Abstract:
:Introduction: The present status of amifampridine (AFP) for the treatment of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) is reviewed. Areas covered: All relevant literature identified through a PubMed search under treatment of LEMS, aminopyridine, and amifampridine are reviewed. An expert opinion on AFP was formulated. Expert opinion: AFPs, 3,4-DAP and 3,4-DAPP, are the most studied drugs in neuromuscular diseases. Randomized and non-randomized studies showed the most effective drug as symptomatic medication for LEMS. AFPs are safe and tolerable. Thus, AFPs should be the drug of choice for the symptomatic treatment in LEMS. As long as the daily dose is less than 80 mg a day, there is no concern for the serious side-reaction, seizure. Because of short-acting drug effects, it should be given three or four times a day. Peri-oral and finger paresthesia, the most common side-reaction, is accepted as a sign of drug-intake by many patients. Gastro-intestinal side reactions, the next common side-reaction of AFPs, are tolerable. AFPs are also the drug of choice and life-saving for LEMS crisis. For the long-term usage, it is proven to be safe and AFPs can be supplemented with liberal amount of pyridostigmine to sustain a symptomatic improvement without any undue side-reaction.
journal_name
Expert Rev Clin Immunoljournal_title
Expert review of clinical immunologyauthors
Oh SJdoi
10.1080/1744666X.2020.1670061subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-10-01 00:00:00pages
991-1007issue
10eissn
1744-666Xissn
1744-8409journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:INTRODUCTION:Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common upper airway disease with a prevalence of greater than 10% of the general population. Although the pathogenesis of CRS remains poorly understood, there is growing evidence indicating that epithelial physical barrier defects play an important role in CRS pathogenesis...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2019.1601556
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reports recent evidence on epidemiological data concerning monoclonal antibody (mAb) infusion-related anaphylaxis, as well as recent data on the correlation between mAb immunogenicity and safety profiles. Pathogenic mechanisms of mAb-related adverse reactions including hypersensitivity, IgE- and non-IgE-m...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/eci.10.90
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over the past few years, the therapeutic potential of Treg has been highlighted in the field of autoimmune diseases and after allogeneic transplantation. The first hurdle for the therapeutic use of Treg is their insufficient numbers in non-manipulated individuals, in particular when facing strong immune activation and...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/1744666X.2014.943191
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dendritic cell (DC) immunotherapy is a clinical reality. Despite two decades of considerable data demonstrating the feasibility of using DCs to prolong transplant allograft survival and to prevent autoimmunity, only now are these cells entering clinical trials in humans. Type 1 diabetes is the first autoimmune disorde...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/eci.09.8
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Specific allergen immunotherapy has been practiced for allergic rhinoconjunctivitis for over 100 years and is the only treatment option that is disease modifying. In the USA, immunotherapy is usually administered via subcutaneous injection; this is the only route with a US FDA-approved formulation. There is growing in...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/eci.12.41
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many immune regulators are now identified as having key roles at the embryo-maternal interface. Importantly, a cohort of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors are produced by the endometrial glands and secreted into the uterine cavity where they act both on the blastocyst and on the endometrial surface, changing ad...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/eci.11.65
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Psoriasis is a common, chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory disorder. The disease is associated with several co-morbidities including cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and psychiatric disorders. It is important to identify and treat these co-morbidities because they have a strongly negative effe...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2016.1213631
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The etiology of atopic dermatitis (AD) is multifactorial with interaction between genetics, immune and environmental factors. Areas covered: We review the role of prenatal exposures, irritants and pruritogens, pathogens, climate factors, including temperature, humidity, ultraviolet radiation, outdoor and i...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2016.1212660
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease, which affects joints as well as extra-articular tissues. In the last decades, increasing targeted therapeutic options dramatically improved RA management by doubling the rate of patients achieving clinical remission. Currently, there is...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2020.1686976
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic activation of immune responses, mediated by inflammatory mediators and involving different effector cells of the innate and acquired immune system characterizes autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis and septic shock syndrome. MAPKs are crucial intracellular m...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/1744666X.4.1.93
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Severe active refractory ulcerative colitis is a potentially life-threatening disease. The introduction of intensive steroid treatment and early surgery has reduced mortality in recent years. Ciclosporin and infliximab are effective rescue therapies in steroid refractory colitis. A head-to-head study proposed by Lahar...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1586/eci.13.34
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atherosclerosis is the major cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which represents the major cause of death. During recent years, it has become clear that atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory condition where immunity could play an important role. Usually, it is when atherosclerotic plaques rupture that CVD foll...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/1744666X.2015.993970
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Genetic testing of patients with clinically diagnosed or suspected primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) constitutes standard of care. Choice of testing modality and patient attributes can impact the likelihood of securing a diagnosis. AREAS COVERED:Published diagnostic rates for gene panel testing, exome seq...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2020.1814145
