Sarcopenia and osteosarcopenia in seriously injured motor vehicle crash occupants.

abstract：:Objective：The moral and ethical issue is a great challenge to the development of autonomous vehicles. There may be distinctions between the choices made by an observer and a participant. The paper is designed to investigate whether drivers will sacrifice the fewest people to save more people in social dilemma, and whe...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Gao Z,Sun Y,Hu H,Zhang T,Gao F

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to identify the factors that influence the frequency and severity of rear-end crashes in work zones because rear-end crashes represent a significant proportion of crashes that occur in work zones. METHODS:Truncated count data models were developed to identify influencing facto...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Qi Y,Srinivasan R,Teng H,Baker R

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Planar crash severity is most commonly defined by delta-V (ΔV), which is the change in a vehicle's velocity vector during a crash. All ΔV estimates contained in the NASS-CDS are generated using a damage-based program called WinSMASH. WinSMASH ΔV accuracy in side crashes has not previously been validated again...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Johnson NS,Gabler HC

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The neck injury index, NII, developed in ISO 13232 (2005) as a testing and evaluation procedure for assessing the risk of injury to the AO/C1/C2 region of the cervical spine in motorcycle riders is reevaluated using an existing postmortem human subjects (PMHS) data set and resulting in a reformulated NII crit...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Bass CR,Salzar RS,Lucas SR,Rafaels KA,Damon AM,Crandall JR

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study investigated the prevalence rate and identified the associated factors influencing helmet use in Kumasi, Ghana. METHODS:The data used in this study were collected from motorcycle riders in the Kumasi metropolis through questionnaire survey. The contributing factors influencing helmet use were det...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Nimako Aidoo E,Bawa S,Amoako-Yirenkyi C

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The study reported in this article addressed the potential safety impact of consumer movement toward smaller vehicle choices by examining the makeup of the full British Columbia (BC) vehicle fleet--from smaller cars to heavy commercial vehicles. The basic assumption made was that some operators of heavy light...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Cooper PJ,Zheng Y,Andersen L,Pellegrini N

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The objective of the current study was to evaluate the whole-body kinematic response of the Total Human Model for Safety (THUMS) occupant model in controlled laboratory rollover tests by comparing the model response to postmortem human surrogate (PMHS) kinematic response targets published in 2014. METHODS:A ...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Poulard D,Zhang Q,Cochran JR,Gepner B,Kerrigan J

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Objective: This study aimed to reproduce the results of a previous investigation on the safety benefits of individualized training for older drivers. We modified our method to address validity and generalizability issues. Methods: Older drivers were randomly assigned to one of the 3 arms: (1) education alone, (2) educ...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Gagnon S,Stinchcombe A,Curtis M,Kateb M,Polgar J,Porter MM,Bédard M

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The objective of this study was to estimate the number of crash deaths specifically attributable to alcohol-impaired driving, with a focus on various strategies for introducing vehicle-based solutions. If alcohol detection systems are standard in all new vehicles, how many lives could be saved in the near te...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Farmer CM

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This study investigated trends in severe injury and ejection in rollover crashes involving lap-shoulder-belted drivers and right-front passengers. It was conducted because of changes in 2009 to consumer information programs and regulations related to rollover protection. The data are presented by model year (MY...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Viano DC,Parenteau CS

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The objective of the current study is to determine what factors have been associated with the global adoption of mandatory child restraint laws (ChRLs) since 1975. METHODS:In order to determine what factors explained the global adoption of mandatory ChRLs, Weibull models were analyzed. To carry out this anal...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Nazif-Muñoz JI

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Violation of traffic rules is a major contributing factor in both crashes and fatalities in the United States. This study aims at quantifying risk that drivers pose to themselves and other drivers by violating traffic rules. METHOD:Crash data from 2010 to 2013 were gathered for the state of North Carolina. D...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Penmetsa P,Pulugurtha SS

更新日期：2017-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The growing recognition of the problem presented by illicit vehicle operation by those whose license has been suspended for driving while intoxicated (DWI) has led to the increasing use of vehicle sanctions. These sanctions include vehicle impoundment and forfeiture, vehicle registration cancellation, and vehicle inte...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Voas RB,Fell JC,McKnight AS,Sweedler BM

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The stated and revealed travel behavior of a sample of 60 rural drivers aged 54-92 years provided a basis to explore the potential effectiveness of two common driver's license restrictions aimed at older drivers: time of day and road class. The potential utility and impact of these restrictions have not been explored ...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Hanson TR,Hildebrand ED

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The horizontal distance between the back of the head and the frontal of the head restraint (backset) and rearward head movement relative to the torso (cervical retraction) were studied in different occupant postures and positions in a modern car. METHODS:A stratified randomized population of 154 test subjec...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Jonsson B,Stenlund H,Svensson MY,Björnstig U

