Hesperidin, a citrus flavonoid ameliorates hyperglycemia by regulating key enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

abstract：:ABSTRACT The effect of sodium selenite, alpha-tocopherol, and their combination was studied in the hemic system of goat. Incubation of goat blood with selenium and vitamin E for 24 h resulted in a decrease in hemoglobin concentrations in Se-and vitamin E-treated groups, whereas no change in the osmotic fragility was o...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Saini RK,Saini N,Kataria M,Babu S

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human exposure to copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles (NPs) is rapidly increasing and for this reason reliable toxicity test systems are urgently needed. Recently, the acute cytotoxicity of CuO NPs using the new toxicity test based on human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs) has been evaluated. It was shown tha...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Murgia A,Mancuso L,Manis C,Caboni P,Cao G

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:ABSTRACT When two toxicants overtly producing similar effects are given together, the effect of the combination may either be equal to the algebraic sum of their individual effects or may be more than or less than the algebraic sum of their individual effects. Therefore, to ascertain the nature of interaction precisel...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Bhat AS,Ahangar AA

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The B6C3F1 mouse is the standard mouse strain used in National Toxicology Program (NTP) carcinogenesis studies. Over time, increased liver tumorigenesis that was correlated with elevated body weights was noted in males and females. NTP therefore replaced the NIH-07 diet with the NTP-2000 diet and returned to group hou...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Marino DJ

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ethanol metabolism is accompanied by generation of free radicals that damage cell components, especially lipids. The present study was designed to investigate the efficacy of the preventive effect of black tea on the lipid oxidative modifications in different tissues (plasma, liver, brain, kidney, stomach, lung, intes...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Luczaj W,Welerowicz T,Skrzydlewska E,Buszewski B

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, 162 samples were analysed for monomer styrene content with using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method in hot tea, milk, cocoa milk. The monomer styrene content, expressed in microg/l of drink and the level of migration of styrene monomer were varied from 0.61 to 8.15 for hot tea, from 0....

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Khaksar MR,Ghazi-Khansari M

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Abstract The effects of 4-hydroxytamoxifen (OHTAM) on the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) induced by Ca(2+) plus peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) or phenylarsine oxide (PhAsO) were studied to clarify its mechanisms of MPT inhibition. Ca(2+) plus ONOO(-) induced mitochondrial swelling, membrane potential (Delta Psi)...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Cardoso CM,Almeida LM,Custódio JB

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:Although the liver is the primary target organ in acetaminophen (APAP) toxicity, other organs are affected. Previous data suggested that chronic APAP abuse can be ototoxic and the mechanism involves APAP-induced oxidative stress and reactive metabolite (N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine, NAPQI)-induced endoplasmic ...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： McGill MR,Kennon-McGill S,Durham D,Jaeschke H

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:ABSTRACT The present investigation was undertaken to examine the effects of chlorpyrifos (CP, an organophosphate) and deltamethrin (DM, a pyrethroid pesticide) treatments at low and high doses and their combination on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities such as SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT and also AChE activ...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Tüzmen MN,Candan N,Kaya E

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, the preventive effects of NGF against colistin-induced autophagy and apoptosis in PC12 cells have been investigated. Fluorescence microscopy, real-time PCR, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), flow cytometery, and western blotting technique were used. The results showed that large amounts of autopha...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Tian E,Hu W,Miao Y,Muhammad I,Zhang L,Xia C,Ding L,Zhang Q,Li R,Chen C,Li J

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Limited information is available regarding systemic changes in mammals associated with exposures to petroleum/hydrocarbon fuels. In this study, systemic toxicity of JP-8 jet fuel was observed in a rat inhalation model at different JP-8 fuel vapor concentrations (250, 500, or 1000 mg/m(3), for 91 days). Gel electrophor...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Hanas JS,Bruce Briggs G,Lerner MR,Lightfoot SA,Larabee JL,Karsies TJ,Epstein RB,Hanas RJ,Brackett DJ,Hocker JR

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Crotonaldehyde is a ubiquitous hazardous pollutant, present in cigarette smoke and automobile exhaust and is endogenously generated by lipid peroxidation. Most of the current studies focus on its lung toxicity. However, there have been few investigations on the cardiac and renal toxicity caused by crotonaldehyde expos...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Zhang B,Li S,Men J,Peng C,Shao H,Zhang Z

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Gentamicin (GM) is used against bacterial infections. The aim of our investigation was to evaluate the role of inflammation and also oxidative damage in nephrotoxic potential of GM and protective effects of Nasturtium officinale (watercress) against GM-induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats. MATE...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Shahani S,Behzadfar F,Jahani D,Ghasemi M,Shaki F

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is one of the organophosphorus pesticides widely used around the world, especially in China. Acetylcholinesterase inhibition is the main effect of organophosphorus insecticides exposure. Studies showed that CPF may also interfere with the metabolism of monoamine transmitters. To investigate the effe...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Xu F,Chang X,Lou D,Wu Q,Zhou Z

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the prooxidant effects of bisphenol A (BPA) phenoxyl radicals in comparison with the phenoxyl radicals of 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (BHA), 2,6-di-tert-butyl-methylphenol (BHT) and 4-tert-butylphenol (TBP). The phenoxyl radicals, generated in situ by 1-electron oxidation of the corresponding phenol,...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Babu S,Uppu S,Claville MO,Uppu RM