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus have a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular events due to atherosclerosis. Traditional cardiac risk factors cannot fully explain this increased risk. Recent evidence strongly suggests that atherosclerotic plaque is largely driven by inflammation and an active immuno...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/eci.10.98
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancy in the United States. While the treatment options have improved with conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy and advanced surgical techniques, disease recurrence is common and fatal in nearly all cases. Current evidence suggests that the immune syste...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/1744666X.2016.1147957
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer patients may develop paraneoplastic neurological conditions associated with autoantibodies directed against neural or neuromuscular tissues. These syndromes are frequently manifested in advance of the cancer presentation by several months or years necessitating a detailed and expensive investigation to search f...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/1744666X.2014.901151
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leptospirosis is re-emerging as a worldwide zoonosis and is caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira. Human leptospirosis is associated with high temperature and humidity. Laboratory tests are indispensible for the early diagnosis and proper disease management. The demand for suitable leptospirosis point-of-care dia...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/eci.12.110
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Respiratory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), are a major health burden on society and current treatment modalities for these diseases have not significantly changed over the past 40 years. The only major pharmacological advancement for the treatment of these diseases has been ...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/1744666X.3.3.365
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Biological agents have transformed psoriasis treatment by selectively targeting immune signaling molecules involved in psoriasis pathogenesis. While biologics offer the most effective treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis, they are not without complications. Some patients treated with biologics have po...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2016.1202115
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neonates have little immunological memory and a developing immune system, which increases their vulnerability to infectious agents. Recent advances in the understanding of neonatal immunity indicate that both innate and adaptive responses are dependent on precursor frequency of lymphocytes, antigenic dose and mode of ...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/1744666X.2014.942288
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:More women with autoimmune and inflammatory conditions are being treated with monoclonal antibody biologics (mAbs) during their pregnancy, to maintain clinical remission. The use of anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha agents in pregnancy appears to be safe but less is known regarding other mAbs, such as anti-...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2019.1561282
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:HAE is a very debilitating disease that causes significant distress for patients not only during an acute attack but also constant fear for a subsequent attack. It is important to address long-term prophylactic (LTP) therapy to prevent attacks, decrease morbidity and increase the quality of life. When disc...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2020.1750953
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is caused by T-cell-mediated destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells in the pancreas. Genetic and immunological evidence from humans and mouse models indicates that CD4(+) T cells play a crucial role in the development and prevention of T1D. The dichotomy between CD4(+) T regulatory and e...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/1744666X.3.4.557
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pediatric T-cell hematologic malignancies are a diverse group of rare cancers. The most common pediatric T-cell malignancies include T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). Although the overall survival rates have improved markedly in recent years, children with relapsed ...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2020.1732819
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conventional myeloablative conditioning regimens prior to hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) are associated with significant transplant-related morbidity and mortality in children affected by primary immunodeficiency disorders. Reduced-intensity conditioning regimens have been extensively used without severe acu...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/eci.12.9
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin disease with strong genetic background and environmental triggers. Patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis are at greater risk of developing other chronic and potentially severe comorbidities, such as psoriatic arthritis, hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes mell...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2019.1700113
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Patients with features of both asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) ('asthma-COPD overlap') experience greater symptom burden and higher risk of adverse health outcomes than those with asthma or COPD alone. However, virtually no pharmacotherapy studies have been performed in this overlap...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2017.1273109
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evolving data have shown that the toll like receptors (TLRs) family of innate immune receptors has an important role in driving the activation and inhibition of pathogenic pathways involved in multiple sclerosis (MS). While developing clinical trials targeting MS by TLRs modulators are of considerable interest, severa...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/1744666X.2014.953061
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is wide variability in the epidemiology and management of childhood asthma and related atopic diseases globally. Urbanized, affluent Western countries tend to have a higher prevalence of these diseases compared with Asian nations. However, recent studies have shown that the prevalence in Asia is increasing, alth...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/eci.09.82
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Agammaglobulinemias are primary (inherited) immunodeficiencies characterized by the lack of functional B-cells and antibodies, and are caused by mutations in genes encoding components of the pre-B-cell or B-cell receptor, or their signaling pathways. The known genetic defects do not account for all agammaglobulinemic ...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/1744666X.2013.850030
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00