Abstract:
:Employing the Ideal Free Distribution (IFD) principle as a tool, we investigated how Allenby's gerbils (Gerbillus andersoni allenbyi) utilized food patches within and moved between connected quadrants (i.e., 'habitats') in a large outdoor semi-natural enclosure. These habitats differed in initial forager densities, but provided equal numbers of standardized food patches that provided equal rewards (i.e. food) and costs (i.e. predation risk, metabolic, and missed opportunity). We quantified the gerbils' giving-up-densities (GUDs) within foraging patches and recorded their daily distribution between habitats. Individual gerbils were tagged with unique bar-coded numbers to compare their locations within and across habitats. The mean number of gerbil foragers (9.1 and 8.9 individuals, respectively) and GUDs evened out across habitats over time. Despite this, the distribution of gerbils did not remain static within foraging patches; instead, gerbils altered their use of patches across and within habitats on a nightly basis. This may be due to a combination of factors including, high levels of interference competition between foragers at patches, a lag effect before the gerbils perceived changes in competition intensity with the arrival and departure of individuals, and gerbils having imperfect knowledge of their environment. Furthermore, the pattern of microhabitat (open vs bush patches) use by gerbils differed over time, indicating that despite the distribution of gerbils and their GUDs evening out between habitats, they still preferred foraging from safer bush patches over riskier open patches. This study provides insights into how under low predation risk, strong levels of intraspecific competition can shape the distribution of foragers across and within habitats.
journal_name
Behav Processesjournal_title
Behavioural processesauthors
Makin DF,Kotler BPdoi
10.1016/j.beproc.2019.103922subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-10-01 00:00:00pages
103922eissn
0376-6357issn
1872-8308pii
S0376-6357(18)30373-5journal_volume
167pub_type
杂志文章abstract::According to sexual selection theory, age affects the preference of mate choice, and this preference ultimately influences the fecundity of the female. Pardosa pseudoannulata (Araneae: Lycosidae) is a valued predator in many cropping systems. By determining oviposition rate, egg hatching rate, and also the number and ...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
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journal_title:Behavioural processes
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journal_title:Behavioural processes
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journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Behavioural processes
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Behavioural processes
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journal_title:Behavioural processes
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pub_type: 传,历史文章
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journal_title:Behavioural processes
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journal_title:Behavioural processes
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journal_title:Behavioural processes
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