[The role of hospital environment and the hands of medical staff in the transmission of the Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile infection].

Abstract:

:This paper attempts to determine the role of the hospital environment in the spread of Clostridioides/Clostridium (C.) difficile infections based on a review of studies published in the medical literature and in the light of the authors' own experiences. Clostridioides/Clostridium difficile has recently attracted more and more attention, not only as an etiological factor of pseudomembranous intestinal inflammation and antibiotic associated diarrhea, but also as an etiologic factor of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) because of the possibility to survive in the hospital environment for a long time. This is caused by the production of spores, whose eradication options are limited. Clostridioides/Clostridium difficile spores are present not only on bedding of infected patients and their other belongings, but also on medical equipment and the hands of medical personnel, constituting a potential source of infection for other patients and some of the staff. The introduction of appropriate procedures for hand hygiene as well as for cleaning and disinfection of hospital surfaces makes it possible to reduce the number of spores and/or eradicate them. These procedures must be strictly followed to reduce the occurrence of spores in the hospital environment and to prevent further spread of C. difficile infections (CDI). Monitoring the presence of the C. difficile spores in a hospital environment using appropriate media (C diff Banana BrothTM) provides additional opportunities for culturing of C. difficile strains and determining ribotypes, especially hyperepidemic ones, which is extremely important from an epidemiological point of view. Med Pr. 2019;70(6):739-45. :W artykule podjęto próbę określenia roli środowiska szpitalnego w szerzeniu się zakażeń Clostridioides/Clostridium (C.) difficile na podstawie przeglądu wyników badań opublikowanych w literaturze medycznej i własnych doświadczeń. Clostridium difficile ostatnio przyciąga coraz więcej uwagi, nie tylko jako czynnik etiologiczny rzekomobłoniastego zapalenia jelit i biegunek poantybiotykowych, ale także – ze względu na zdolność przetrwania w środowisku szpitalnym przez długi czas – jako przyczyna zakażeń związanych z opieką zdrowotną. Jest to spowodowane wytwarzaniem przez C. difficile przetrwalników – spor, których możliwości zwalczania są dość ograniczone. Spory C. difficile obecne są nie tylko na pościeli i innych przedmiotach należących do zakażonych pacjentów. Bytują także na sprzęcie medycznym i dłoniach personelu, które stanowią źródło zakażenia zarówno dla innych pacjentów, jak i dla części personelu. Wprowadzenie odpowiednich procedur higieny/mycia rąk oraz sprzątania i dezynfekcji powierzchni szpitalnych umożliwia zmniejszenie liczby spor i/lub ich eradykację. Procedur tych należy skrupulatnie przestrzegać w celu ograniczenia występowania spor w środowisku szpitalnym i zapobiegania dalszemu szerzeniu się zakażeń C. difficile (Clostridium difficile infection – CDI). Monitorowanie obecności spor C. difficile w środowisku szpitalnym z zastosowaniem odpowiednich podłóż (C diff Banana BrothTM) daje dodatkowe możliwości wyhodowania szczepów C. difficile i określenia rybotypów, zwłaszcza hiperepidemicznych, co jest niezmiernie ważne z punktu widzenia epidemiologicznego. Med. Pr. 2019;70(6):739–745.

journal_name

Med Pr

journal_title

Medycyna pracy

authors

Kabała M,Aptekorz M,Martirosian G

doi

10.13075/mp.5893.00856

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-12-03 00:00:00

pages

739-745

issue

6

eissn

0465-5893

issn

2353-1339

pii

109425

journal_volume

70

pub_type

杂志文章,评审
  • [Noise-induced risks at workstations in Poland and other European Union countries].

    abstract::Noise is one of the most common physical risks in the workplace. Long term exposure to its high levels (above 80-85 dB) can pose a significant threat to health of workers, including hearing loss. Noise can also be a burdensome factor hampering work, causing stress and various health problems. In the European Union abo...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Augustyńska D,Pleban D,Radosz J

