Abstract:
:Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a reversible cellular process, characterized by changes in gene expression and activation of proteins, favoring the trans-differentiation of the epithelial phenotype to a mesenchymal phenotype. This process increases cell migration and invasion of tumor cells, progression of the cell cycle, and resistance to apoptosis and chemotherapy, all of which support tumor progression. One of the signaling pathways involved in tumor progression is the MAPK pathway. Within this family, the ERK subfamily of proteins is known for its contributions to EMT. The ERK subfamily is divided into typical (ERK 1/2/5), and atypical (ERK 3/4/7/8) members. These kinases are overexpressed and hyperactive in various types of cancer. They regulate diverse cellular processes such as proliferation, migration, metastasis, resistance to chemotherapy, and EMT. In this context, in vitro and in vivo assays, as well as studies in human patients, have shown that ERK favors the expression, function, and subcellular relocalization of various proteins that regulate EMT, thus promoting tumor progression. In this review, we discuss the mechanistic roles of the ERK subfamily members in EMT and tumor progression in diverse biological systems.
journal_name
Int J Mol Scijournal_title
International journal of molecular sciencesauthors
Olea-Flores M,Zuñiga-Eulogio MD,Mendoza-Catalán MA,Rodríguez-Ruiz HA,Castañeda-Saucedo E,Ortuño-Pineda C,Padilla-Benavides T,Navarro-Tito Ndoi
10.3390/ijms20122885subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-06-13 00:00:00issue
12issn
1422-0067pii
ijms20122885journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The Asian cycads are mostly allopatric, distributed in small population sizes. Hybridization between allopatric species provides clues in determining the mechanism of species divergence. Horticultural introduction provides the chance of interspecific gene flow between allopatric species. Two allopatrically eastern Asi...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
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abstract::Astrocyte proliferation and migration toward injured Central Nervous System (CNS) areas are key features of astrogliosis and glial scar formation. Even though it is known that intracellular and environmental Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species (RONS) affect astrocyte behaviour in physiological and pathophysiological ...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
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doi:10.3390/ijms150711996
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journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms19020535
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journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
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更新日期:2018-10-10 00:00:00
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journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms20010121
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journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms21134718
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journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
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abstract::Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells are heterogeneous, major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-unrestricted T lymphocytes that have acquired the expression of several natural killer (NK) cell surface markers following the addition of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), OKT3 and interleukin-2 (IL-2). Treatment with CIK cells demo...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
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journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
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abstract::The role of E-cadherin in Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer (HDGC) is unequivocal. Germline alterations in its encoding gene (CDH1) are causative of HDGC and occur in about 40% of patients. Importantly, while in most cases CDH1 alterations result in the complete loss of E-cadherin associated with a well-established cl...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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abstract::Glutamate is not only a neurotransmitter but also an important neurotoxin in central nervous system (CNS). Chronic elevation of glutamate induces both neuronal and glial cell apoptosis. However, its effect on astrocytes is complex and still remains unclear. In this study, we investigated whether morphine, a common opi...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
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doi:10.3390/ijms17101523
更新日期:2016-10-24 00:00:00