Association of CAG Repeats With Long-term Progression in Huntington Disease.

Abstract:

Importance:In Huntington disease (HD), mutation severity is defined by the length of the CAG trinucleotide sequence, a well-known predictor of clinical onset age. The association with disease trajectory is less well characterized. Quantifiable summary measures of trajectory applicable over decades of early disease progression are lacking. An accurate model of the age-CAG association with early progression is critical to clinical trial design, informing both sample size and intervention timing. Objective:To succinctly capture the decades-long early progression of HD and its dependence on CAG repeat length. Design, Setting, and Participants:Prospective study at 4 academic HD treatment and research centers. Participants were the combined sample from the TRACK-HD and Track-On HD studies consisting of 290 gene carriers (presymptomatic to stage II), recruited from research registries at participating centers, and 153 nonbiologically related controls, generally spouses or friends. Recruitment was targeted to match a balanced, prespecified spectrum of age, CAG repeat length, and diagnostic status. In the TRACK-HD and Track-On HD studies, 13 and 5 potential participants, respectively, failed study screening. Follow-up ranged from 0 to 6 years. The study dates were January 2008 to November 2014. These analyses were performed between December 2015 and January 2019. Main Outcomes and Measures:The outcome measures were principal component summary scores of motor-cognitive function and of brain volumes. The main outcome was the association of these scores with age and CAG repeat length. Results:We analyzed 2065 visits from 443 participants (247 female [55.8%]; mean [SD] age, 44.4 [10.3] years). Motor-cognitive measures were highly correlated and had similar CAG repeat length-dependent associations with age. A composite summary score accounted for 67.6% of their combined variance. This score was well approximated by a score combining 3 items (total motor score, Symbol Digit Modalities Test, and Stroop word reading) from the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale. For either score, initial progression age and then acceleration rate were highly CAG repeat length dependent. The acceleration continues through at least stage II disease. In contrast, 3 distinct patterns emerged among brain measures (basal ganglia, gray matter, and a combination of whole-brain, ventricular, and white matter volumes). The basal ganglia pattern showed considerable change in even the youngest participants but demonstrated minimal acceleration of loss with aging. Each clinical and brain summary score was strongly associated with the onset and rate of decline in total functional capacity. Conclusions and Relevance:Results of this study suggest that succinct summary measures of function and brain loss characterize HD progression across a wide disease span. CAG repeat length strongly predicts their decline rate. This work aids our understanding of the age and CAG repeat length-dependent association between changes in the brain and clinical manifestations of HD.

journal_name

JAMA Neurol

journal_title

JAMA neurology

authors

Langbehn DR,Stout JC,Gregory S,Mills JA,Durr A,Leavitt BR,Roos RAC,Long JD,Owen G,Johnson HJ,Borowsky B,Craufurd D,Reilmann R,Landwehrmeyer GB,Scahill RI,Tabrizi SJ,TRACK-HD and Track-On HD Groups.

doi

10.1001/jamaneurol.2019.2368

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-08-12 00:00:00

eissn

2168-6149

issn

2168-6157

pii

2747564

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Association Between Cardiovascular Disease and Long-term Exposure to Air Pollution With the Risk of Dementia.

    abstract:Importance:Emerging yet contrasting evidence associates air pollution with incident dementia, and the potential role of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in this association is unclear. Objective:To investigate the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and dementia and to assess the role of CVD in that as...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2019.4914

    authors: Grande G,Ljungman PLS,Eneroth K,Bellander T,Rizzuto D

    更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00

  • JC polyomavirus granule cell neuronopathy in a patient treated with rituximab.

    abstract:IMPORTANCE:Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy results from lytic infection of the glia by the JC polyomavirus (JCV); JCV granule cell neuronopathy is caused by infection with a mutated form of JCV, leading to a shift in viral tropism from the glia to cerebellar granule cells. This shift results in a clinical sy...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.4668

    authors: Dang L,Dang X,Koralnik IJ,Todd PK

    更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00

  • Immunologic Effects of Metformin and Pioglitazone Treatment on Metabolic Syndrome and Multiple Sclerosis.

