Abstract:
:Rationale: Mathematical modeling is used to understand disease dynamics, forecast trends, and inform public health prioritization. We conducted a comparative analysis of tuberculosis (TB) epidemiology and potential intervention effects in California, using three previously developed epidemiologic models of TB.Objectives: To compare the influence of various modeling methods and assumptions on epidemiologic projections of domestic latent TB infection (LTBI) control interventions in California.Methods: We compared model results between 2005 and 2050 under a base-case scenario representing current TB services and alternative scenarios including: 1) sustained interruption of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) transmission, 2) sustained resolution of LTBI and TB prior to entry of new residents, and 3) one-time targeted testing and treatment of LTBI among 25% of non-U.S.-born individuals residing in California.Measurements and Main Results: Model estimates of TB cases and deaths in California were in close agreement over the historical period but diverged for LTBI prevalence and new Mtb infections-outcomes for which definitive data are unavailable. Between 2018 and 2050, models projected average annual declines of 0.58-1.42% in TB cases, without additional interventions. A one-time LTBI testing and treatment intervention among non-U.S.-born residents was projected to produce sustained reductions in TB incidence. Models found prevalent Mtb infection and migration to be more significant drivers of future TB incidence than local transmission.Conclusions: All models projected a stagnation in the decline of TB incidence, highlighting the need for additional interventions including greater access to LTBI diagnosis and treatment for non-U.S.-born individuals. Differences in model results reflect gaps in historical data and uncertainty in the trends of key parameters, demonstrating the need for high-quality, up-to-date data on TB determinants and outcomes.
journal_name
Am J Respir Crit Care Medauthors
Menzies NA,Parriott A,Shrestha S,Dowdy DW,Cohen T,Salomon JA,Marks SM,Hill AN,Winston CA,Asay GR,Barry P,Readhead A,Flood J,Kahn JG,Shete PBdoi
10.1164/rccm.201907-1289OCsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-02-01 00:00:00pages
356-365issue
3eissn
1073-449Xissn
1535-4970journal_volume
201pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In humans, respiratory viral infections lead to increased airway responsiveness and exacerbations of asthma. In the present study, the role of interleukin-5 (IL-5) in virus-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation was examined in guinea pigs. In animals treated with control antibody, parainfluenza-3 virus s...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.151.1.7812550
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been nearly a century since the first suggestion that a soluble factor in plasma or serum might be responsible for the symptoms of allergic disease and asthma, and more than 30 yr since immunoglobulin E (IgE) was identified as the key molecule in mediating what are now described as type 1 hypersensitivity react...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.164.supplement_1.2103024
更新日期:2001-10-15 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Pure oxygen causes more oxidative stress than room air in resuscitation of asphyctic neonates, and consequently could be associated with increased tissue damage. OBJECTIVES:To compare damage caused to heart and kidneys on reoxygenation in severely asphyctic term neonates resuscitated with room air (RAR) or 1...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/rccm.200412-1740OC
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent disorder in children, in which enlarged adenotonsillar tissues (AT) play a major pathophysiologic role. Mechanisms leading to the proliferation and hypertrophy of AT in children who subsequently develop OSA remain unknown, and surgical extirpation of AT is a...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200909-1398OC
更新日期:2010-05-15 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Outcome measures that integrate mortality and morbidity, like quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), have been proposed for critical care clinical trials. OBJECTIVES:We sought to describe the distribution of QALYs in critically ill patients and estimate sample size requirements for a hypothetical trial using Q...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201206-1057OC
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Measurements of upper airway size and shape are important in investigating the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and in devising, applying, and determining the effectiveness of treatment modalities. We describe an endoscopic optical technique (anatomic optical coherence tomography, aOCT) that ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200507-1148OC
更新日期:2006-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the influence of gender on the polysomnographic features of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in a retrospective study of 830 patients with OSA diagnosed by overnight polysomnography (PSG). The severity of OSA was determined from the apnea- hypopnea index (AHI) for total sleep time (AHI(TST)), and was classifi...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.161.5.9904121
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rationale: Diagnosis and monitoring of patients with pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) is currently difficult.Objectives: We aimed to develop a noninvasive imaging modality for PAH that tracks the infiltration of macrophages into the pulmonary vasculature, using a positron emission tomography (PET) agent, 68Ga-2-(p-...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201903-0639OC
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We review recent advances in the use of corticosteroids (CS) in pediatric lung disease. CS are frequently used, systemically or by inhalation. Their mechanisms of action in pulmonary diseases are ill defined. CS exert direct inhibitory effects on many inflammatory cells through genomic mechanisms. There is a time lag ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1164/rccm.201107-1174CI
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this prospective study was to detect subjects in the general population with objective signs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma at an early stage. This was done by means of a two-stage protocol involving screening and a subsequent 2-yr monitoring of all subjects with positive results ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.158.6.9709003
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Identification of patients with drug-resistant pathogens at initial diagnosis is essential for treatment of pneumonia. OBJECTIVES:To elucidate clinical features of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP), and to clarify risk factors for drug-resistant pathogens in patien...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201301-0079OC
更新日期:2013-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::The gender-and race-specific effects of asthma/wheeze on pulmonary function level and annual growth velocity were studied in a cohort of 10,792 white and 944 black children 6 to 18 yr of age, examined annually between 1974 and 1989 in six U.S. cities. In comparison with white boys who never reported asthma or wheeze, ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.149.5.8173760
