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Flow-driven micro-scale pH variability affects the physiology of corals and coralline algae under ocean acidification.

Abstract：

:Natural variability in pH in the diffusive boundary layer (DBL), the discrete layer of seawater between bulk seawater and the outer surface of organisms, could be an important factor determining the response of corals and coralline algae to ocean acidification (OA). Here, two corals with different morphologies and one coralline alga were maintained under two different regimes of flow velocities, pH, and light intensities in a 12 flumes experimental system for a period of 27 weeks. We used a combination of geochemical proxies, physiological and micro-probe measurements to assess how these treatments affected the conditions in the DBL and the response of organisms to OA. Overall, low flow velocity did not ameliorate the negative effect of low pH and therefore did not provide a refugia from OA. Flow velocity had species-specific effects with positive effects on calcification for two species. pH in the calcifying fluid (pHcf) was reduced by low flow in both corals at low light only. pHcf was significantly impacted by pH in the DBL for the two species capable of significantly modifying pH in the DBL. The dissolved inorganic carbon in the calcifying fluid (DICcf) was highest under low pH for the corals and low flow for the coralline, while the saturation state in the calcifying fluid and its proxy (FWHM) were generally not affected by the treatments. This study therefore demonstrates that the effects of OA will manifest most severely in a combination of lower light and lower flow habitats for sub-tropical coralline algae. These effects will also be greatest in lower flow habitats for some corals. Together with existing literature, these findings reinforce that the effects of OA are highly context dependent, and will differ greatly between habitats, and depending on species composition.

journal_name

Sci Rep

journal_title

Scientific reports

authors

Comeau S,Cornwall CE,Pupier CA,DeCarlo TM,Alessi C,Trehern R,McCulloch MT

doi

10.1038/s41598-019-49044-w

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-09-06 00:00:00

pages

12829

issue

issn

2045-2322

pii

10.1038/s41598-019-49044-w

journal_volume

pub_type

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Flow-driven micro-scale pH variability affects the physiology of corals and coralline algae under ocean acidification.