    更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00

  • Health promotion--the rationale and the obstacles in workplaces with different employment and financial soundness.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:This paper presents the prevalence of health promotion in workplaces in Poland. It characterises the undertaken ac tions, their rationale and perceived obstacles. It analyses the diversity of these phenomena in the companies of different financial soundness and level of employment. MATERIAL AND METHODS:The ...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.13075/mp.5893.2013.0076

    authors: Puchalski K,Korzeniowska E

    更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00

  • [Effect of EDTA on the activity of aminolevulinic dehydratase in vitro and in vivo].

    abstract::To blood samples taken from persons who are not exposed to the effect of lead, ions Pb++ were added. Then lowering of the activity of aminolevulinic dehydratase (ALAD) in proportion to an amount of lead added was observed. Parallel introduction of ions Pb++ and EDTA prevented a significant lowering of ALAD activity. T...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Kiereś H

    更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00

  • [Development of criteria and identification of areas most hazardous for the health of the population due to chemicals present in the environment. II. Choice of health indicators and synthetic taxonomic measures].

    abstract::The aim of the study was: 1. to choose health indicators related with hazards caused by chemicals in order to identify areas of the greatest health hazards, following the criteria proposed in Part I; 2. to apply different methods of variable aggregation, to evaluate their efficency and to choose a method most useful f...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Indulski JA,Andryszek C

    更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00

  • [Influence of shift work on the diet and gastrointestinal complains among nurses. A pilot study].

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The work of nurses in hospitals is connected with shift and night work. Numerous publications suggest that shift work is responsible for some gastrointestinal disturbances (heartburn, dyspepsia, loss of appetite, stomach pain). It is not yet conclusive whether shift and night work is responsible for more fre...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Bilski B

    更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00

  • [Effects of petroleum derivatives and psychological stress on eye changes in prospective studies].

    abstract::Prospective study of workers exposed to simultaneous action of petroleum derivatives and psychic stress proved statistically remarkable differences between the first study and control study (after two years) as related to macular degeneration and opacification of the lens. So far, the results do not seem to point to t...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Krawczykowa Z,Goś R,Orzeł H,Czajkowski J,Trzciński J,Stepień J,Pleszak J,Ekman Z,Jarmak A,Berner B

    更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00

  • [Evaluation of the nervous system in workers as needed for preventive examinations. Methodology. I. Subjective examinations].

    abstract::A model for taking a case history useful in the preliminary evaluation of the nervous system is proposed. The evaluation is to be made by physicians/working in the occupational health services who are not neurologists. Guidelines how to take a case history are given and some questions are thoroughly discussed. The mos...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Polakowska B

    更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00

  • [The influence of chemical and physical factors in the work environment on the amount of risk for abnormal pregnancy outcome].

    abstract::The authors present a review of the literature on adverse effects of chemical and physical factors in the work environment on the course and outcome of pregnancy together with the results of their own study. The objective of the study was to identify the magnitude and frequency of exposures to chemical and physical fa...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Makowiec-Dabrowska T,Radwan-Włodarczyk Z,Koszada-Włodarczyk W,Siedlecka J,Wilczyński J

    更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00

  • [Local-action vibration and mechanical stress--their hygienic characteristics and medical evaluation of exposed workers].

    abstract::Medical examination and assessment of the hand-transmitted vibration and mechanical shocks were performed in 69 workers using chipping hammers, grinding tools, pneumatic hammers and forge hammers. Out of the 15 chippers examined, 5 presented vibration-induced white finger syndrome. The latency period for the syndrome ...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Harazin B,Langauer-Lewowicka H

    更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00

  • Activity of rat blood cholinesterases following exposure of the animals to increased environmental temperature.

    abstract::The acetylcholinesterase activity of erythrocytes was investigated and compared with cholinesterase activity of the blood plasma in rats exposed to elevated temperature of the environment. The rats were kept in a thermic chamber with regulated temperature, forced air flow and controlled moisture of 55-19%. The applied...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Suliński A,Wanowska W,Bicz W

    更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00

  • [Effect of peripheral thermoregulation on the results of various studies used in the diagnosis of the vibration syndrome].

    abstract::The paper constitutes some attempt of evaluating the relationships between individual peripheral thermoregulation and results of tests routinely applied for diagnosing the vibration syndrome (cooling test, thermometry, palesthesiometry, capillaroscopy, isotopic capillary flow, thermography at rest). In a group of 126 ...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Langauer-Lewowicka H

