Abstract:
:Due to the globalization and computerization of financial and economic activities, numerous repetitive leveraged investments have become possible in stock markets and currency exchanges. In reality, repeated leveraged investments up to 100 times/day are possible via online access. With computer-aided programs, this repetition number may easily increase 1000 times/day. The possibility of bankruptcy in repeated leveraged investments has never been considered in actual practices because the probability of bankruptcy in a single investment trial is almost negligible. Here, we show that the extremely numerous repetitions have a considerable chance of bankruptcy overall, even if the probability of bankruptcy for a single investment is extremely close to zero. The exact relationship between the repetitions and the probability of bankruptcy is approximated well by n(0.63) = m, where 10n is the number of repetitions, 10-m is the bankruptcy probability of a single investment, and n(0.63) is the 63% chance of bankruptcy. Thus, extremely rare events can always lead to bankruptcy in continuously repeated investment, even if the possibility of such an event is almost null. We suggest that the avoidance measure of bankruptcy is necessary in numerous repeated investments even if a single trial is almost certain to win.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Nii M,Okabe T,Ito H,Morita S,Yasuda Y,Yoshimura Jdoi
10.1038/s41598-019-50237-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-09-24 00:00:00pages
13745issue
1issn
2045-2322pii
10.1038/s41598-019-50237-6journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Inflammatory and cardiovascular biomarkers have been associated with obesity, but little is known about how they change upon dietary intervention and concomitant weight loss. Further, protein biomarkers might be useful for predicting weight loss in overweight and obese individuals. We performed secondary analyses in t...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-64636-7
更新日期:2020-05-13 00:00:00
abstract::An on-going debate concerning the dietary adaptations of archaic hominins and early Homo has been fuelled by contradictory inferences obtained using different methodologies. This work presents an extensive comparative sample of 30 extant primate species that was assembled to perform a morpho-functional comparison of t...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-63739-5
更新日期:2020-04-22 00:00:00
abstract::Hurricane Patricia in 2015 was the strongest Pacific hurricane to make landfall in Mexico. Although Patricia fortuitously spared major cities, it reminded us of the threat tropical cyclones (TCs) pose in the eastern North Pacific (ENP) and the importance of improving our understanding and prediction of ENP TCs. Patric...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-01962-3
更新日期:2017-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper. ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-34064-9
更新日期:2018-10-18 00:00:00
abstract::Heterostructures consisting of two-dimensional materials have shown new physical phenomena, novel electronic and optical properties, and new device concepts not observed in bulk material systems or purely three dimensional heterostructures. These new effects originated mostly from the van der Waals interaction between...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep14374
更新日期:2015-09-23 00:00:00
abstract::Surface incident solar radiation (Rs) of reanalysis products is widely used in ecological conservation, agricultural production, civil engineering and various solar energy applications. It is of great importance to have a good knowledge of the uncertainty of reanalysis Rs products. In this study, we evaluated the Rs e...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-60460-1
更新日期:2020-02-26 00:00:00
abstract::Hologram memory is expected to be the next-generation of optical data storage technology. Bismuth-substituted yttrium iron garnet is typically used for rewritable magnetic hologram media. The diffraction efficiency of magnetic holography depends on the Faraday rotation angle, but the experimental diffraction efficienc...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-12442-z
更新日期:2017-10-09 00:00:00
abstract::Primordial germ cells (PGCs), the embryonic precursors of the sperm and egg, are used for the introduction of genetic modifications into avian genome. Introduction of small defined sequences using genome editing has not been demonstrated in bird species. Here, we compared oligonucleotide-mediated HDR using wild type S...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-33244-x
更新日期:2018-10-11 00:00:00
abstract::Group-IVa elements silicon and germanium are known for their semiconducting properties at room temperature, which are technologically critical. Metallicity and superconductivity are found at higher pressures only, Ge β-tin (tI4) being the first high-pressure metallic phase in the phase diagram. However, recent experim...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep01466
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To elucidate the temporal changes in the radiocesium distribution in forests contaminated by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident, we monitored the 137Cs concentration and inventory within forests from 2011 to 2015 across nine plots containing variable tree species and different contamination levels. The...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-08261-x
更新日期:2017-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper, large area and deep sub-wavelength interference patterns are realized experimentally by using odd surface plasmon modes in the metal/insulator/metal structure. Theoretical investigation shows that the odd modes possesses much higher transversal wave vector and great inhibition of tangential electric fie...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep30450
更新日期:2016-07-28 00:00:00
abstract::The Leading Edge Vortex (LEV) is a universal mechanism enhancing lift in flying organisms. LEVs, generally illustrated as a single vortex attached to the wing throughout the downstroke, have not been studied quantitatively in freely flying insects. Previous findings are either qualitative or from flappers and tethered...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep03264
更新日期:2013-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::Spontaneous or treatment induced seroconversion in chronic HBV infection is rare and generation of anti-HBs antibodies is the current goal of HBV therapeutics. Here we investigated B and follicular T helper (Tfh) cell defects that persist in HBV infection despite long-term nucleos(t)ide analog (NUC) treatment and poss...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-33719-x
更新日期:2018-10-17 00:00:00
abstract::Recent severe European droughts raise the vital question: are we already experiencing measurable changes in drought likelihood that agree with climate change projections? The plethora of drought definitions compounds this question, requiring instead that we ask: how have various types of drought changed, how do these ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-14283-2
