro...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/17476348.1.1.99
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Smoke inhalation injury continues to increase morbidity and mortality in burn patients in both the third world and industrialized countries. The lack of uniform criteria for the diagnosis and definition of smoke inhalation injury contributes to the fact that, despite extensive research, mortality rates have changed li...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/ERS.09.21
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) annual report summarizes the latest evidence for asthma management. GINA recommends stepwise pharmacological treatment, advocating inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) plus rapid, long-acting β2-agonists (LABA) delivered in a single inhaler for maintenance and relief at Ste...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17476348.2018.1429921
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe form of acute lung injury common in critically ill patients and characterized by significant morbidity and mortality. It frequently manifests long-lasting effects beyond hospitalization, from cognitive impairment to physical weakness.Areas covered: S...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/17476348.2020.1743182
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) is the end-point of a spectrum of glucose abnormalities in cystic fibrosis that begins with early insulin deficiency and ultimately results in accelerated nutritional decline and loss of lung function. Current diagnostic and management regimens are unable to entirely...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17476348.2016.1190646
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation. It is the third leading cause of death worldwide, and there are currently no curative strategies for this disease. Many factors contribute to COPD susceptibility, progression and exacerbations. These...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17476348.2013.842468
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Positive airway pressure (PAP) devices are generally considered to be the first-line treatment of choice for most adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, there are several alternatives. It is important for patients and their sleep providers to be aware of the most up-to-date information regardi...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/17476348.2018.1522253
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Understanding Potential Long-term Improvements in Function with Tiotropium (UPLIFT) trial was a global 4-year randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial that evaluated the long-term impact of tiotropium bromide 18 microg once daily on the accelerated age-related decline in pre- and post-bronchodilator forced exp...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ers.10.23
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Knowledge of the pathophysiology of cough has continued to advance over recent decades. Establishing anatomic-diagnostic protocols, based on the anatomy and distribution of vagus nerve pathways regulating the cough reflex, was the first breakthrough in modern clinical medicine for chronic cough. The unme...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/17476348.2020.1713102
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite marginal improvements in survival gained from multimodality treatment, long-term survival rates remain low for lung cancer, which remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in North America. BLP25 liposomal (L-BLP25) vaccine (Stimuvax) is a promising liposomal vaccine designed to generate an immune ...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/17476348.2.1.37
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The historic perspective that used to define chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has changed. As reviewed in this article, it is based on a better understanding of the underlying inflammatory airflow obstruction and a multidimensional classification, which mostly targets a subgroup called 'frequent exacerbators'. Cl...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17476348.2013.814392
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Acute exacerbations of chronic lung disease account for substantial morbidity and health costs. Repeated inflammatory episodes and attendant bronchoconstriction cause structural remodeling of the airway. Remodeling is a multicellular response to mucosal injury that results in epithelial cell-state changes,...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17476348.2018.1526677
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become one of the leading etiologies of nosocomial pneumonia as a result of an increase in staphylococcal infections caused by methicillin-resistant strains paired with extended ventilatory support of critically, and often, chronically ill patients. The prevalence...
journal_title:Expert review of respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17476348.2014.940323
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00