Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Children who develop malaria after returning to a setting in which the disease is not endemic are at high risk for critical delays in diagnosis and initiation of antimalarial therapy. We assessed the clinical impact of the implementation of malaria rapid diagnostic testing (RDT) on the management of children with malaria at an urban US children's hospital that serves a large immigrant population. METHODS:This was a retrospective cohort study of all children diagnosed with laboratory-confirmed malaria at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) between 2000 and 2014. RDT using a US Food and Drug Administration-approved immunochromatographic assay was introduced at CHOP on August 1, 2007. We compared clinical management and outcomes of patients with malaria diagnosed before and after RDT introduction. RESULTS:We analyzed 82 pediatric malaria cases (32 before and 50 after RDT implementation). The majority of these patients had traveled to West Africa (91.5%) and were infected with Plasmodium falciparum (80.5%). The mean time to a positive result decreased from 10.4 to 0.9 hours (P < .001) after the introduction of RDT for patients with P falciparum. The mean time to antimalarial therapy decreased from 13.1 to 6.9 hours (P =; .023) in hospitalized patients. We found no significant reduction in the mean number of clinical signs of severe malaria between 0 and 48 hours of hospitalization and no difference in the need for exchange transfusion, time to resolution of parasitemia, or length of hospital stay. CONCLUSIONS:Implementation of RDT for malaria was associated with shorter times to malaria diagnosis and initiation of antimalarial therapy. The results of this study support RDT in the optimal management of patients with malaria who present in settings in which the disease is not endemic.
journal_name
J Pediatric Infect Dis Socjournal_title
Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Societyauthors
Enane LA,Sullivan KV,Spyridakis E,Feemster KAdoi
10.1093/jpids/piz022subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-07-13 00:00:00pages
298-304issue
3eissn
2048-7193issn
2048-7207pii
5468494journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章abstract::E-consults replace "curbside" interactions, facilitate provider-specialist communication, document within the medical record, and track relative value units (RVUs). Pediatric infectious diseases (PID) E-consults commonly relate to vaccines, exposures, diagnoses, and treatments. The documented RVU effort of 197 consecu...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jpids/piaa041
更新日期:2020-05-05 00:00:00
abstract::We performed a seroepidemiologic study of sera from children in Brooklyn, New York, before and after the implementation of prenatal chlamydial screening almost 20% of children aged ≤10 years in the prescreening group had anti-Chlamydia trachomatis immunoglobulin G compared with none in the postscreening group. ...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jpids/piaa002
更新日期:2020-01-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Shigella is a leading cause of childhood diarrhea mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. Current World Health Organization guidelines recommend antibiotics for children in non cholera-endemic areas only in the presence of dysentery, a proxy for suspected Shigella infection. METHODS:To assess the sensitivity and s...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jpids/piv037
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Endothelial activation may contribute to development of severe disease from Plasmodium falciparum infection, but optimal markers of endothelial activation in severe malaria, the extent of endothelial activation in asymptomatic infection, and the effect of blood group O on endothelial activation have not been...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jpids/pis010
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The 2017-2018 influenza season was of high severity. Circulating influenza strains change periodically, making it important to determine vaccine effectiveness on an annual basis, especially for susceptible populations. The primary aim of our study was to estimate the effectiveness of the influenza vaccine am...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jpids/piz077
更新日期:2020-09-17 00:00:00
abstract:Introduction:Antimicrobial use is decreasing across freestanding children's hospitals, predominantly in institutions with antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) in place. A highly effective ASP should effect a greater decrease in use than predicted by existing trends. Antimicrobial stewardship programs depend on cli...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jpids/piw054
更新日期:2017-11-24 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Data on long-term toxicity of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-infected children are sparse. PENPACT-1 was an open-label trial in which HIV-infected children were assigned randomly to receive protease inhibitor (PI)- or nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based ART. Methods:We examined ...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jpids/pix050
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STECs) are the most common cause of acute renal failure in children. The present study evaluated a 10-year STEC polymerase chain reaction screening regimen in children. METHODS:All routine stool culture specimens from patients below 10 years of age (n = 10 342) ...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jpids/piv003
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the effect of azithromycin (AZM) on macrophage responses to pneumococci. We found that exposure of pneumococci to AZM led to reduced tumor necrosis factor (TNF) secretion by macrophages; this effect was observed in response to both AZM-susceptible and AZM-resistant (AZM-R) pneumococci. ...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jpids/pit014
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A moderate to severe (M/S) influenza clinical endpoint has been proposed in children, defined as fever >39°C, otitis media, lower respiratory tract infection, or serious extrapulmonary manifestations. The objective of the study was to evaluate the M/S measure against clinically relevant outcomes including ho...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jpids/piz075
更新日期:2020-09-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite a high burden of staphylococcal skin disease in children and high incidence of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in adult Indigenous populations in northern Australia, there are few studies describing incidence or clinical information of invasive S aureus (ISA) infections in children. METHODS:We cond...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jpids/piu013
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Rotavirus is the most common cause of infectious diarrhea in children worldwide. Recent studies have described changes in the burden of all-cause gastroenteritis; however, there are limited data on the clinical and economic impact of rotavirus vaccine on cases of laboratory-confirmed rotavirus disease. METH...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jpids/pis058
