Abstract:
:Self/foreign discrimination by the innate immune system depends on receptors that identify molecular patterns as associated to pathogens. Among others, this group includes endosomal Toll-like receptors, among which Toll-like receptors (TLR) 3, 7, 8, and 13 recognize and discriminate mammalian from microbial, potentially pathogen-associated, RNA. One of the discriminatory principles is the recognition of endogenous RNA modifications. Previous work has identified a couple of RNA modifications that impede activation of TLR signaling when incorporated in synthetic RNA molecules. Of note, work that is more recent has now shown that RNA modifications in their naturally occurring context can have immune-modulatory functions: Gm, a naturally occurring ribose-methylation within tRNA resulted in a lack of TLR7 stimulation and within a defined sequence context acted as antagonist. Additional RNA modifications with immune-modulatory functions have now been identified and recent work also indicates that RNA modifications within the context of whole prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells are indeed used for immune-modulation. This review will discuss new findings and developments in the field of immune-modulatory RNA modifications.
journal_name
Genes (Basel)journal_title
Genesauthors
Freund I,Eigenbrod T,Helm M,Dalpke AHdoi
10.3390/genes10020092subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-01-29 00:00:00issue
2issn
2073-4425pii
genes10020092journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
Genes文献大全abstract::The dog population of Southern East Asia is unique in harboring virtually the full range of the universal mtDNA gene pool, and consequently, it has the highest genetic diversity worldwide. Despite this, limited research has been performed on dog genetics within this region. Here we present the first comprehensive stud...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/genes11030253
更新日期:2020-02-27 00:00:00
abstract::DNA methylation is an essential part of the epigenome chromatin modification network, which also comprises several covalent histone protein post-translational modifications. All these modifications are highly interconnected, because the writers and erasers of one mark, DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and ten eleven tra...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/genes9110566
更新日期:2018-11-21 00:00:00
abstract::While methods for detecting SNVs and indels in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) with hybridization capture-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) have been available, copy number variations (CNVs) detection is more challenging. Here, we present a method enabling CNV detection from a 150-gene panel using a very low amount...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/genes10110926
更新日期:2019-11-14 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.) Iljinskaja, a unique species growing in southern China, is a multi-function tree species with medicinal, healthcare, material, and ornamental values. So far, sexual reproduction is the main method for extensive cultivation of C. paliurus plantations, but this is limited by low seed plumpne...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/genes10100818
更新日期:2019-10-17 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is divided into nine genotypes, A to I. Currently, it remains unclear how the individual genotypes contribute to the estimated 250 million chronic HBV infections. We performed a literature search on HBV genotyping data throughout the world. Over 900 publications were assessed and data were extr...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/genes9100495
更新日期:2018-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has recently brought new insight into cell differentiation processes and functional variation in cell subtypes from homogeneous cell populations. A lack of prior knowledge makes unsupervised machine learning methods, such as clustering, suitable for analyzing scRNA-seq . However,...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/genes10020098
更新日期:2019-01-29 00:00:00
abstract::The impacts and interactions between hatchery-bred fish and wild fish populations has been a topic of active investigation in recent decades. In some instances, the benefits of stocking can be overshadowed by negative effects such as genetic introgression with natural populations, loss of genetic diversity, and diluti...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/genes11020184
更新日期:2020-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::Transcriptional regulation of the genome arguably provides the basis for the anatomical elaboration and dynamic operation of the human brain. It logically follows that genetic variations affecting gene transcription contribute to mental health disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A number of recent stu...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/genes11050535
更新日期:2020-05-11 00:00:00
abstract::The complete mutational spectrum of dystrophinopathies and limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) remains unknown in Mexican population. Seventy-two unrelated Mexican male patients (73% of pediatric age) with clinical suspicion of muscular dystrophy and no evidence of DMD gene deletion on multiplex polymerase chain rea...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/genes10110856
更新日期:2019-10-29 00:00:00
abstract::Epigenetics contributes to molecular mechanisms leading to tumor cell transformation and systemic progression of cancer. However, the dynamics of epigenetic remodeling during metastasis remains unexplored. In this context, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) might enable a direct insight into epigenetic mechanisms relevant...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/genes6041053
更新日期:2015-10-21 00:00:00
abstract::The northern sea otter inhabits coastal waters of the northern Pacific Ocean and is the largest member of the Mustelidae family. DNA sequencing methods that utilize microfluidic partitioned and non-partitioned library construction were used to establish the sea otter genome. The final assembly provided 2.426 Gbp of hi...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/genes8120379
更新日期:2017-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::Single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) is quite prevalent in studying transcriptomes, but it suffers from excessive zeros, some of which are true, but others are false. False zeros, which can be seen as missing data, obstruct the downstream analysis of single-cell RNA-seq data. How to distinguish true zeros from false ones i...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/genes11050532
更新日期:2020-05-11 00:00:00
abstract::Fig wasps are a peculiar group of insects which, for millions of years, have inhabited the enclosed syconia of fig trees. Considering the relatively closed and dark environment of fig syconia, we hypothesize that the fig wasps' oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway, which is the main oxygen consumption and adenos...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/genes11111353
