Abstract:
INTRODUCTION:Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common upper airway disease with a prevalence of greater than 10% of the general population. Although the pathogenesis of CRS remains poorly understood, there is growing evidence indicating that epithelial physical barrier defects play an important role in CRS pathogenesis. Areas covered: Epithelial physical barriers are maintained by various intercellular junctions, especially tight junctions (TJs). Recent studies suggest that the expression of TJ molecules and epithelial barrier function in human nasal epithelium are modulated by various internal and external factors. This review summarizes recent advances regarding the structure, function, and regulating mechanisms of the epithelial physical barrier in the context of CRS. Expert opinion: Available data indicate that epithelial physical barrier defects in CRS can result from inhaled allergens, microbial or virus infections, cytokines, hypoxia, or zinc deficiency, among other causes. Several genes/molecules, such as SPINK5, S100A7, S100A8/9, PCDH1, NDRG1, SPRR, and p63 are involved in modulating the physical barrier function in the context of CRS. The exact mechanisms and molecular pathways that lead to these barrier defects, however, require additional study. Additional work is necessary to further explore the epithelial physical barrier function in normal and pathologic sinonasal mucosa.
journal_name
Expert Rev Clin Immunoljournal_title
Expert review of clinical immunologyauthors
Jiao J,Wang C,Zhang Ldoi
10.1080/1744666X.2019.1601556subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-06-01 00:00:00pages
679-688issue
6eissn
1744-666Xissn
1744-8409journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:INTRODUCTION:Patients with features of both asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) ('asthma-COPD overlap') experience greater symptom burden and higher risk of adverse health outcomes than those with asthma or COPD alone. However, virtually no pharmacotherapy studies have been performed in this overlap...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2017.1273109
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is caused by T-cell-mediated destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells in the pancreas. Genetic and immunological evidence from humans and mouse models indicates that CD4(+) T cells play a crucial role in the development and prevention of T1D. The dichotomy between CD4(+) T regulatory and e...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/1744666X.3.4.557
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:High mobility group protein box 1 (HMGB1) is a protein belonging to the alarmin family. HMGB1 has a relevant role in starting the inflammatory cascade by means of receptors, such as RAGE and TLR. HMGB1 supports transcription of many genes in interactions with many transcription factors, including NF-kB. Th...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2020.1752668
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Prediction of treatment outcome and clinical relapse in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), either ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease (CD), is particularly important because therapeutics for IBD are not always effective and patients in remission could frequently relapse. Because undergo...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2019.1593140
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of antibiotics to treat pathogenic bacterial infections has been one of the greatest contributions to human health, yet antibiotic use also perturbs the communities of commensal and symbiotic bacteria that reside in the intestine of mammals. The microbiota are critical for normal immune development and for mai...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/1744666X.2013.851603
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epigenetic modifications of gene expression comprise modifications of DNA by DNA methylation and modifications of the histone proteins by acetylation, methylation, SUMOylation or phosphorylation. DNA methylation in the promoter region of genes represses gene transcription. Histone modifications influence the structure...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/eci.11.37
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL Abs) are associated with thrombosis in patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). There is strong evidence that aPL Abs are pathogenic in vivo from studies in animal models. Furthermore, there are now convincing data indicating that activation of complement is involved in those...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/1744666X.4.2.193
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pathological similarities between sarcoidosis (SA) and tuberculosis (TB) suggest that mycobacterial antigen(s), in genetically different predisposed hosts, may be a cause of SA. The authors' work and other published comparative analyses of HLA and non-HLA alleles in patients with SA or TB from different ethnic groups ...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/eci.13.8
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nonsedating antihistamines are a first-line therapy in the management of allergic rhinitis. They relieve the majority of the histamine-mediated symptoms of the condition, including rhinorrhea, sneezing, and pruritus. The nonsedating antihistamine desloratadine is effective in alleviating the symptoms of both seasonal ...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/1744666X.2.4.519
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:CD40 ligand (CD40L) deficiency or X-linked Hyper-IgM syndrome is a severe primary immunodeficiency caused by mutations in the CD40L gene. Despite currently available treatments, CD40L-deficient patients remain susceptible to life-threatening infections and have poor long term survival. Areas covered: Here,...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2019.1573674
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some chemotherapeutic agents and all radiation therapy generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induce apoptosis in cancer cells. As ROS play a role in drug-induced apoptosis, one might suspect that antioxidants may inhibit ROS and prevent apoptosis of cancer cells. In order to find an answer to whether or not t...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/1744666X.2.6.931
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancy in the United States. While the treatment options have improved with conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy and advanced surgical techniques, disease recurrence is common and fatal in nearly all cases. Current evidence suggests that the immune syste...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/1744666X.2016.1147957
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic activation of immune responses, mediated by inflammatory mediators and involving different effector cells of the innate and acquired immune system characterizes autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis and septic shock syndrome. MAPKs are crucial intracellular m...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/1744666X.4.1.93
