Organoids as a new model for improving regenerative medicine and cancer personalized therapy in renal diseases.

Abstract:

:The pressure towards innovation and creation of new model systems in regenerative medicine and cancer research has fostered the development of novel potential therapeutic applications. Kidney injuries provoke a high request of organ transplants making it the most demanding system in the field of regenerative medicine. Furthermore, renal cancer frequently threaten patients' life and aggressive forms still remain difficult to treat. Ethical issues related to the use of embryonic stem cells, has fueled research on adult, patient-specific pluripotent stem cells as a model for discovery and therapeutic development, but to date, normal and cancerous renal experimental models are lacking. Several research groups are focusing on the development of organoid cultures. Since organoids mimic the original tissue architecture in vitro, they represent an excellent model for tissue engineering studies and cancer therapy testing. We established normal and tumor renal cell carcinoma organoids previously maintained in a heterogeneous multi-clone stem cell-like enriching medium. Starting from adult normal kidney specimens, we were able to isolate and propagate organoid 3D-structures composed of both differentiated and undifferentiated cells while expressing nephron specific markers. Furthermore, we were capable to establish organoids derived from cancer tissues although with a success rate inferior to that of their normal counterpart. Cancer cultures displayed epithelial and mesenchymal phenotype while retaining tumor specific markers. Of note, tumor organoids recapitulated neoplastic masses when orthotopically injected into immunocompromised mice. Our data suggest an innovative approach of long-term establishment of normal- and cancer-derived renal organoids obtained from cultures of fleshly dissociated adult tissues. Our results pave the way to organ replacement pioneering strategies as well as to new models for studying drug-induced nephrotoxicity and renal diseases. Along similar lines, deriving organoids from renal cancer patients opens unprecedented opportunities for generation of preclinical models aimed at improving therapeutic treatments.

journal_name

Cell Death Dis

journal_title

Cell death & disease

authors

Grassi L,Alfonsi R,Francescangeli F,Signore M,De Angelis ML,Addario A,Costantini M,Flex E,Ciolfi A,Pizzi S,Bruselles A,Pallocca M,Simone G,Haoui M,Falchi M,Milella M,Sentinelli S,Di Matteo P,Stellacci E,Gallucci M,

doi

10.1038/s41419-019-1453-0

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-02-27 00:00:00

pages

201

issue

3

issn

2041-4889

pii

10.1038/s41419-019-1453-0

journal_volume

10

pub_type

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