Abstract:
PURPOSE:Diabetes is a chronic inflammatory disorder resulting in endothelial dysfunction which contributes to peripheral arterial disease and limb ischemia. Leukocytes play critical roles in vascular and tissue remodelling after ischemia. This study investigated the effects of dietary glutamine (GLN) supplementation on immune cell polarization in diabetic mice subjected to limb ischemia. METHODS:Diabetes was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin for 5 consecutive days in C57BL/6J mice. Diabetic mice were fed the AIN-93 diet or an AIN-93 diet in which a part of the casein was replaced by GLN. After 3 weeks of the dietary intervention, mice were subjected to unilateral femoral artery ligation to induce limb ischemia. RESULTS:GLN supplementation enhanced the proportion of anti-inflammatory monocytes and regulatory T cells in the blood. Expression of C-C motif chemokine receptor 5 by activated CD4+ T cells was promoted and prolonged in the GLN-supplemented group. GLN downregulated the percentage of M1 macrophages in muscle tissues which was correlated with lower levels of C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 in plasma. The muscle M1/M2 ratio was also reduced in the GLN group. Gene expression of interleukin-6 was suppressed by GLN supplementation, while expression levels of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and myogenic differentiation 1 genes were elevated in post-ischemic muscles. Histological findings also indicated that muscle regeneration was accelerated in the GLN group. CONCLUSIONS:GLN supplementation in diabetic mice may exert more-balanced polarization of CD4+ T cells, monocytes, and macrophages, thus attenuating inflammatory responses and contributing to muscle regeneration after limb ischemia.
journal_name
Eur J Nutrjournal_title
European journal of nutritionauthors
Pai MH,Lei CS,Su ST,Yeh SL,Hou YCdoi
10.1007/s00394-019-01951-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-04-01 00:00:00pages
921-933issue
3eissn
1436-6207issn
1436-6215pii
10.1007/s00394-019-01951-4journal_volume
59pub_type
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journal_title:European journal of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:European journal of nutrition
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journal_title:European journal of nutrition
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journal_title:European journal of nutrition
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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journal_title:European journal of nutrition
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journal_title:European journal of nutrition
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更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of nutrition
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journal_title:European journal of nutrition
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更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2020-07-18 00:00:00