LRRK2 links genetic and sporadic Parkinson's disease.

abstract：:We have been analysing the signalling systems that couple to receptors of the TIR (Toll/interleukin-1 receptor) family, which signal through a common cytoplasm region; the TIR domain. These systems are of both practical and fundamental biological significance, being central to the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Dower SK,Qwarnstrom EE

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tribbles (TRIB) proteins are pseudokinase mediators of eukaryotic signalling that have evolved important roles in lipoprotein metabolism, immune function and cellular differentiation and proliferation. In addition, an evolutionary-conserved modulation of PI3K/AKT signalling pathways highlights them as novel and rather...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Foulkes DM,Byrne DP,Bailey FP,Eyers PA

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Large dense-core vesicles (LDCVs) were labelled in cultured bovine adrenal chromaffin cells expressing fluorescent chimaeric 'cargo' proteins that were targeted to these secretory vesicles. When the cells were stimulated with nicotine 48 h after transduction, the fractional loss of fluorescent LDCVs was much greater t...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Wiegand UK,Duncan RR,Greaves J,Chow RH,Shipston MJ,Apps DK

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:TDP-43 (TAR DNA-binding protein 43) is an hnRNP (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein) protein whose role in cellular processes has come to the forefront of neurodegeneration research after the observation that it is the main component of brain inclusions in ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) and FTLD (frontotempo...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Baralle M,Buratti E,Baralle FE

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three mammalian expression systems suitable for expressing recombinant receptors have been described. Each is suited to a different aspect of the study of receptors and their behaviour. IRES-based vectors are ideal for creating stable mammalian cell lines suitable for screening receptors using a signalling readout. Un...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Rhodes AD,Bevan N,Patel K,Lee M,Rees S

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Large single crystals (up to 1 mm in each dimension) of the B800-850 antenna complex from Rhodopseudomonas acidophila strain 10050 have been grown in the presence of beta-octyl-glucoside. These crystals have the space group R32 and unit cell dimensions of a = b = 119.9 A and c = 297.0 A. Recently we have improved our ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Cogdell RJ,Halloren E,Hawthornthwaite AM,Thunnissen MM,Freer AA,McDermott G,Guthrie N,Isaacs N,Lindsay JG,Papiz M

更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The completely sequenced genome of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC 6803 contains several open reading frames, of which the deduced amino acid sequences show similarities to proteins known to be involved in FeS cluster synthesis of nitrogenase (Nif proteins) and other FeS proteins (Isc proteins). In this article, ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Seidler A,Jaschkowitz K,Wollenberg M

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) family of lipid kinases regulate cell motility in diverse organisms and cell types. In mammals, the main PI3K enzyme activated by chemokine receptor signalling is the class IB isoform, p110gamma. Studies of p110gamma-knockout mice have shown an essential function for this isoform i...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Oak JS,Matheu MP,Parker I,Cahalan MD,Fruman DA

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Moonlighting proteins serve one or more novel functions in addition to their canonical roles. Moonlighting functions arise when an adventitious interaction between a protein and a new partner improves fitness of the organism. Selective pressure for improvement in the new function can result in two alternative outcomes...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Copley SD

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Regulation of protein synthesis is an important aspect of growth control. RNA polymerase (pol) III plays a key role in this process by catalysing production of tRNA and 5 S rRNA. Growth factors trigger a rapid increase in pol III activity and this is essential for cell proliferation. The transcription factor TFIIIB pl...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Mauger E,Scott PH

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The oxidoreductase Trx-1 (thioredoxin 1) is highly conserved and found intra- and extra-cellularly in mammalian systems. There is increasing interest in its capacity to regulate immune function based on observations of altered distribution and expression during ageing and disease. We have investigated previously wheth...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Griffiths HR,Bennett SJ,Olofsson P,Dunston CR

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cell-cycle-co-ordinated initiation of chromosomal replication is highly regulated. The ordered assembly and conformational change of specific proteins at the replication origin are crucial to the process of replication initiation. In Escherichia coli, ATP-DnaA molecules form multimeric complexes with the chromosom...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Katayama T

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An RNA world has been placed centre stage for explaining the origin of life. Indeed, RNA is the most plausible molecule able to form both a (self)-replicator and to inherit information, necessities for initiating genetics. However, in parallel with self-replication, the proto-organism had to obtain the ability to cata...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Ralser M

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Beta galactosidases (BGALs) are glycosyl hydrolases that remove terminal β-D-galactosyl residues from β-D-galactosides. There are 17 predicted BGAL genes in the genomes of both Arabidopsis (BGAL1-17) and tomato (TBG1-17). All tested BGALs have BGAL activity but their distinct expression profiles and ancient phylogenet...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Chandrasekar B,van der Hoorn RA

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The glutamate/aspartate transporter GLAST-1 is expressed in bone in vivo and also exists as a splice variant (GLAST-1a) in which exon 3 is excluded. Since GLAST-1 expression is regulated in bone in response to osteogenic mechanical stimuli in vivo and binding of glutamate to receptors on osteoblasts increases osteobla...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Huggett JF,Mustafa A,O'neal L,Mason DJ