    更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00

  • Occupational diseases among workers employed in various branches of the national economy.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:The purpose is to present the incidence of occupational diseases and their causal factors in the sections and divisions of the national economy in Poland. MATERIAL AND METHODS:The analysis is based on the cases of occupational diseases obligatorily reported in 2009-2011 from all over the country to the Ce...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Szeszenia-Dabrowska N,Wilczyńska U

    更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00

  • [Activity of acid phosphatase in saliva of industrial workers exposed to fluorine compounds].

    abstract::Assuming that fluorine is a strong inhibitor of phosphatases, the activity of acid phosphatase in the saliva of 42 phosphorus fertilizers plant workers was studied. The workers were chronically exposed to fluorine compounds. Saliva had been collected for studies before the workers entered the productive plant and afte...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Kreglewska B,Afeltowicz E,Zajaczkowska-Białowas L,Nowicka J

    更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00

  • [Problems related to studies on the mortality of industrial workers exemplified by observations of persons exposed to asbestos dust].

    abstract::The most significant problems strictly connected with studies of mortality in industrial cohorts are: selection of reference population, obtention of data for cohorts in historically prospective studies (completeners and reliability of sources of information on employment and death), determination of exposure in retro...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Szeszenia-Dabrowska N,Wilczyńska U

    更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00

  • [Mental evaluation after chronic exposure to tetrachloroethylene].

    abstract::With the aim of determining the effects of chronic occupational exposure to Per upon the selected intellectual and psychomotor functions two groups of workers have been examined. The proper group was that of chemical laundry workers exposed to Per (concentrations within TLVs and above). The control group was composed ...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Bazylewicz-Walczak B,Marszał-Wiśniewska M

    更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00

  • [Risk of occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens in paramedics].

    abstract::Paramedics constitute a group of professionals who are constantly exposed to potentially infectious biological material through frequent and close contact with patients, possibly resulting in occupationally acquired infections. The paper's objective has been to assess the occupational risk regarding blood-borne infect...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.13075/mp.5893.00741

    authors: Gańczak M,Topczewska K

    更新日期:2018-12-18 00:00:00

  • [A quality assessment of prophylactic examinations carried out by physicians of various specializations and qualifications among employees in the Pomorskie Voivodeship in the years 2005-2008].

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The quality assessment of the prophylactic examinations of employees in the context of professional qualifications of physicians, presented by the authors, distinguished four groups of physicians legally entitled to conduct these examinations: physicians specialized in occupational medicine or with equivalen...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Parszuto J,Zagozdzon P,Bogdan J,Scisło E,Korczak-Michałowska A

    更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00

  • [Risk of cardiovascular diseases in lead-exposed workers of crystal glassworks. Part II. Lead impact on the cardiovascular system based on ultrasound assessment of carotid arteries, electrocardiograms and ankle-brachial index].

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most common causes of the prevalence and mortality in the general population. Progressing pollution of the environment, as well as occupational exposure to heavy metals, including lead, may potentially accelerate the development of these disorders. Lead is a well known ...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Doroszko A,Skoczyńska A,Drozdz K,Kreczyńska B

    更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00

  • [Neurologic and neurophysiologic examinations of workers occupationally exposed to aluminium].

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Studies conducted to assess aluminum (Al)-induced toxicity to humans and environment. It has been implicated that Al is involved in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders, though this is controversial. The aim of the present study was to assess Al effects on the nervous sys...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Sińczuk-Walczak H,Matczak W,Raźniewska G,Szymczak M

    更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00

  • [Hospitality workers' exposure to environmental tobacco smoke before and after implementation of smoking ban in public places: a review of epidemiological studies].

    abstract::Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure induces serious negative health consequences, of which the increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, respiratory symptoms and poor pregnancy outcomes appear to be most important. Taking into account those health consequences of ETS exposure most countries have introd...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Polańska K,Hanke W,Konieczko K

    更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00

  • [Problems in the evaluation of miners' exposure to radon in Poland in view of international organizations recommendations and European Union directives].

    abstract::Exposure of miners to natural radiation in which radon-222 plays the major role has been studied in Poland since the end of the nineteen sixties. The work environment measurements and personal monitoring methods have been developed for monitoring the exposure. A quite wide range of doses resulting from big differences...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Chruścielewski W,Liniecki J,Jankowski J

