The role of category density in pigeons' tracking of relevant information.

abstract：:We recently reported a study (Warneken & Rosati Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 282, 20150229, 2015) examining whether chimpanzees possess several cognitive capacities that are critical to engage in cooking. In a subsequent commentary, Beran, Hopper, de Waal, Sayers, and Brosnan Learning & Behavior (2015) asserted...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Rosati AG,Warneken F

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Consistent with human gambling behavior but contrary to optimal foraging theory, pigeons show a strong preference for an alternative with low probability and high payoff (a gambling-like alternative) over an alternative with a greater net payoff (Zentall & Stagner, Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 278, 1203-1208, 2...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Molet M,Miller HC,Laude JR,Kirk C,Manning B,Zentall TR

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We frame behavior in classical conditioning experiments as the product of normative statistical inference. According to this theory, animals learn an internal model of their environment from experience. The basic building blocks of this internal model are latent causes-explanatory constructs inferred by the animal tha...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Gershman SJ,Niv Y

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A novel learning process that does not require stimulus associations was explored in humans. The hypothesis was that two contextual stimuli taught in separate settings, with different stimuli, become equivalent if they accomplish identical functions with regard to the relations between the stimuli presented with them....

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Pérez-González LA,Díaz E,Fernández-García S,Baizán C

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although social play is common to many species, humans are unique in their ability to extract some of the benefits of social play through imagination. For example, in play with imaginary companions (ICs), children often practice skills that might be useful for later adaptive social, relational, and emotional functioni...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Gleason TR

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Proops, Grounds, Smith, and McComb (2018) suggest that horses remember previous emotional expressions of specific humans, and use these memories to adjust their behavior in future social interactions. Despite some methodological shortcomings, this study raises important questions on the complexity of social interactio...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Amici F

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of object-recognition memory in lab rats began in the late 1980s, using variants of the trial-unique delayed nonmatching-to-sample (DNMS) task. By the end of the 20th century, most investigators who wanted to study object-recognition in rodents had abandoned the DNMS task in favor of the novel-object-preferenc...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Cole E,Simundic A,Mossa FP,Mumby DG

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In three experiments, rats of different ages were trained in a circular pool to find a hidden platform whose location was defined in terms of a single landmark, a cylinder outside the pool. Following training, two main components of the landmark, its shape and pattern, were tested individually. Experiment 1 was perfor...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Chamizo VD,Torres MN,Rodríguez CA,Mackintosh NJ

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Systematic variations in the rate and temporal patterns of responding under a multiple concurrent-chains schedule were quantified using recurrence metrics and self-organizing maps to assess whether individual rats showed consistent or idiosyncratic patterns. The results indicated that (1) the temporal regularity of re...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Mercado E 3rd,Orduña V

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reactivity to a reward is affected by prior experience with the different reinforcer values of that reward, a phenomenon known as incentive relativity, which can be studied using the consummatory succesive negative contrast (cSNC) paradigm, in which the performance of animals that receive a 4 % sucrose solution after ...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Justel N,Pautassi R,Mustaca A

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats received three-trial series on a T-maze consisting of extended visually distinct left-black and right-striped side runways. During the first phase of training, when allowed to select baited runways within these series, they predominantly alternated their choices. During the second phase, rats received forced-choi...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Cohen J,Westlake K,Szelest I

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In two experiments, we examined the discrimination of photographs of individual pigeons by pigeons, using go/no-go discrimination procedures. In Experiments 1A and 1B, the pigeons were trained to discriminate 4 photographs of one pigeon from those of a number of pigeons. The subjects learned the discrimination, but th...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Nakamura T,Croft DB,Westbrook RF

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infants' memories are highly specific to their training stimuli; they rarely transfer learned responding. In two experiments, we asked whether sensory preconditioning facilitates the transfer of deferred imitation. In Experiments 1A and 1B, 6-month-olds were simultaneously preexposed to Puppets A and B and then saw ta...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Barr R,Marrott H,Rovee-Collier C

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three experiments explored the link between reward shifts and latent inhibition (LI). Using consummatory procedures, rewards were either downshifted from 32% to 4% sucrose (Experiments 1-2), or upshifted from 4% to 32% sucrose (Experiment 3). In both cases, appropriate unshifted controls were also included. LI was imp...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： De la Casa LG,Mena A,Ruiz-Salas JC,Quintero E,Papini MR

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When humans procrastinate, they delay completing a required relatively aversive task. In the present experiments with pigeons, we considered the possibility that completing the task close to the deadline results in the formation of a stronger conditioned reinforcer. In Experiment 1, pigeons were given a choice between...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Zentall TR,Peng D,House D,Halloran M

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Are humans unique in their ability to interpret exogenous events as causes? We addressed this question by observing the behavior of rats for indications of causal learning. Within an operant motor-sensory preconditioning paradigm, associative surgical techniques revealed that rats attempted to control an outcome (i.e....