更新日期:2017-10-25 00:00:00
abstract::The PDZ domain-containing scaffold protein, syntenin-1, binds to the transmembrane proteoglycan, syndecan-4, but the molecular mechanism/function of this interaction are unknown. Crystal structure analysis of syntenin-1/syndecan-4 cytoplasmic domains revealed that syntenin-1 forms a symmetrical pair of dimers anchored...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep36818
更新日期:2016-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::Lung cancer is the leading cause of death among all malignancies due to rapid tumor progression and relapse; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms of tumor progression are unclear. In the present study, we identified ANKRD22 as a novel tumor-associated gene in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). According to th...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-04818-y
更新日期:2017-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::Here we proposed a novel architectural design of a ternary MnO2-based electrode - a hierarchical Co3O4@Pt@MnO2 core-shell-shell structure, where the complemental features of the three key components (a well-defined Co3O4 nanowire array on the conductive Ti substrate, an ultrathin layer of small Pt nanoparticles, and a...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep02978
更新日期:2013-10-17 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the performance of CSF biomarkers for predicting risk of clinical decline and conversion to dementia in non-demented patients with cognitive symptoms. CSF samples from patients in two multicentre longitudinal studies (ADNI, n = 619; BioFINDER, n = 431) were analysed. Aβ(1-42), tTau and pTau CSF concentrat...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-54204-z
更新日期:2019-12-13 00:00:00
abstract::Quantum Zeno effect shows that frequent observations can slow down or even stop the unitary time evolution of an unstable quantum system. This effect can also be regarded as a physical consequence of the statistical indistinguishability of neighboring quantum states. The accessibility of quantum Zeno dynamics under un...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep11509
更新日期:2015-06-23 00:00:00
abstract::Autism is a common and often severe neurodevelopmental disorder for which diverse pathophysiological processes have been proposed. Recent gene expression data comparing autistic and control brains suggest that the normal differential gene expression between frontal and temporal cortex is attenuated in autistic brains....
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep01831
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) is a rare and progressive disease with low incidence and prevalence, and elevated mortality. PAH is characterized by increased mean pulmonary artery pressure. The aim of this study was to analyse patients with combined mutations in BMPR2, ACVRL1, ENG and KCNA5 genes and to establi...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep33570
更新日期:2016-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Fibrillar collagen COL6α3 in adipose tissue has been associated with obesity, inflammation, insulin resistance and cancer. We here aimed to identify novel transcriptional regulators of COL6A3 expression. Based on a transcriptome dataset of adipose tissue, we identified strong correlations for 56 genes with COL6A3 mRNA...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-77406-2
更新日期:2020-11-19 00:00:00
abstract::We summarized published data on the associations of apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene ε2/ε3/ε4 polymorphism with both cancer risk and circulating lipid profiles, aiming to examine the causal relevance between lipids and cancer risk. Article identification and data abstraction were conducted in duplicate and independently b...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1038/srep09495
更新日期:2015-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::Breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) located at chromosome 17q12-21 is a classic tumor suppressor gene, and has been considered as a significant role in hereditary breast cancers. Moreover, numerous studies demonstrated the methylation status of CpG islands in the promoter regions of BRCA1 gene was aberrant in ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1038/srep17869
更新日期:2015-12-08 00:00:00
abstract::Present study aimed to estimate the incidence of recurrent SARS-CoV-2 RNA positivity after recovery from COVID-19 and to determine the factors associated with recurrent positivity. We searched the PubMed, MedRxiv, BioRxiv, the Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the World Health Organization International Clinic...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-77739-y
更新日期:2020-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::A brain-computer interface (BCI) or brain-machine interface is a technology that enables the control of a computer and other external devices using signals from the brain. This technology has been tested in paralysed patients, such as those with cervical spinal cord injuries or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, but it ha...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-20125-6
更新日期:2018-01-29 00:00:00
abstract::The present study examined different types of neurological signs in patients with first-episode schizophrenia and their relationships with neurocognitive functions. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal designs were adopted with the use of the abridged Cambridge Neurological Inventory which comprises items capturing m...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep11850
更新日期:2015-07-02 00:00:00
abstract::Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) are classified as cationic surfactants, and are known for their biocidal activity. However, their modes of action are thus far not completely understood. In this study, we synthesized a gemini QAC, PMT12-BF4 and found that it exerted unsurpassed broad-spectrum antifungal activity a...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-59750-5
更新日期:2020-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::PICK1 (protein interacting with C-kinase 1) is a peripheral membrane protein that interacts with diverse membrane proteins. PICK1 has been shown to regulate the clustering and membrane localization of synaptic receptors such as AMPA (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) receptors, metabotropic glutama...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep20924
更新日期:2016-02-12 00:00:00
abstract::Bioavailability of α-tocopherol varies with source, dose and duration of supplementation. The effect of source and dose of α-tocopherol on response of α-tocopherol stereoisomers in plasma and tissues of mink kits during the weaning period was studied. Twelve mink kits were euthanised in CO2 at the beginning of the exp...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-80902-0
更新日期:2021-01-29 00:00:00