    更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00

  • [The role of formaldehyde in the occurrence of contact allergy].

    abstract::The authors present the major sources of formaldehyde, and discuss the incidence of contact allergy to this compound in Poland and throughout the world. The attention was turned to an increasing trend in the incidence of allergy in question, as well as to the problem of cross-sensitization to other chemical compounds ...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Krecisz B,Kieć-Swierczyńska M

    更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00

  • [Petroleum substances--human health hazards. I. Classification of petroleum substances on the list of dangerous substances and assessment of existing hazards].

    abstract::Complex products derived from petroleum are widely used as fuels, greases, solvents, and intermediates in many branches of industry. Petroleum exposure-related human health hazards, observed in occupationally exposed people and in the general population, are a serious sanitary problem. Complex and variable composition...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Konieczko K

    更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00

  • [The way the quality of health services is perceived and treated by the managerial personnel of public hospitals].

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Managerial knowledge and skills as well as profound understanding of goals and objectives of management determine the effectiveness and efficiency in all areas of managerial activities. In particular, this applies to the quality of healthcare services, perceived as a compliance between the effects (of medica...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.13075/mp.5893.00233

    authors: Rybarczyk-Szwajkowska A,Cichońska D,Holly R

    更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00

  • [Asbestos substitutes and their biological effects. 3. Carcinogenic effects of synthetic amphiboles in animal experiments].

    abstract::This work presents the results of the test performed on rats to evaluate the carcinogenic effect of 4 synthetic amphiboles compared to that of the natural amphibole--crocidolite. The dose of the magnesium amphibole (Na2Mg6Si8(OH)2) administered to the animals contained 240 x 10(6) respirable fibres; the corresponding ...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Woźniak H,Wiecek E,Stetkiewicz J,Lao I,Krajnow A,Roszkowicz A

    更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00

  • [Allergy to isothiazolinones in recent years].

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Isothiazolinones are preservatives which are present in cosmetics, household chemicals and many other industrial products. Initially, a mixture of methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI - Kathon CG) was used, and then, from the beginning of the 21st century, only methylisothiazolinone....

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.13075/mp.5893.01037

    authors: Kieć-Świerczyńska M,Nowakowska-Świrta E

    更新日期:2020-09-24 00:00:00

  • [Can angiography system with large-area flat digital panel induce higher irradiation in a patient during coronary angiography].

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Nowadays, angiography systems with flat digital panel are used in cardiology and invasive radiology as the detector of irradiation. The so called universal systems with a magnified panel are becoming more common. In this study we tried to find out whether in practice the increased surface area of detectors m...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Derkacz A,Poreba R,Doroszko A,Magott-Derkacz A,Steinmetz-Beck A,Szełemej R,Andrzejak R

    更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00

  • [Results of rehabilitation treatment of periarticular inflammation of the shoulder].

    abstract::Active treatment and ergotherapy were evaluated in 34 patients, manual workers, afflicted with periarticular inflammation of the shoulder. The periarticular inflammation of the shoulder was found to attack those performing hard manual work and some stereotype movements. In addition it was found that early complex acti...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Bicz-Kubiatowicz M,Stryła W

    更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00

  • [Toxic effect of volatile products of thermooxidizing decomposition of conveyor belts].

    abstract::Toxic effects of thermo-oxidizing decomposition products of conveying belts made of PVC and rubber have been tested. The resultant smokes were passed through a protective absorber. During 14-days' post-exposure observation, an increased activity of asparagine, aminotransferase and in some animal alanine aminotransfera...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Faff J,Dudkiewicz J,Kauczak M,Waniewski E,Tokarzewski E

    更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00

  • [Survivability of Candida fungi and workpost safety in the university mycological laboratory].

    abstract:BACKGROUND:To ensure the security for persons using the laboratory for research purposes it was decided to determine the influence of the number of employees and the time of their work on the survivability and vitality of Candida albicans, C. dubliniensis and C. tropicalis. MATERIAL AND METHODS:Working time and the nu...

    journal_title:Medycyna pracy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Ejdys E

    更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00