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Polack CW,McConnell BL,Miller RR

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:New Caledonian (NC) crows are the most sophisticated tool manufacturers other than humans. The diversification and geographical distribution of their three Pandanus tool designs that differ in complexity, as well as the lack of ecological correlates, suggest that cumulative technological change has taken place. To inv...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Holzhaider JC,Hunt GR,Gray RD

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We compared acquisition and performance accounts of human contingency learning. After solving a discrimination in Phase 1, in which Cue A predicted the occurrence of the outcome and Cue B predicted its nonoccurrence (A+/B-), a new discrimination (X+/Y-) was superimposed in Phase 2 (AX+/BY-). The participants were fina...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Castro L,Wasserman EA

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A recent study by Saunders, Richard, Margolis, and Janak (2018) shows that there is a great deal left to learn about what different mesotelencephalic dopamine circuits contribute to learning about the motivational significance of reward-related cues. Their findings suggest that nigrostriatal and mesolimbic dopamine pa...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Ostlund SB

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In four experiments, rats were trained on different patterning discriminations before being tested with compounds composed of novel combinations of the trained stimuli. In Experiment 1, rats were trained on a negative-patterning schedule (A+ B+ AB-) intermixed with reinforced presentations of a second compound (CD+). ...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Harris JA,Gharaei S,Moore CA

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Behavior reduced as a consequence of extinction or intervention can relapse. According to behavioral momentum theory, the extent to which behavior persists and relapses once it has been eliminated depends on the relative training reinforcement rate among discriminative stimuli. In addition, studies of context renewal ...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Miranda-Dukoski L,Bensemann J,Podlesnik CA

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We tested a California sea lion for visual oddity learning by presentingproblems composed ofthree two-dimensional black-and-white stimuli, two identical (S-) and one different (S+). In the first experimental stage, a single problem per session was presented until learning criterion was reached. In the second experimen...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Hille P,Dehnhardt G,Mauck B

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An artificial-intelligence model based on deep learning developed units in a hidden layer that resembled mammalian grid cells in the hippocampus when the agent was taught to integrate paths. The full model performed sophisticated navigational tasks-in some cases even better than a human. ...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Cheng K

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present research demonstrates a conditioning order effect difference: Odor-aversion conditioning is stronger following OT+/O+ conditioning than following O+/OT+ conditioning with specific odor (O) and taste (T) cues. When a weak odor cue was used in Experiments 1A and 1B, OT+/O+ conditioning produced significantly...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Batson JD,Watkins JH,Doyle K,Batsell WR Jr

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The main features of the Shuttle Box Active Avoidance paradigm (e.g., the use of simple locomotor response as an operant and electrical current as a primary reinforcer) make this task easily automated. However, learning in this paradigm cannot be easily separated from the specificity of fear motivation. Punishment and...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Berezhnoy DS,Zamorina TA,Inozemtsev AN

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A recent report suggested that chimpanzees demonstrate the cognitive capacities necessary to understand cooking (Warneken & Rosati, 2015). We offered alternative explanations and mechanisms that could account for the behavioral responses of those chimpanzees, and questioned the manner in which the data were used to ex...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Beran MJ,Hopper LM,de Waal FB,Brosnan SF,Sayers K

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pet dogs are known to be responsive to human pointing gestures, but shelter dogs have repeatedly demonstrated poor abilities to follow human pointing, although they can be explicitly trained quickly. This study evaluated the time course in which shelter dogs learn to follow points without explicit training, when given...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Jarvis T,Hall NJ

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In five conditioned taste aversion experiments with rats, summation, retardation, and preference tests were used to assess the effects of extinguishing a conditioned saccharin aversion for three or nine trials. In Experiment 1, a summation test showed that saccharin aversion extinguished over nine trials reduced the a...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Brooks DC,Bowker JL,Anderson JE,Palmatier MI

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When facing two sets of imprinting objects of different numerousness, domestic chicks prefer to approach the larger one. Given that choice for familiar and novel stimuli in imprinting situations is known to be affected by the sex of the animals, we investigated how male and female domestic chicks divide the time spent...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Lemaire BS,Rugani R,Regolin L,Vallortigara G

更新日期：2020-10-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent findings have indicated that European starlings perceive overall spectral shape and use this, rather than absolute pitch or timbre, to generalize between similar melodic progressions. This finding highlights yet another parallel between human and avian vocal communication systems and has many biological implica...

journal_title：Learning & behavior

authors： Templeton CN

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00