    abstract:IMPORTANCE:Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is thought to influence several autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). Anti-inflammatory effects of treatments used for MetS, such as metformin hydrochloride and pioglitazone hydrochloride, have been demonstrated, although clinical evidence supporting use of these t...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2015.4807

    authors: Negrotto L,Farez MF,Correale J

    更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00

  • Association of Pharmacological Interventions With Symptom Burden Reduction in Patients With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review.

    abstract:Importance:Mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) is experienced by 55.9 million people globally each year. The symptoms of mild TBI are diverse and sometimes long-lasting, requiring frequent use of pharmacological interventions to mitigate them. A thorough understanding of the data supporting pharmacological interventions ...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.5079

    authors: Feinberg C,Carr C,Zemek R,Yeates KO,Master C,Schneider K,Bell MJ,Wisniewski S,Mannix R

    更新日期:2021-01-19 00:00:00

  • Electroencephalographic Periodic Discharges and Frequency-Dependent Brain Tissue Hypoxia in Acute Brain Injury.

    abstract:Importance:Periodic discharges (PDs) that do not meet seizure criteria, also termed the ictal interictal continuum, are pervasive on electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings after acute brain injury. However, their association with brain homeostasis and the need for clinical intervention remain unknown. Objective:To d...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2016.5325

    authors: Witsch J,Frey HP,Schmidt JM,Velazquez A,Falo CM,Reznik M,Roh D,Agarwal S,Park S,Connolly ES,Claassen J

    更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00

  • Episodic bradycardia as neurocardiac prodrome to voltage-gated potassium channel complex/leucine-rich, glioma inactivated 1 antibody encephalitis.

    abstract:IMPORTANCE:Voltage-gated potassium channel complex antibody (VGKCc-Ab) encephalitis is an immunotherapy-responsive syndrome usually associated with causative antibodies that target the leucine-rich, glioma inactivated 1 (LGI1) protein. Although it is expressed throughout the brain, LGI1 is not known to be expressed in ...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.1234

    authors: Naasan G,Irani SR,Bettcher BM,Geschwind MD,Gelfand JM

    更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00

  • Intractable Epilepsy and Progressive Cognitive Decline in a Young Man.

    abstract::A young man with normal neurodevelopment presented with 3 years of medically refractory, progressive epilepsy and myoclonus. Initial examination included neuroimaging, electroencephalography, and biochemical analyses, all of which were unremarkable except for mildly enlarged ventricles. Over the following year, the pa...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2016.3195

    authors: Cohen AL,Jones LK,Parisi JE,Klaas JP

    更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00

  • Outcomes of Intensive Systolic Blood Pressure Reduction in Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Excessively High Initial Systolic Blood Pressure: Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

    abstract:Importance:The safety and efficacy of intensive systolic blood pressure reduction in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage who present with systolic blood pressure greater than 220 mm Hg appears to be unknown. Objective:To evaluate the differential outcomes of intensive (goal, 110-139 mm Hg) vs standard (goal, 140-17...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.3075

    authors: Qureshi AI,Huang W,Lobanova I,Barsan WG,Hanley DF,Hsu CY,Lin CL,Silbergleit R,Steiner T,Suarez JI,Toyoda K,Yamamoto H,for ATACH-II trial investigators.

    更新日期:2020-09-08 00:00:00

  • Evaluation of potential infectivity of Alzheimer and Parkinson disease proteins in recipients of cadaver-derived human growth hormone.

    abstract:IMPORTANCE:Growing evidence of cell-to-cell transmission of neurodegenerative disease (ND)-associated proteins (NDAPs) (ie, tau, Aβ, and α-synuclein) suggests possible similarities to the infectious prion protein (PrPsc) in spongiform encephalopathies. There are limited data on the potential human-to-human transmission...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.1933

    authors: Irwin DJ,Abrams JY,Schonberger LB,Leschek EW,Mills JL,Lee VM,Trojanowski JQ

    更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00

  • A 63-Year-Old Man With Progressive Visual Symptoms.

