Challenges in estimating influenza vaccine effectiveness.

abstract：:Tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) have been formulated into vaccines that, combined with adjuvants, cytokines or other strategies to boost the immune response, are now in clinical development. Both humoral and cellular immune responses to TAAs have been generated using these vaccines. This approach relies on the patien...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Acres B,Bonnefoy JY

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Newborns and infants are highly susceptible to infectious diseases, resulting in high mortality and morbidity, particularly in resource-poor settings. Many vaccines require several booster doses, resulting in an extensive vaccine schedule, and yet there is still inadequate protection from some of these diseases. This ...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Flanagan KL,Burl S,Lohman-Payne BL,Plebanski M

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pneumococcal disease is a major health problem worldwide. Large, rapid declines in overall invasive pneumococcal disease and mucosal disease in children, reductions in vaccine-type disease in unvaccinated children and adults (indirect effects) and significant drops in antibiotic-resistant infections were observed afte...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Dinleyici EC,Yargic ZA

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aluminum-containing adjuvants are an important component of many vaccines because they safely potentiate the immune response. The structure and properties of aluminum hydroxide adjuvant, aluminum phosphate adjuvant and alum-precipitated adjuvants are presented in this review. The major antigen adsorption mechanisms, e...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Hem SL,Hogenesch H

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While vaccination continues to be the most successful interventionist health policy to date, infectious disease remains a significant cause of death worldwide. A primary reason that vaccination is not able to generate effective immunity is a lack of appropriate adjuvants capable of initiating the desired immune respon...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Fraser CK,Diener KR,Brown MP,Hayball JD

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is generally believed that the role of CD4(+) T cells is to coordinate the different arms of the adaptive immune system to shape an effective response against a pathogen and regulate nonessential or deleterious activities. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that effector CD4(+) T cells can directly displa...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Soghoian DZ,Streeck H

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An urgent need exists for vaccines to prevent infections caused by nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis. These bacteria cause otitis media in children, a clinical problem associated with enormous morbidity and cost. H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis also cause lower respiratory tract infections ...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Murphy TF

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Efforts to develop a meningococcal vaccine that will include coverage against serogroup B disease have largely focused on outer membrane protein antigens. The protection offered by currently licensed outer membrane vesicle (OMV) vaccines is specific to epidemic strains as their immunodominant antigens are highly varia...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Sanders H,Feavers IM

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Malaria continues to be a worldwide leading cause of morbidity and mortality, and the development of an effective malaria vaccine remains a research imperative. Of the multiple approaches that have been pursued, the RTS,S/AS01 vaccine candidate represents the most developed and clinically validated malaria vaccine for...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Regules JA,Cummings JF,Ockenhouse CF

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Global polio eradication is closer than ever. Replacement of the live attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) by inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) is recommended to achieve complete eradication. Limited global production capacity and relatively high IPV costs compared to OPV spur the need for improved polio vaccin...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Kraan H,van der Stel W,Kersten G,Amorij JP

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The WHO has recently recommended the inclusion of rotavirus vaccine in the national immunization programs of all countries. In countries in the Americas, Europe and Australia that have adopted routine childhood immunization against rotavirus, significant reductions in the burden of severe childhood diarrhea have been ...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Tate JE,Patel MM,Steele AD,Gentsch JR,Payne DC,Cortese MM,Nakagomi O,Cunliffe NA,Jiang B,Neuzil KM,de Oliveira LH,Glass RI,Parashar UD

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a dominant component of the Gram-negative bacterial outer membrane, is a strong activator of the innate immune system, and thereby an important determinant in the adaptive immune response following bacterial infection. This adjuvant activity can be harnessed following immunization with bacter...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Zariri A,van der Ley P

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vaccine administration is the second leading cause of febrile seizures (FS). FS occurrence in children is a serious concern because it leads to public apprehension of vaccinations. This review discusses the clinical implications of FS, its potential link to vaccinations and its impact on official recommendations for v...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Principi N,Esposito S

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The success of vaccine regimens against viral pathogens hinges on the elicitation of protective responses. Hypervariable pathogens such as HIV avoid neutralization by masking protective epitopes with more immunogenic decoys. The identification of protective, conserved epitopes is crucial for future vaccine candidate d...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Kramer VG,Byrareddy SN

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recombinant, nonreplicating, human adenovirus serotype 5-vectored vaccine, known as MRKAd5, expressing three HIV-1 clade B-derived internal proteins when used in a homologous immunization regimen, did not decrease HIV-1 infection rate nor postinfection virus load in the first Phase IIb proof-of-concept trial. However,...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Hanke T