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunology, similar to other areas of clinical science, is a data-rich discipline that involves a great deal of interaction between healthcare professionals and their patients. The focus of this editorial is to review the challenges and opportunities for mobile healthcare applications within immunology. It is clear th...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 社论,评审
doi:10.1586/1744666X.2015.1010518
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Allergic diseases are among the most common diseases in humans. Besides allergen avoidance, allergen-specific immunotherapy is the only causative treatment option. During recent years, many innovations of this therapy have emerged. METHODS:Selective literature research in Medline and PubMed, under the inclu...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1586/eci.13.25
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory joint disease occurring in 6-39% of patients with psoriasis. Standard therapy of PsA includes nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, intra-articular steroids and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. Failure of standard therapy is an indication for anti-TNF-alpha the...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/eci.09.50
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Secondary immunodeficiency is becoming a greater medical concern as the usage of immunosuppressive and biological treatments has increased. Individuals with certain medical conditions, such as hematological malignancies, can also have secondary immunodeficiency. Immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IGRT), w...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2020.1788939
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over the past few years, the therapeutic potential of Treg has been highlighted in the field of autoimmune diseases and after allogeneic transplantation. The first hurdle for the therapeutic use of Treg is their insufficient numbers in non-manipulated individuals, in particular when facing strong immune activation and...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/1744666X.2014.943191
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lung fibrosis is a devastating disease that involves a variable degree of inflammation, alveolar epithelial injury, fibroblast hyperplasia and the deposition of extracellular matrix. Standard therapies that consist of corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents offer little benefit and most patients experience a prog...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/1744666X.2.1.87
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data generated using high-throughput DNA microarrays are changing the way we think about systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The identification of an interferon gene-expression signature in the majority of patients with SLE, especially those with severe SLE, has stimulated substantial interest in targeting the interfe...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/1744666X.3.6.913
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In current clinical practice, immune reactivity of kidney transplant recipients is estimated by monitoring the levels of immunosuppressive drugs, and by functional and/or histological evaluation of the allograft. The availability of assays that could directly quantify the extent of the recipient's immune response towa...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/eci.09.36
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Modern imaging may aid in the diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of therapeutic response in psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Detection of osteitis and technical advances like whole body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exemplify the value of this technology. Areas covered: Ultrasound (US) provides a clinic-base...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2016.1215245
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent epidemiological studies estimated that more than 30% of European suffer from allergic rhinitis or conjunctivitis, while up to 20% suffer from asthma and 15% from allergic skin conditions, while for many other regions the prevalence is increasing. Allergen immunotherapy represents the only available treatment th...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/1744666X.2015.977260
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Biologic drugs have revolutionized the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis in recent years because of their high efficacy and low risk of toxicity. However, even within the group of biologic therapies, there are differences related to the different mechanisms of action. Areas covered: We review the m...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2018.1454835
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an IL-7-related cytokine expressed predominantly by barrier epithelial cells. TSLP is a potent activator of several cell types, including myeloid-derived dendritic cells, monocytes/macrophages and mast cells. Recent studies have revealed an important role for TSLP in the initiati...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/eci.09.45
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has increased over the last 50 years. It is now recognized that several genetic defects can express an IBD-like phenotype at very early onset (<6 years). AREAS COVERED:The aim of this review was to update knowledge concerning the specificity of IBD at onse...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2016.1184571
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus have a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular events due to atherosclerosis. Traditional cardiac risk factors cannot fully explain this increased risk. Recent evidence strongly suggests that atherosclerotic plaque is largely driven by inflammation and an active immuno...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/eci.10.98
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Despite the emergence of newer immunomodulating agents for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a substantial proportion of patients still do not respond optimally. While the mechanisms for the differential responses to drug therapy are unclear, variation in drug exposure with the same dosing protocol relat...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2016.1212659
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by systemic synovitis causing joint destruction. With the development of biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) and combination of conventional DMARDs, clinical remission is perceived as an appropriate and realistic goal in many patients. Howe...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2016.1214576
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Patients affected by Inborn Errors of Immunity (IEI) represent a potential group-at-risk in the current COVID-19 pandemic. Studies on large and small cohorts of IEI reported a huge variability clinical manifestations associated to SARS-Cov-2, ranging from asymptomatic, mild, moderate/severe to death. A g...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2021.1873767
更新日期:2021-01-15 00:00:00