    abstract::A 63-year-old man presented with a 4-year history of insidious onset and gradual progression of visual symptoms including right homonymous hemianopsia, alexia, and simultanagnosia with preserved memory. Magnetic resonance imaging, perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography, and fluorodeoxyglucose positron em...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2016.2210

    authors: Mitchell SB,Lucente D,Larvie M,Cobos MI,Frosch M,Dickerson BC

    更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00

  • Sex and Race Differences in the Association of Incident Ischemic Stroke With Risk Factors.

    abstract:Importance:Race-specific and sex-specific stroke risk varies across the lifespan, yet few reports describe sex differences in stroke risk separately in black individuals and white individuals. Objective:To examine incidence and risk factors for ischemic stroke by sex for black and white individuals. Design, Setting, ...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2018.3862

    authors: Howard VJ,Madsen TE,Kleindorfer DO,Judd SE,Rhodes JD,Soliman EZ,Kissela BM,Safford MM,Moy CS,McClure LA,Howard G,Cushman M

    更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00

  • Current Concepts in Diagnosis and Treatment of Functional Neurological Disorders.

    abstract:Importance:Functional neurological disorders (FND) are common sources of disability in medicine. Patients have often been misdiagnosed, correctly diagnosed after lengthy delays, and/or subjected to poorly delivered diagnoses that prevent diagnostic understanding and lead to inappropriate treatments, iatrogenic harm, un...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2018.1264

    authors: Espay AJ,Aybek S,Carson A,Edwards MJ,Goldstein LH,Hallett M,LaFaver K,LaFrance WC Jr,Lang AE,Nicholson T,Nielsen G,Reuber M,Voon V,Stone J,Morgante F

    更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00

  • Feasibility, Safety, and Outcome of Endovascular Recanalization in Childhood Stroke: The Save ChildS Study.

    abstract:Importance:Randomized clinical trials have shown the efficacy of thrombectomy of large intracranial vessel occlusions in adults; however, any association of therapy with clinical outcomes in children is unknown. Objective:To evaluate the use of endovascular recanalization in pediatric patients with arterial ischemic s...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2019.3403

    authors: Sporns PB,Sträter R,Minnerup J,Wiendl H,Hanning U,Chapot R,Henkes H,Henkes E,Grams A,Dorn F,Nikoubashman O,Wiesmann M,Bier G,Weber A,Broocks G,Fiehler J,Brehm A,Psychogios M,Kaiser D,Yilmaz U,Morotti A,Marik W,

    更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00

  • A Histologic Study of the Circadian System in Parkinson Disease, Multiple System Atrophy, and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy.

    abstract:Importance:Circadian dysfunction may be associated with the symptoms and neurodegeneration in Parkinson disease (PD), multiple system atrophy (MSA), and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), although the underlying neuroanatomical site of disruption and pathophysiological mechanisms are not fully understood. Objective...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2018.0640

    authors: De Pablo-Fernández E,Courtney R,Warner TT,Holton JL

    更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00

  • Natalizumab therapy for highly active pediatric multiple sclerosis.

    abstract:IMPORTANCE:Given the high frequency of failure of first-line therapies, there is an urgent need for second-line treatment strategies for pediatric patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). OBJECTIVE:To report the use of natalizumab in pediatric MS. Natalizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting α4 integrin, is ef...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.923

    authors: Kornek B,Aboul-Enein F,Rostasy K,Milos RI,Steiner I,Penzien J,Hellwig K,Pitarokoili K,Storm van's Gravesande K,Karenfort M,Blaschek A,Meyer A,Seidl R,Debelic D,Vass K,Prayer D,Kristoferitsch W,Bayas A

    更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00

  • Long-term Cognitive Outcomes in Patients With Pediatric-Onset vs Adult-Onset Multiple Sclerosis.

    abstract:Importance:Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis (MS) can lead to reduced quality of life, social functioning, and employment. Few studies have investigated cognitive outcomes among patients with pediatric-onset MS (POMS) over the long term. Objective:To compare long-term information-processing efficiency between...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2019.1546

    authors: McKay KA,Manouchehrinia A,Berrigan L,Fisk JD,Olsson T,Hillert J

    更新日期:2019-06-17 00:00:00

  • Indirect measures of arterial stiffness and cognitive performance in individuals without traditional vascular risk factors or disease.

