Abstract：
INTRODUCTION:A mythical Pyramid of Learning, usually attributed to Edgar Dale (or the National Training Laboratories [NTL]) and giving student learning retention rates, has been cited in a wide range of educational literature. A 2013 literature review indicated that medical education literature similarly cites this Pyramid. It was hoped that highlighting this myth in that review would reduce references to the Pyramid in future medical education literature. This study aimed at determining what change in Pyramid citation has occurred in the past 5 years. METHODS:A documented literature review, following the same process as the original review, was conducted. The search dates were September 2012 to April 2018, and the databases were Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, Medline and Google Scholar. Sources were from peer-reviewed journals or conferences, in English. RESULTS:From an initial search result of 992 documents, 41 were found to match the criteria. Trends discovered are: the number of Pyramid citations in medical education literature is increasing dramatically, new sources of the Pyramid are now being used, refutations of the Pyramid are being used to support it, and even researchers who acknowledge the weakness of the Pyramid still cite it. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION:In spite of the 2013 review, the situation has become worse. One possible reason is that refutations use too polite academic wording, and other researchers then consider the Pyramid to be merely "disputed" or "debated." To kill the myth of the Pyramid, it is necessary for this article's Abstract to state unequivocally: The Pyramid is rubbish, the statistics are rubbish, and they do not come from Edgar Dale. Until the NTL can provide details about the original research, their version must also be treated as rubbish.
journal_name
Med Educjournal_title
Medical educationauthors
Masters Kdoi
10.1111/medu.13813subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-01-01 00:00:00pages
22-32issue
1eissn
0308-0110issn
1365-2923journal_volume
54pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the current status of teaching on spirituality in medicine in UK medical schools and to establish if and how medical schools are preparing future doctors to identify patients' spiritual needs. METHODS:We carried out a national questionnaire survey using a 2-part questionnaire. Section A contai...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2007.02980.x
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Europe, tropical pathology is usually taught in special short courses, intended for those planning to practise in developing countries. The theoretical knowledge to be assimilated during this short period is considerable, and turning such newly acquired knowledge into competence is difficult. Kabisa is a computer-b...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1997.tb02568.x
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The General Medical Council's document 'Tomorrow's Doctors' (1993, GMC, London) recommended major changes in the undergraduate curricula of UK medical schools. In Nottingham, the fourth-year psychiatric attachment became shorter in duration, and interactive, problem-oriented, workshop-based learning replaced lectures....
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.1998.00162.x
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The work of five principals in a teaching general practice was audited to examine differences in prescribing, investigation and follow-up between teaching and service work over a 3-week period. The patients seen in clinical teaching were found to be representative of those consulting in normal service sessions for bot...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1981.tb02407.x
更新日期：1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Medical students are allocated little curriculum time for exposure to expert systems. ESTA, a computer model of an expert system, was developed to make best use of this time. The nature of the students' interaction with ESTA is described, and their reactions to the expert system concepts and the place of expert system...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1988.tb00418.x
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Positive interpersonal relationships between teachers and learners increase the quality of learning. The purpose of this study was to investigate psychological size (perceived status) and psychological distance (perceived emotional connectedness) in medical teaching interactions and their impact on the teach...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2929.2004.01952.x
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:Adapting web-based (WB) instruction to learners' individual differences may enhance learning. Objectives This study aimed to investigate aptitude-treatment interactions between learning and cognitive styles and WB instructional methods. METHODS:We carried out a factorial, randomised, controlled, crossover, pos...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2007.02822.x
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:Near-peer and faculty staff tutors may facilitate problem-based learning (PBL) through different means. Near-peer tutors are thought to compensate for their lack of subject matter expertise with greater adeptness at group facilitation and a better understanding of their learners. However, theoretical explanatio...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/medu.12969
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is evidence that nurses fulfil the requirements of objective judgement better than doctors. Simulation of Initial Medical Problem-Solving (SIMP), a paper-and-pencil test for the assessment of medical problem-solving, consists of case histories, followed by an open-ended question. The scoring of open-ended questi...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1989.tb01564.x
更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although computer marking of MCQ papers is common practice and is popular because of its accuracy, speed and the fact that detailed statistical analysis can be carried out painlessly, there is still a major role for hand-scoring. A computer and computer time are not always immediately available and some form of data c...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1983.tb01111.x
更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study sought to explore the following questions: (1) Do residents perceive training focused on infancy and early childhood care issues as more clinically applicable than training focused on care of older children and adolescents? (2) Do residents at different training levels differ in their evaluation of behaviou...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1989.tb00900.x
更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Medical schools vary by nation and by culture but, for students, the experience appears to be very similar. Also, despite a half-century of radical changes in medical practice, education as a process of socialization for the profession is relatively unchanged. At the same time, medical educators have frequently instit...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1989.tb01538.x
更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Medical school teachers must have an accurate idea of the doctor's clinical reasoning process (CRP) in order to provide students with learning experiences and evaluations that will ensure their acquisition of an effective and efficient CRP. It is difficult to derive this understanding from much that has been written o...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1987.tb00671.x