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fusarium mycotoxin toxicosis has been implicated in the etiology of Keshan disease, an endemic mitochondrial cardiomyopathy prevailing in certain areas of China. Butenolide (4-acetamido-4-hydroxy-2-butenoic acid gamma-lactone) is one of the Fusarium mycotoxins which are frequently detected from cereal grains in endemi...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Wang YM,Liu JB,Peng SQ

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cadmium is one of the most toxic elements to which man can be exposed at work or in the environment. By far, the most salient toxicological property of Cd is its exceptionally long half-life in the human body. Once absorbed, Cd accumulates in the human body, particularly in the liver and other vital organs. The cellul...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Escobar Mdel C,Souza V,Bucio L,Hernández E,Gómez-Quiroz LE,Gutiérrez Ruiz MC

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Renal disease is a common complication of diabetes mellitus. The pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy is not well understood, but hyperglycemia seems to be a crucial factor. Recent evidence indicates that the overproduction of reactive oxygen species, observed in both clinical and experimental diabetes, and mitochondr...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Seiça R,Santos DL,Palmeira CM,Moreno AJ,Sena C,Cunha MF,Santos MS

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plethysmograph measurement of respiratory phenotypes provides a highly sensitive means to study nicotine response in experimental model animals. We measured average respiratory frequency, tidal volume, minute volume and inspiratory time in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/6J mice subcutaneously administered 0.35 and 0.70 mg/kg nicot...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Bloom AJ

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The influence of experimental conditions on gradient high-performance liquid chromatography/diode array detector separation and identification of 13 psychotropic drugs belonging to two groups--phenothiazines and tricyclic antidepressants--was examined. The main interaction effects of three experimental factors were de...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Madej K,Parczewski A,Kała M

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methylglyoxal (MG) is a reactive dicarbonyl metabolite originated mainly from glucose degradation pathway that plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM). Reactions of MG with biological macromolecules (proteins, DNA and lipids) can induce cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Here, human erythrocytes...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Prestes AS,Dos Santos MM,Ecker A,Zanini D,Schetinger MR,Rosemberg DB,da Rocha JB,Barbosa NV

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This report explores the direct counting of "hair-like" struc-tures specific for Gram-positive bacteria. Indications show that these structures are intact after removal from the cell and are sufficiently different from species to species of bacteria to give an indication of bacteria type if not actual identification. ...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Wick CH,Jabbour RE,McCubbin PE,Deshpande SV

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Monte Carlo based method by using either SMILES based or combination of SMILES and Graph-based descriptors is an important strategy to build the QSAR/QSTR model for prediction of different biological endpoints. In this study, Monte Carlo based QSTR approach was applied to the dataset of 90 nitroaromatic compounds rela...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Mondal D,Ghosh K,Baidya ATK,Gantait AM,Gayen S

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a highly toxic industrial solvent with pronounced systemic toxicity including brain. Neurotoxicity may be a direct result of hepatic dysfunction from CCl4 intoxication. Over the years CCl4 has been used as an excellent model for studying experimentally induced neurotoxicity in murine mod...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Naseem M,Parvez S

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The β-glucans (β-G) are polysaccharides produced by various organisms, and sulfation of β-G renders them more soluble. With the objective to assess the effects of sulfated and non-sulfated β-G extracted from Agaricus brasiliensis in MCF-7 cells, assays were used to evaluate cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, cell proliferati...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Baranoski A,Tempesta Oliveira M,Semprebon SC,Niwa AM,Ribeiro LR,Mantovani MS

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Oxytocin (OT) injections have been indiscriminately used to milk cattle in dairy industries. There is no study available regarding surveillance of OT in market milk samples. MATERIAL AND METHODS:OT from milk samples was extracted by precipitation with trichloroacetic acid and passed through the solid phase ...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Mishra M,Ali S,Das M

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chlorine gas is one of the highly produced chemicals in the USA and around the world. Chlorine gas has several uses in water purification, sanitation, and industrial applications; however, it is a toxic inhalation hazard agent. Inhalation of chlorine gas, based on the concentration and duration of the exposure, causes...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Achanta S,Jordt SE

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Owing to their structure and function, low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) are particularly susceptible to the oxidative modifications. To prevent against oxidative modification of LDL, L-carnitine, with endogenous small water-soluble quaternary amine possessing antioxidative properties, was used. The aim of this paper wa...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Augustyniak A,Stankiewicz A,Skrzydlewska E

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Impurities in drug substances and drug products generally do not have beneficial effects and may impose a risk without associated benefit. Levofloxacin n-oxide is an impurity isolated from levofloxacin. However there is insufficient toxic information about levofloxacin n-oxide. This study investigates the genotoxicity...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Zhu Q,Li T,Li J,Guo M,Wang W,Zhang X

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The titanium nitride coated titanium is a material intended for the fabrication of left ventricular assist device. As per International standards, a material is subjected to pre-clinical evaluation before fabrication of a device. Toxicity/biocompatibility studies such as acute systemic toxicity, intracutaneous irritat...

journal_title：Toxicology mechanisms and methods

authors： Geetha CS,Sabareeswaran A,Mohanan PV

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00