    abstract:IMPORTANCE:Whether cognition is influenced by arterial stiffness in the absence of vascular disease remains uncertain. OBJECTIVE:To test the hypotheses that indirect measures of arterial stiffness are important predictors of cognitive performance and that this relationship varies depending on the presence of vascular ...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.3873

    authors: Gutierrez J,Marshall RS,Lazar RM

    更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00

  • Research Gaps and Controversies in Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: A Review.

    abstract:Importance:Scientific and lay interest in negative outcomes associated with exposure to repetitive brain trauma (RBT) continues to strengthen. Concerns about the association between RBT and dementia began more than a century ago, but have resurfaced in the last decade with the more recently described chronic traumatic ...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.2396

    authors: Asken BM,Sullan MJ,DeKosky ST,Jaffee MS,Bauer RM

    更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00

  • Association of Klotho-VS Heterozygosity With Risk of Alzheimer Disease in Individuals Who Carry APOE4.

    abstract:Importance:Identification of genetic factors that interact with the apolipoprotein e4 (APOE4) allele to reduce risk for Alzheimer disease (AD) would accelerate the search for new AD drug targets. Klotho-VS heterozygosity (KL-VSHET+ status) protects against aging-associated phenotypes and cognitive decline, but whether ...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.0414

    authors: Belloy ME,Napolioni V,Han SS,Le Guen Y,Greicius MD,Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative.

    更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00

  • The growth and impact of Alzheimer disease centers as measured by social network analysis.

    abstract:IMPORTANCE:Alzheimer disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with no effective therapies. In 1984, the National Institute on Aging created the first 5 AD centers (ADCs) in an effort to coordinate research efforts into the pathology and treatment of the disease. Since that time, the ADC program has expanded to incl...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.6225

    authors: Hughes ME,Peeler J,Hogenesch JB,Trojanowski JQ

    更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00

  • Emerging therapies for glioblastoma.

    abstract:IMPORTANCE:Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor, but despite multimodal treatment with surgery, radiotherapy, and temozolomide chemotherapy, the prognosis is poor, with a median survival of 16 to 19 months and poor quality of life throughout the disease course. New treatments are needed. EVIDE...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.1701

    authors: Thomas AA,Brennan CW,DeAngelis LM,Omuro AM

    更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00

  • Woman with x-linked recessive dystonia-parkinsonism: clue to the epidemiology of parkinsonism in Filipino women?

    abstract:IMPORTANCE:Despite recessive inheritance, X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (Lubag disease) has also been described in women presenting with a late-onset isolated parkinsonian syndrome. Interestingly, unlike in other populations, there is a slight female predominance in the prevalence of parkinsonism in the Philippines. ...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.56

    authors: Domingo A,Lee LV,Brüggemann N,Freimann K,Kaiser FJ,Jamora RD,Rosales RL,Klein C,Westenberger A

    更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00

  • Incidence and pathology of synucleinopathies and tauopathies related to parkinsonism.

    abstract:IMPORTANCE:The frequency and distribution of synucleinopathies and tauopathies manifesting with parkinsonism in the general population are poorly understood, thus affecting health care planning and research. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the incidence and distribution of specific types of parkinsonism and related proteinop...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.114

    authors: Savica R,Grossardt BR,Bower JH,Ahlskog JE,Rocca WA

    更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00

  • Diagnostic Value of Cerebrospinal Fluid Neurofilament Light Protein in Neurology: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

    abstract:Importance:Neurofilament light protein (NfL) is elevated in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of a number of neurological conditions compared with healthy controls (HC) and is a candidate biomarker for neuroaxonal damage. The influence of age and sex is largely unknown, and levels across neurological disorders have not been co...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2019.1534

    authors: Bridel C,van Wieringen WN,Zetterberg H,Tijms BM,Teunissen CE,and the NFL Group.,Alvarez-Cermeño JC,Andreasson U,Axelsson M,Bäckström DC,Bartos A,Bjerke M,Blennow K,Boxer A,Brundin L,Burman J,Christensen T,Fialová L,Fo