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pantothenate (vitamin B5) is a water-soluble vitamin essential for the synthesis of CoA and ACP (acyl-carrier protein, cofactors in energy yielding reactions including carbohydrate metabolism and fatty acid synthesis. Pantothenate is synthesized de novo by plants and micro-organisms; however, animals obtain the vitami...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Coxon KM,Chakauya E,Ottenhof HH,Whitney HM,Blundell TL,Abell C,Smith AG

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Post-translational modification (PTM) of histones has been investigated in eukaryotes for years, revealing its widespread occurrence and functional importance. Many PTMs affect chromatin folding and gene activity. Only recently the occurrence of such modifications has been recognized in bacteria. However, it is unclea...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Dilweg IW,Dame RT

更新日期：2018-10-19 00:00:00

abstract：:BK (large conductance calcium- and voltage-activated potassium) channels are important determinants of physiological control in the nervous, endocrine and vascular systems with channel dysfunction associated with major disorders ranging from epilepsy to hypertension and obesity. Thus the mechanisms that control channe...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Shipston MJ

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The formation of complexes between growth factor receptors and members of a family of G-protein-coupled receptors whose natural ligands are S1P (sphingosine 1-phosphate) and LPA (lysophosphatidic acid) represents a new signalling entity. This receptor complex allows for integrated signalling in response to growth fact...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Pyne NJ,Waters C,Moughal NA,Sambi BS,Pyne S

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Autophagosomes form in eukaryotic cells in response to starvation or to other stress conditions brought about by the unwanted presence in the cytosol of pathogens, damaged organelles or aggregated protein assemblies. The uniqueness of autophagosomes is that they form de novo and that they are the only double-membraned...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Ktistakis NT,Karanasios E,Manifava M

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The protein kinase C (PKC) family of serine/threonine protein kinases share structural homology, while exhibiting substantial functional diversity. PKC isoforms are ubiquitously expressed in tissues which makes it difficult to define roles for individual isoforms, with complexity compounded by the finding that PKC iso...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Tarafdar A,Michie AM

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:FcRn was originally identified as the receptor responsible for IgG binding to the intestinal epithelium of neonatal rats and mice. FcRn transports IgG from milk across the intestinal epithelial cells of the suckling animal. Subsequently, FcRn was detected in tissues involved in the transmission of IgG from mother to f...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Simister NE,Jacobowitz Israel E,Ahouse JC,Story CM

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are important signalling enzymes in most cell types. Recent gene targeting studies have shed light on the importance of this family of lipid kinases in the immune system, and the complex mechanisms by which these kinases are regulated in vivo. We have recently reported a phenotype of...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Okkenhaug K,Vanhaesebroeck B

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Data from experimental studies in animals and from epidemiological studies in humans suggest a link between insulin and cognitive performance. Do these results translate into clinical and therapeutic benefit for people with cognitive impairment? Insulin injected peripherally can readily cross the blood-brain barrier. ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Strachan MW

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Senescence is a tumour suppressor mechanism which is cell-intrinsically activated in the context of cellular stress. Senescence can further be propagated to neighbouring cells, a process called secondary senescence induction. Secondary senescence was initially shown as a paracrine response to the secretion of cytokine...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Kirschner K,Rattanavirotkul N,Quince MF,Chandra T

更新日期：2020-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:cAMP is an essential signalling molecule whose concentration in cells is regulated by a wide range of hormones. A large number of diseases, including cancer and asthma, are linked to improper regulation of the cAMP signalling system, and manipulation of cAMP levels by pharmaceutical agents has proven therapeutic benef...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Yarwood SJ

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:From a random transposon mutagenesis experiment, using Petunia line W138, a seed-specific linoleic acid mutant was isolated. The tagged gene was cloned and identified as a microsomal Delta(12) desaturase. Expression of the gene, however, was constitutive and not, as might have been expected, seed-specific. Moreover, s...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Verwoert I,Meller-Harel Y,van der Linden K,Verbree B,Koes R,Stuitje A

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:RAMPs (receptor activity-modifying proteins) are single-pass transmembrane proteins that associate with certain family-B GPCRs (G-protein-coupled receptors). Specifically for the CT (calcitonin) receptor-like receptor and the CT receptor, this results in profound changes in ligand binding and receptor pharmacology, al...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Conner AC,Simms J,Hay DL,Mahmoud K,Howitt SG,Wheatley M,Poyner DR

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order for cells to divide in a proficient manner, they must first double their biomass, which is considered to be the main rate-limiting phase of cell proliferation. Cell growth requires an abundance of energy and biosynthetic precursors such as lipids and amino acids. Consequently, the energy and nutrient status o...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Dunlop EA,Tee AR

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the intracellular microenvironment of active muscle tissue, high rates of respiration are maintained at near-limiting oxygen concentrations. The respiration of isolated heart mitochondria is a hyperbolic function of oxygen concentration and half-maximal rates were obtained at 0.4 and 0.7 microM O(2) with substrates...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Gnaiger E,Kuznetsov AV

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00