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The goal of this study was to evaluate the biofidelity of the Total Human Model for Safety (THUMS; Ver. 4.01) pedestrian finite element models (PFEM) in a whole-body pedestrian impact condition using a well-characterized generic pedestrian buck model. METHODS:The biofidelity of THUMS PFEM was evaluated with ...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Wu T,Kim T,Bollapragada V,Poulard D,Chen H,Panzer MB,Forman JL,Crandall JR,Pipkorn B

更新日期：2017-05-29 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Despite recent improvements in highway safety in the United States, serious crashes on curves remain a significant problem. To assist in better understanding causal factors leading to this problem, this article presents and demonstrates a methodology for collection and analysis of vehicle trajectory and speed...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Fitzsimmons EJ,Kvam V,Souleyrette RR,Nambisan SS,Bonett DG

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Cyclists are increasingly overrepresented in traffic crash casualties in Australia. There is evidence that better cycling infrastructure increases participation, but whether it reduces the numbers of injured cyclists is less clear. This study examined injury outcomes of crashes in different cycling environ...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： De Rome L,Boufous S,Georgeson T,Senserrick T,Richardson D,Ivers R

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Objective: This research examined the incidence rates of elevated gravitational force events (kinematic risky driving, KRD) among 16- to 17-year-old drivers compared to those of 18- to 20-year-old, 21- to 25-year-old, and 35- to 55-year-old drivers over a 12-month period. Methods: Data were sampled from the Strategic ...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Simons-Morton BG,Gershon P,Gensler G,Klauer S,Ehsani J,Zhu C,O'Brien F,Gore-Langton R,Dingus T

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Knowledge regarding drownings related to land motor vehicle events is limited although reports of these events occur globally. This study elucidates crash and injury mechanisms in motor vehicle-related drownings in a Swedish population during 1992 through 2006 in order to suggest preventive countermeasures. ...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Stjernbrandt A,Oström M,Eriksson A,Björnstig U

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are one of the leading causes of global deaths, contributing to 1.3 million lives lost each year. Although all regions are affected, low- and middle-income countries share a disproportionate burden. The significance of this public health threat is growing in Turkey, where current ...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Puvanachandra P,Hoe C,Ozkan T,Lajunen T

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Posted speed limit and police-reported injury codes are commonly used by researchers to approximate vehicle impact and occupant injury severity. In-depth crash investigations, however, produce more precise measures of crash and injury severity: change in velocity (delta-V) for crash severity and Abbreviated Injury Sca...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Farmer CM

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Intersection crashes account for over 4,500 fatalities in the United States each year. Intersection Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (I-ADAS) are emerging vehicle-based active safety systems that have the potential to help drivers safely navigate across intersections and prevent intersection crashes and inj...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Scanlon JM,Kusano KD,Gabler HC

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This is a study of the influence of an unbelted rear occupant on the risk of severe injury to the front seat occupant ahead of them in frontal crashes. It provides an update to earlier studies. METHODS:1997-2015 NASS-CDS data were used to investigate the risk for severe injury (Maximum Abbreviated Injury Score...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Parenteau CS,Viano DC

更新日期：2018-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the activation profiles of muscles surrounding the lumbar spine during unanticipated and braced simulated rear-end collisions. Methods: Twenty-two low-speed sled tests were performed on 11 human volunteers ( △ V = 4 km/h...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Fewster KM,Viggiani D,Gooyers CE,Parkinson RJ,Callaghan JP

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Traffic crashes are one of the leading causes of fatalities among Chinese children. Booster cushion usage in China is low, and there are no studies showing how a population with limited experience handles booster cushions during buckling up. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the handling of and explor...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Bohman K,Jorlöv S,Zhou S,Zhao C,Sui B,Ding C

更新日期：2016-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Provide updated death rates comparing latest generations of frontal air bags in fatal crashes. METHODS:Rates of driver and right-front passenger deaths in frontal crashes per 10 million registered vehicle years were compared using Poisson marginal structural models for passenger vehicles equipped with air ba...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Teoh ER

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The present case-control study aimed to determine whether obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients are at an increased risk for sleepiness-related motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) than controls and to identify disease-related factors associated with accident risk. METHODS:Demographic, anthropometric, ...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Basoglu OK,Tasbakan MS

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This paper quantifies pediatric thoracoabdominal response to belt loading to guide the scaling of existing adult response data and to assess the validity of a juvenile porcine abdominal model for application to the development of physical and computational models of the human child. METHODS:Table-top belt-l...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Kent R,Lopez-Valdes FJ,Lamp J,Lau S,Parent D,Kerrigan J,Lessley D,Salzar R,Sochor M,Bass D,Maltese MR

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study evaluated the safety impacts of pedestrian countdown signals (PCSs) with and without pushbuttons based on pedestrian crashes and pedestrian injuries in Michigan. METHODOLOGY:This study used 10 years of intersection data-5 years before PCSs were installed and 5 years after they were installed-along...

journal_title：Traffic injury prevention

authors： Atta Boateng R,Kwigizile V,Oh JS

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00