    更新日期:2019-06-17 00:00:00

  • R47H Variant of TREM2 Associated With Alzheimer Disease in a Large Late-Onset Family: Clinical, Genetic, and Neuropathological Study.

    abstract:IMPORTANCE:The R47H variant in the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 gene (TREM2), a modulator of the immune response of microglia, is a strong genetic risk factor for Alzheimer disease (AD) and possibly other neurodegenerative disorders. OBJECTIVE:To investigate a large family with late-onset AD (LOAD)...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2015.0979

    authors: Korvatska O,Leverenz JB,Jayadev S,McMillan P,Kurtz I,Guo X,Rumbaugh M,Matsushita M,Girirajan S,Dorschner MO,Kiianitsa K,Yu CE,Brkanac Z,Garden GA,Raskind WH,Bird TD

    更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00

  • Long-term Outcome of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients With Juvenile Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Compared With Nontransplanted Control Patients.

    abstract:IMPORTANCE:Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been the only treatment option clinically available during the last 20 years for juvenile metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD), reported with variable outcome and without comparison with the natural course of the disease. OBJECTIVE:To compare the l...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2016.2067

    authors: Groeschel S,Kühl JS,Bley AE,Kehrer C,Weschke B,Döring M,Böhringer J,Schrum J,Santer R,Kohlschütter A,Krägeloh-Mann I,Müller I

    更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00

  • Endovascular Treatment for Patients With Acute Stroke Who Have a Large Ischemic Core and Large Mismatch Imaging Profile.

    abstract:Importance:Endovascular therapy (ET) is typically not considered for patients with large baseline ischemic cores (irreversibly injured tissue). Computed tomographic perfusion (CTP) imaging may identify a subset of patients with large ischemic cores who remain at risk for significant infarct expansion and thus could sti...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2016.3954

    authors: Rebello LC,Bouslama M,Haussen DC,Dehkharghani S,Grossberg JA,Belagaje S,Frankel MR,Nogueira RG

    更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00

  • Endovascular Thrombectomy as a Means to Improve Survival in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Meta-analysis.

    abstract:Importance:Although endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in acute ischemic stroke is recommended by guidelines to improve functional recovery, thus far there are insufficient data on its association with mortality. Objective:To identify guideline-relevant trials of EVT vs medical therapy reporting 90-day mortality and perf...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2019.0525

    authors: Lin Y,Schulze V,Brockmeyer M,Parco C,Karathanos A,Heinen Y,Gliem M,Hartung HP,Antoch G,Jander S,Turowski B,Perings S,Kelm M,Wolff G

    更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00

  • Ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack in young adults: risk factors, diagnostic yield, neuroimaging, and thrombolysis.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Approximately 10% to 14% of ischemic strokes occur in young adults. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the yield of diagnostic tests, neuroimaging findings, and treatment of ischemic strokes in young adults. DESIGN:We retrospectively reviewed data from our Get with the Guidelines-Stroke database from 2005 through 20...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.575

    authors: Ji R,Schwamm LH,Pervez MA,Singhal AB

    更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00

  • Neurologic Phenotypes Associated With Mutations in RTN4IP1 (OPA10) in Children and Young Adults.

    abstract:Importance:Neurologic disorders with isolated symptoms or complex syndromes are relatively frequent among mitochondrial inherited diseases. Recessive RTN4IP1 gene mutations have been shown to cause isolated and syndromic optic neuropathies. Objective:To define the spectrum of clinical phenotypes associated with mutati...

    journal_title:JAMA neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.2065

    authors: Charif M,Nasca A,Thompson K,Gerber S,Makowski C,Mazaheri N,Bris C,Goudenège D,Legati A,Maroofian R,Shariati G,Lamantea E,Hopton S,Ardissone A,Moroni I,Giannotta M,Siegel C,Strom TM,Prokisch H,Vignal-Clermont C,Der

    更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00