更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:Trainees in undergraduate and postgraduate medical education engage in multiple transitions as part of the educational process, including many transitions that occur on both periodic and daily bases within medical education programmes. The clinical rotation, based on either a medical discipline or clinical care...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2010.03847.x
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In September 1974 candidates who had taken a computerized patient managment problem examination (CPMP), as part of the certification process in paediatrics required by the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, completed a questionnaire designed to elicit their reactions to CPMPs. The results indicated th...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1976.tb01494.x
更新日期：1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Information about medical students' lifestyles was obtained from 785 second-year students from seven medical schools in Great Britain by a personally administered questionnaire. Fifteen per cent of the students were non-drinkers. Among those who drank, 48% of the men and 38% of the women exceeded sensible weekly limit...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.1998.00204.x
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eighty-two house-physicians filled in a questionnaire concerning the care of self-poisoning patients with special emphasis on training and attitudes. These recently qualified doctors dealt with large numbers of such patients and expressed dissatisfaction with their training in this respect. Hostile attitudes towards t...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1981.tb02500.x
更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a study of the development of professional attitudes in medical students, a modified version of the Medical Attitudes Inventory (Harris, 1974) was administered to 141 male and female first year medical students in Lagos, Nigeria. The results show that the students have well-defined attitudes on certain issues and a...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1978.tb01417.x
更新日期：1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study investigated the relationship between perceived family support and coping efficacy in premedical (i.e. prior to entering medical school) students, an understudied subset of undergraduate students who are particularly at risk for academia- related stress. The relationships between students' perceive...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2008.03091.x
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In achieving a more effective use of resources in the National Health Service (NHS), the medical profession has a role to play by improving cost efficiency in clinical practice. This role implies that doctors should have some knowledge of medical costs. In order to determine the extent of this knowledge, sixty-seven h...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1985.tb01150.x
更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Modern postgraduate medical training requires both accurate and reliable selection procedures. An essential first step is to conduct detailed job analysis studies. This paper reports data on a series of job analyses to develop a competency model for three secondary care specialties (anaesthesia, obstetrics an...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2008.03174.x
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:The study's first aim was to assess the emotional impact of cadaver dissection on first year medical students using the newly developed Appraisal of Life Events Scale (ALE). Its secondary aim was to evaluate the validity of the ALE by comparing it with the Impact of Events Scale (IOE). SETTING:Division of Biomedic...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.2002.01235.x
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:Accreditation of medical education programmes is becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide, but beyond the face validity of these quality assurance methods, data linking accreditation to improved student outcomes are limited. Mexico and the Philippines both have voluntary systems of medical education accreditat...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2011.04212.x
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many factors play a part in determining the performance of students in examinations, but the extent to which students use library facilities does not appear to have been recently considered as a factor, in medicine or in any other academic subject. In this study, the number of books borrowed from the library by underg...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1996.tb00732.x
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Patients in inner-city areas come from increasingly diverse language and cultural backgrounds. Neither communications training modelled on local English speakers nor the provision of interpreters offer adequate solutions. AIM:To identify how patients with limited English and culturally different communicati...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2929.2005.02121.x
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper has reported some aspects of an analysis of the correlates of success in candidates' first attempts at the postgraduate psychiatric examinations of the R.A.N.Z.C.P. These are developed to suggest some attributes which selectors of trainees could take into account. Profitable future areas for research are de...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1981.tb02482.x
更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was undertaken to clarify the goals of the clinical general practitioner attachment scheme at the University of Queensland. Emphasis was placed on comparing the aims of the academics, the general practitioner preceptors and the students. Prior to the 2-week attachments students selected a different set of g...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1980.tb02392.x
更新日期：1980-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To determine the feasibility and effectiveness of shared hospital and general practice clinical teaching for medical undergraduates. DESIGN:A multifaceted approach employing quantitative and qualitative techniques. SETTING:All medical schools in North Thames Region. SUBJECTS:Students, GP tutors and hospit...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.2001.00763.x
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Progress testing is a form of longitudinal examination which, in principle, samples at regular intervals from the complete domain of knowledge considered a requirement for medical students on completion of the undergraduate programme. Over the course of the programme students improve their scores on the test...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2929.2004.02060.x
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:The importance of training health professionals for work in an ethnically diverse society is increasingly recognized. However, health educators may lack confidence or experience in delivering such teaching, contributing to a self-perpetuating inertia. OBJECTIVES:To identify current experience and challenges...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.2001.00880.x
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