更新日期:2020-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Living organisms are usually exposed to various DNA damaging agents so the mechanisms to detect and repair diverse DNA lesions have developed in all organisms with the result of maintaining genome integrity. Defects in DNA repair machinery contribute to cancer, certain diseases, and aging. Therefore, conserving the ge...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/genes8110299
更新日期:2017-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::Engineered yeast are an important production platform for the biosynthesis of high-value compounds with medical applications. Recent years have witnessed several new developments in this area, largely spurred by advances in the field of synthetic biology and the elucidation of natural metabolic pathways. This minirevi...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/genes9070340
更新日期:2018-07-06 00:00:00
abstract::Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Lamiaceae) is the source of the well-known traditional Chinese medicine "HuangQin" (Radix Scutellariae). Natural sources of S. baicalensis are rapidly declining due to high market demand and overexploitation. Moreover, the commercial products of Radix Scutellariae have often been found ...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/genes8090227
更新日期:2017-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::We report the underlying genetic causes of prelingual hearing loss (HL) segregating in eight large consanguineous families, ascertained from the Punjab province of Pakistan. Exome sequencing followed by segregation analysis revealed seven potentially pathogenic variants, including four novel alleles c.257G>A, c.6083A>...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/genes11090978
更新日期:2020-08-22 00:00:00
abstract::Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is an extremely aggressive disease with a high metastatic potential. Most patients are diagnosed with metastatic disease, at which the five-year survival rate is only 3%. A better understanding of the mechanisms that drive metastasis is imperative for the development of better therapeu...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/genes11010006
更新日期:2019-12-19 00:00:00
abstract::The homeodomain-leucine zipper (HD-Zip) transcription factor family is a key transcription factor family and unique to the plant kingdom. It consists of a homeodomain and a leucine zipper that serve in combination as a dimerization motif. The family can be classified into four subfamilies, and these subfamilies partic...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/genes7050019
更新日期:2016-05-17 00:00:00
abstract::Background: The C34T polymorphism (rs 17602729) in adenosine monophosphate deaminase 1 gene (AMPD1) is associated with muscular energy metabolism in exercise. However, the role of its potential modifying impact on exercise-induced changes in obesity related parameters is unknown. The aim of the study was to determine ...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/genes11050558
更新日期:2020-05-16 00:00:00
abstract::The Sichuan partridge (Arborophila rufipectus, Phasianidae, Galliformes) is distributed in south-west China, and classified as endangered grade. To examine the evolution and genomic features of Sichuan partridge, we de novo assembled the Sichuan partridge reference genome. The final draft assembly consisted of approxi...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/genes10090677
更新日期:2019-09-05 00:00:00
abstract::Xeroderma pigmentosum group C (XPC) is a key component of the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway. Dysfunctional XPC protein may impair NER-mediated DNA repair capacity and further lead to genomic instability and carcinogenesis. Two common nonsynonymous polymorphisms in the XPC gene, Lys939Gln (rs2228001 A > C) a...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/genes7100073
更新日期:2016-09-24 00:00:00
abstract::RPE65 isomerase, expressed in the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE), is an enzymatic component of the retinoid cycle, converting all-trans retinyl ester into 11-cis retinol, and it is essential for vision, because it replenishes the photon capturing 11-cis retinal. To date, almost 200 loss-of-function mutations have ...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/genes11121420
更新日期:2020-11-27 00:00:00
abstract::RNA plays complex roles in normal health and disease and is becoming an important target for therapeutic intervention; accordingly, therapeutic strategies that modulate RNA function have gained great interest over the past decade. Antisense oligonucleotides (AOs) are perhaps the most promising strategy to modulate RNA...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/genes8020051
更新日期:2017-01-26 00:00:00
abstract::During vertebrate embryogenesis, precise regulation of gene expression is crucial for proper cell fate determination. Much of what we know about vertebrate development has been gleaned from experiments performed on embryos of the amphibian Xenopus laevis; this review will focus primarily on studies of this model organ...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/genes10110895
更新日期:2019-11-06 00:00:00
abstract::Testis cords are the embryonic precursors of the seminiferous tubules. Development of testis cords is a key event during embryonic testicular morphogenesis and is regulated by multiple signaling molecules produced by Sertoli cells. However, the exact nature and the cascade of molecular events underlying testis cord de...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/genes10120974
更新日期:2019-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::In contrast to the amazing exponential growth in knowledge related to long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved in cell homeostasis or dysregulated pathological states, little is known so far about the links between the chemical modifications occurring in lncRNAs and their function. Generally, ncRNAs are post-transcript...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/genes10010052
更新日期:2019-01-16 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic isolated populations have features that may facilitate genetic analyses and can be leveraged to improve power of mapping genes to complex traits. Our aim was to test the extent to which a population with a former history of geographic isolation and religious endogamy, and currently with one of the highest fert...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/genes8050133
更新日期:2017-05-04 00:00:00
abstract::: The organelles of endosymbiotic origin, plastids, and mitochondria, evolved through the serial acquisition of endosymbionts by a host cell. These events were accompanied by gene transfer from the symbionts to the host, resulting in most of the organellar proteins being encoded in the cell nuclear genome and traffick...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/genes9080412
更新日期:2018-08-14 00:00:00
abstract::Protein sequence, structure, and function are inherently linked through evolution and population genetics. Our knowledge of protein structure comes from solved structures in the Protein Data Bank (PDB), our knowledge of sequence through sequences found in the NCBI sequence databases (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/), and...
journal_title:Genes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/genes2040748
更新日期:2011-10-28 00:00:00