Abstract:
:Interferon epsilon (IFNε) is a type I IFN with unusual patterns of expression and therefore, function. It is constitutively expressed by reproductive tract epithelium and regulated by hormones during estrus cycle, reproduction, and menopause and by exogenous hormones. The IFNe protein is encoded by a gene in the type I IFN locus, binds to IFNAR1 and 2 which are required for signaling via the JAK STAT pathway. Its affinity for binding receptors and transducing signals is less potent than IFNα or β subtypes in vitro. Nevertheless, in vivo experiments indicate its efficacy in regulating mucosal immune responses and protecting from bacterial and viral infections. These studies demonstrate a different mechanism of action to type I IFNs. In this organ system with dynamic fluxes in cellularity, requirement to tolerate an implanted fetus, and be protected from disease, there is co-option of a special IFN from a family of effective immunoregulators, with unique controls and modified potency to make it a safe and effective constitutive reproductive tract cytokine.
journal_name
Semin Immunoljournal_title
Seminars in immunologyauthors
Marks ZRC,Campbell N,deWeerd NA,Lim SS,Gearing LJ,Bourke NM,Hertzog PJdoi
10.1016/j.smim.2019.101328subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-06-01 00:00:00pages
101328eissn
1044-5323issn
1096-3618pii
S1044-5323(19)30063-6journal_volume
43pub_type
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