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gold-induced pulmonary disease is difficult to diagnose, especially, in the case in which interstitial pneumonia appears in the course of gold therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. We analyzed the literature to define the clinical features and prognosis of gold-induced pulmonary disease, and to identify those features tha...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.155.3.9116980
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:There is growing evidence that resident cells, such as fibroblasts and epithelial cells, can drive the persistent accumulation of dendritic cells (DCs) in chronically inflamed tissue, leading to the organization and the maintenance of ectopic lymphoid aggregates. This phenomenon, occurring through a chemokine...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200609-1347OC
更新日期:2007-11-15 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The effect of early life wheezing on respiratory function and continued symptoms through adolescence has not been fully described. Using data from a population-based birth cohort in Tucson, Arizona, we previously described four phenotypes based on the occurrence of wheezing lower respiratory illnesses before ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200504-525OC
更新日期:2005-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::The human pleural space is lined by a single layer of mesothelial cells, the intracellular pH (pH(i)) of which has never been investigated. In the present study, the intrinsic buffering power of H+ ions (beta(i)) and the pH(i) regulatory systems were investigated in primary cultures of human pleural mesothelial cells ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.155.2.9032200
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the leading causes of gram-negative ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) associated with a mortality rate of 34 to 68%. Recent evidence suggests that P. aeruginosa in patients with VAP may persist in the alveolar space despite adequate antimicrobial therapy. We hypothesized t...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200802-239OC
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The epithelium of the paranasal sinuses produces nitric oxide (NO), which probably plays a major role in the nonspecific defense of these cavities through its bacteriostatic and cilia motility stimulation properties. Abundant eosinophils of nasal polyps potentially generate superoxide anion (O2-*), but NO and O2-* ina...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.163.1.2002125
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) is elevated in patients with inflammatory pulmonary diseases and it has attracted increasing interest as a simple, noninvasive marker of airway inflammation. Little is known, however, about factors that might affect eNO in healthy subjects. We measured eNO in 157 healthy 7- to 13-yr-old chil...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.159.1.9804134
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of addition of montelukast to inhaled fluticasone propionate (FP) therapy, compared with FP therapy alone (100 microg twice a day) on airway immunopathology in individuals with mild asthma. Twenty-eight subjects received FP (100 microg twice a day) or FP (100 microg t...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/rccm.200208-783OC
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the source of intravascular fat in systemic organs (brain, heart, and kidney) after massive pulmonary fat embolism during cemented arthroplasty. We used a bilateral cemented arthroplasty (BCA) in anesthetized mongrel dogs that simulates a cemented total-hip replacement procedure. We hypothesized that d...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.150.5.7952570
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Defective efferocytosis (phagocytic clearance of apoptotic cells) in the airway may perpetuate inflammation via secondary necrosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We have previously reported that low-dose azithromycin improved alveolar macrophage (AM) phagocytic function in vitro. OBJECTIVES...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200711-1666OC
更新日期:2008-07-15 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, fatal interstitial lung disease (ILD) characterized by abnormal extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. We hypothesized that ECM remodeling might result in a plasma profile of proteins specific for IPF that could distinguish patients with IPF from other idi...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201505-0862OC
更新日期:2016-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::The failure of patients to adhere to physician-prescribed regimens, either pharmacologic or behavioral, has been well documented in medical literature. Poor adherence to asthma medication regimens has been repeatedly demonstrated in both children and adults, with rates of nonadherence commonly reported from 30 to 70%....
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1164/ajrccm/149.2_Pt_2.S69
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated 116 Italian atopic families (560 individuals) for linkage with 13 DNA markers on chromosome 12. All the subjects were phenotyped for asthma, total serum IgE, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, skin-prick positivity to common aeroallergens, and atopy. A relative location map of the markers was prepared from...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.162.4.9909031
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Until recently it was thought that age greater than 35 yr was the main risk factor for the development of drug-induced hepatitis (DIH) in patients receiving antituberculosis therapy. We conducted a study to determine whether infection with either the hepatitis C virus or the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were sig...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.157.6.9711039
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Asthma in children and young adults is strongly associated with immediate hypersensitivity to indoor allergens, notably those derived from the house dust mite. In addition, outdoor air pollution is considered to aggravate existing asthma. We investigated the prevalence of asthma and the pattern of allergen sensitizati...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.151.5.7735590
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Decreases in gastric mucosal pH (pHi) are associated with splanchnic hypoxia in animals and with increased mortality in patients. In the present study we measured changes in gastric pHi with a tonometer in septic patients after a short-term infusion of dobutamine. These changes were compared with concurrent alteration...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.150.2.8049810
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In normal airways, invasion of small numbers of pathogenic bacteria will not give rise to injury or local colonization. In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, however, local conditions are changed, which may impair local defense systems and facilitate infection. These include: (1) factors promoting bacterial adhere...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.151.6.7767560
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Inhaled human insulin (INH; Exubera [human insulin (recombinant DNA origin) Inhalation Powder]) causes small changes in pulmonary function and increases in insulin antibodies compared with subcutaneous (SC) insulin. OBJECTIVES:To investigate the relationship between changes in pulmonary function and insulin ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/rccm.200512-1861OC
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00