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aging process in humans is associated with a decrease in immune function (immunosenescence) and an increase in comorbid disorders. When combined with environmental factors this can lead to an increased risk and severity of infectious diseases. Diseases in older adults (>/=70 years) tend to be more severe and have ...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Maggi S

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Introduction: Despite intensive research efforts, there is still no effective prophylactic vaccine available against HIV-1. Currently, substantial efforts are devoted to the development of vaccines aimed at inducing broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), which are capable of neutralizing most HIV-1 strains. All bNAb...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Del Moral-Sánchez I,Sliepen K

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Hepatitis A, caused by hepatitis A virus (HAV), is primarily transmitted via the fecal/oral route either through ingestion of contaminated food and water or through direct contact with an infectious person. Prevalence of hepatitis A is strongly correlated with socioeconomic factors, decreasing with increas...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Bravo C,Mege L,Vigne C,Thollot Y

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infections of humans with Bacillus anthracis are an issue with respect to the biothreat both to civilians and military personnel, infections of individuals by infected livestock in endemic regions and, recently, infections of intravenous drug users injecting anthrax-contaminated heroin. Existing vaccination regimens a...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Altmann DM

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Current treatments for lung cancer are far from optimal. Several immunotherapeutic strategies involving vaccines incorporating different tumor-associated antigens to induce immune responses against tumors are being tested in clinical trials internationally. Although small, benefits have indeed been observed from the e...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Simmons O,Magee M,Nemunaitis J

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia, is an organism of concern as a potential biowarfare agent. Progress towards understanding the molecular basis of pathogenicity has been hampered by a lack of tools with which to manipulate the pathogen. However, the availability of genome sequence data for a ra...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Oyston PC,Griffiths R

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The USA is experiencing a pertussis resurgence that resulted in a 60-year high of 48,000 cases in 2012. Our ability to counteract this resurgence is hampered by the fact that pertussis pathogenesis and immunity to pertussis infection are not well studied. Studies in humans are difficult due to the low frequency of per...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Warfel JM,Merkel TJ

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cytotoxic CD8(+) T lymphocyte-mediated cellular response is important for the elimination of virus-infected cells and requires the prior recognition of short viral peptide antigens previously translocated to the endoplasmic reticulum by the transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP). However, individuals...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： López D,Lorente E,Barriga A,Johnstone C,Mir C

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plasmid DNA is a promising vaccine modality that is regularly examined in prime-boost immunization regimens. Recent advances in skin immunity increased our understanding of the sophisticated cutaneous immune network, which revived scientific interest in delivering vaccines to the skin. Intradermal administration of pl...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Elnekave M,Furmanov K,Hovav AH

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is a predominant organism of the upper respiratory nasopharyngeal microbiota. Its disease spectrum includes otitis media, sinusitis, non-bacteremic pneumonia and invasive infections. Protein-based vaccines to prevent NTHi infections are needed to alleviate these infections in ...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Khan MN,Ren D,Kaur R,Basha S,Zagursky R,Pichichero ME

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vaccine manufacturing processes are designed to meet present and upcoming challenges associated with a growing vaccine market and to include multi-use facilities offering a broad portfolio and faster reaction times in case of pandemics and emerging diseases. The final products, from whole viruses to recombinant viral ...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Gallo-Ramírez LE,Nikolay A,Genzel Y,Reichl U

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) is attractive and promising as a novel viral vector for the expression of foreign genes of interest because it possesses unique properties. In particular, its excellent safety profile and the availability of versatile vector technologies have frequently made MVA the vac...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Rimmelzwaan GF,Sutter G

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is a major cause of worldwide mortality and morbidity, and to a large extent is vaccine-preventable. Nasopharyngeal carriage of pneumococcus precedes disease and is the source of pneumococcal spread between people. The use of vaccine effect on carriage as part of the vaccine lic...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Simell B,Auranen K,Käyhty H,Goldblatt D,Dagan R,O'Brien KL,Pneumococcal Carriage Group.

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recombinant adenoviruses have emerged as promising viral vectors for CD8(+) T-cell vaccines. Our studies have indicated that unlike most acute infections, the CD8(+) T-cell memory population elicited by recombinant human adenovirus serotype 5 (rHuAd5) displays a dominant effector memory phenotype. Persistent, low-leve...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Bassett JD,Swift SL,Bramson JL

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Singapore was the location of the 3rd Global Vaccine Congress on 4-6 October 2009, and it provided a suitable place for sharing a range of developments, concepts and challenges associated with vaccines. One of the major goals of this meeting was to present a broad and balanced program of research, development, product...

journal_title：Expert review of vaccines

authors： Kyd JM

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00