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Why are children different in their moderate-to-vigorous physical activity levels? A multilevel analysis.

Abstract：

OBJECTIVE:Children's differences in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity levels are not at random. This study investigates the relevance of individual- and school-level characteristics in explaining these differences. METHODS:In total, 307 children (154 girls) aged 5-10 years, from 19 Portuguese schools, were sampled. Height and weight were measured, and body mass index was calculated. Time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was measured by accelerometry. Gross motor coordination was assessed with the KörperkoordinationsTest für Kinder battery and socio-economic status was obtained via the school social support system. School characteristics were obtained with an objective school audit. A multilevel analysis was used as implemented in Stata 15. RESULTS:Schools explained 18.2% of the total variance in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, with the remainder being ascribed to children's distinct characteristics. Boys were more active (β=29.59±11.52, p<0.05), and having higher gross motor coordination levels (β=0.11±0.04, p<0.05) was positively associated with daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, whereas being older (β=-5.00±1.57, p<0.05) and having higher socio-economic status (β=-7.89±3.12, p<0.05) were negatively related with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. From the school-level correlates, only playground dimension was significantly associated with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity levels. Children from schools with medium (40m2 to 69m2) and large playground dimensions (≥70m2) were less active than children with smaller playground dimensions (10m2 to 39m2). CONCLUSIONS:Variation in school children's moderate-to-vigorous physical activity is mostly explained by their individual characteristics; school characteristics also play a role but to a smaller degree. Future intervention programs to change this behavior should be more personalized, emphasizing mostly individual-level characteristics.

journal_name

J Pediatr (Rio J)

journal_title

Jornal de pediatria

authors

Pereira S,Reyes A,Moura-Dos-Santos MA,Santos C,Gomes TN,Tani G,Vasconcelos O,Barreira TV,Katzmarzyk PT,Maia J

doi

10.1016/j.jped.2018.10.013

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-01-01 00:00:00

pages

225-232

issue

eissn

0021-7557

issn

1678-4782

pii

S0021-7557(18)30656-9

journal_volume

pub_type

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Why are children different in their moderate-to-vigorous physical activity levels? A multilevel analysis.