Abstract:
:Laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing is an emerging 3D printing technique for the fabrication of advanced metal components. Widespread adoption of it and similar additive technologies is hampered by poor understanding of laser-metal interactions under such extreme thermal regimes. Here, we elucidate the mechanism of pore formation and liquid-solid interface dynamics during typical laser powder bed fusion conditions using in situ X-ray imaging and multi-physics simulations. Pores are revealed to form during changes in laser scan velocity due to the rapid formation then collapse of deep keyhole depressions in the surface which traps inert shielding gas in the solidifying metal. We develop a universal mitigation strategy which eliminates this pore formation process and improves the geometric quality of melt tracks. Our results provide insight into the physics of laser-metal interaction and demonstrate the potential for science-based approaches to improve confidence in components produced by laser powder bed fusion.
journal_name
Nat Communjournal_title
Nature communicationsauthors
Martin AA,Calta NP,Khairallah SA,Wang J,Depond PJ,Fong AY,Thampy V,Guss GM,Kiss AM,Stone KH,Tassone CJ,Nelson Weker J,Toney MF,van Buuren T,Matthews MJdoi
10.1038/s41467-019-10009-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-04-30 00:00:00pages
1987issue
1issn
2041-1723pii
10.1038/s41467-019-10009-2journal_volume
10pub_type
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