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OF KEY POINTS:Although relatively rare, invasive meningococcal disease continues to be a health concern, especially in young children. This systematic review clearly delineates both the near- and long-term morbidities that can occur after, and persist beyond, the period of acute illness. BACKGROUND:Although rare, inva...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/jpids/piv065
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Invasive mold infections (IMIs) are a leading cause of mortality in immunocompromised children, yet there has never been an international epidemiologic investigation of pediatric IMIs. METHODS:This international, prospective cohort study was performed to characterize the epidemiology, antifungal therapy, an...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/jpids/piu074
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients are at risk for invasive fungal disease (IFD). Data on IFD burden in pediatric patients are limited. We aimed to determine the incidence and outcome of IFD in a large cohort of pediatric patients who underwent SOT. Methods:A single-center cohort of pediatric patients ...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jpids/pix041
更新日期:2018-08-17 00:00:00
abstract::Achieving rapid and meaningful improvement in healthcare requires the dissemination of quality improvement project results via publication. Doing this well requires detailed descriptions of the complex interventions and of the context in which the improvement took place. This report builds on the first 2 articles in t...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jpids/pix078
更新日期:2018-08-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) patients causes significant morbidity and mortality. Data regarding the longitudinal assessment of infectious pathogens during symptomatic AGE and asymptomatic periods, particularly in children, are limited. We investigated the prevalence of ...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jpids/piz063
更新日期:2020-09-17 00:00:00
abstract::Actinomycetes are Gram-positive bacteria that can be part of the normal human flora of the gastrointestinal, pulmonary, and genital tract. Infections are rare, slowly progressing and most commonly affect the cervicofacial region. Actinomyces israelii is the most frequently isolated species but a number of other specie...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/jpids/piu096
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate suboptimal discharge antibiotic prescribing at a children's hospital and found that 27% of the prescriptions were suboptimal. Thirty-three percent of the patients who might have qualified for solid dosage forms received liquid dosages instead. Our findings suggest that op...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jpids/piy127
更新日期:2019-12-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Enteroviruses (EVs) occur frequently worldwide and are known to be associated with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations from mild syndromes to neurological disease. To understand the epidemiology of EV in Korea, we characterized EV-infected cases during 2012-2019 based on national surveillance. METHO...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jpids/piaa111
更新日期:2020-11-05 00:00:00
abstract::Pneumonia, most often caused by a respiratory virus, is common in childhood. Mycoplasma pneumoniae also is detected frequently, particularly in older children in the era of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination. Despite recommendations for β-lactam antibiotics, macrolide antibiotics, including erythromycin, clarithromyci...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/jpids/pix083
更新日期:2018-02-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite successes in lung transplantation, with infection as the leading cause of death in the first year following lung transplantation, there remains a lag in survival compared with other solid organ transplants. Infections that occur early after transplantation may impact short- and long-term outcomes in ...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jpids/piaa050
更新日期:2020-06-13 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the uptake of rotavirus vaccine and compared trends in acute gastroenteritis (AGE)-associated hospitalizations and outpatient visits among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) children aged <5 years before and after introduction of the rotavirus vaccine. The rates of AGE-associated hospitalization and...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jpids/pix098
更新日期:2018-05-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Our goal was to characterize the epidemiology and clinical significance of congenital Zika virus (ZIKV) exposure by prospectively following a cohort of infants with possible congenital exposure through their first year of life. METHODS:We included infants born in New York City between 2016 and 2017 who had ...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jpids/piz027
更新日期:2020-07-13 00:00:00
abstract::Little information on the efficacy and pharmacokinetics of letermovir among immunocompromised children is currently available. We describe here the use of letermovir in a 2-year-old immunocompromised child with ganciclovir-resistant cytomegalovirus disease who required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Detailed inf...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jpids/piz033
更新日期:2020-02-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among youth through high-risk behaviors continues to increase. Retention in Care is associated with positive clinical outcomes and a decrease in HIV transmission risk behaviors. We evaluated the clinical and demographic characteristics of non-perinatally...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jpids/piu102
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In theory, active surveillance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) reduces MRSA spread by identifying all MRSA-colonized patients and placing them under contact precautions. In October 2007, Illinois mandated active MRSA surveillance in all intensive care units, including neonatal intensive...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jpids/piv050
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although cryptococcal meningitis is uncommon in children and rare in neonates, it does occur. We highlight circumstances in which the diagnosis should be considered and methods required to confirm the diagnosis in young patients. ...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jpids/pis037
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Evaluation for neonatal sepsis routinely includes performing both aerobic and anaerobic blood cultures despite our lack of knowledge of the true incidence of anaerobic bacteremia in this age group and the consequences of not performing these paired cultures. Methods:We performed a retrospective review of al...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jpids/pix088
更新日期:2018-08-17 00:00:00
abstract::The reduction in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission through breastmilk with maternal combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has led many pregnant women living with HIV and healthcare providers to question exclusive formula feeding in resource-rich settings. Here, we describe cART prophylaxis in 3 breas...
journal_title:Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jpids/piz003
更新日期:2020-04-30 00:00:00