Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome following apatinib for gastric cancer in an adult: A case report and a review of the literature.

Abstract:

RATIONALE:Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) is characterized by rapidly progressive hypertension, headache, and disturbance of consciousness. Moreover, RPLS is rarely reported after apatinib treatment. PATIENT CONCERNS:We present a case of RPLS induced by apatinib in this report. The patient had dizziness and bilateral lower limb weakness after apatinib use for 12 days. DIAGNOSIS AND INTERVENTIONS:Cranial T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed symmetrical increased signal intensity in bilateral areas of the basal ganglia, radiation crown, frontal lobe, parietal lobe, and occipital lobe, which was suggestive of RPLS. The patient discontinued apatinib use and was administered dexamethasone, mannitol, and antihypertensive drugs. OUTCOMES:The patient's blood pressure returned to normal and neurological symptoms improved after 3 days of discontinuation of apatinib use. Moreover, brain MRI showed complete resolution of previous changes after 44 days of discontinuation of apatinib use. LESSONS:Increased blood pressure may damage the normal blood-brain barrier, resulting in the extravasation of the fluid into the brain parenchyma. Hypertension is a significant cause of RPLS. It is important to strictly monitor blood pressure during apatinib treatment.

journal_name

Medicine (Baltimore)

journal_title

Medicine

authors

Lv Y,Zhang Y,Zhang J,Liang N,Liu F,Liu R

doi

10.1097/MD.0000000000017787

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-11-01 00:00:00

pages

e17787

issue

46

eissn

0025-7974

issn

1536-5964

pii

00005792-201911150-00022

journal_volume

98

pub_type

杂志文章

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