Students need guidance in languages they speak.

abstract：:Deaf children whose access to usable conventional linguistic input, signed or spoken, is severely limited nevertheless use gesture to communicate. These gestures resemble natural language in that they are structured at the level both of sentence and of word. Although the inclination to use gesture may be traceable to ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Goldin-Meadow S,Mylander C

更新日期：1998-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Ubiquitin, a 76-residue protein, occurs in cells either free or covalently joined to a variety of protein species, from chromosomal histones to cytoplasmic proteins. Conjugation of ubiquitin to proteolytic substrates is essential for the selective degradation of intracellular proteins in higher eukaryotes. We show her...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ozkaynak E,Finley D,Varshavsky A

更新日期：1984-12-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Processes such as the scattering of alpha particles ((4)He), the triple-alpha reaction, and alpha capture play a major role in stellar nucleosynthesis. In particular, alpha capture on carbon determines the ratio of carbon to oxygen during helium burning, and affects subsequent carbon, neon, oxygen, and silicon burning...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Elhatisari S,Lee D,Rupak G,Epelbaum E,Krebs H,Lähde TA,Luu T,Meißner UG

更新日期：2015-12-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Runs of adenines (adenine tracts) have been implicated as the main determinant of sequence-directed DNA bending. The most widely used experimental test for bending relies on the observation that bent DNA migrates more slowly than straight DNA on a polyacrylamide electrophoresis gel. It was shown recently that the poly...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Burkhoff AM,Tullius TD

更新日期：1988-02-04 00:00:00

abstract：:More than 30 years ago, human beings looked back from the Moon to see the magnificent spectacle of Earth-rise. The technology that put us into space has since been used to assess the damage we are doing to our natural environment and is now being harnessed to monitor and predict diseases through space and time. Satell...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rogers DJ,Randolph SE,Snow RW,Hay SI

更新日期：2002-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:RecBCD is a multi-functional enzyme complex that processes DNA ends resulting from a double-strand break. RecBCD is a bipolar helicase that splits the duplex into its component strands and digests them until encountering a recombinational hotspot (Chi site). The nuclease activity is then attenuated and RecBCD loads Re...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Singleton MR,Dillingham MS,Gaudier M,Kowalczykowski SC,Wigley DB

更新日期：2004-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Superantigens bind class II major histocompatibility proteins and stimulate powerful proliferative responses of T lymphocytes bearing particular V beta sequences as part of their alpha beta antigen receptor. Exogenous bacterial superantigens are responsible for food poisoning and toxic shock syndrome. Murine virus-enc...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lafon M,Lafage M,Martinez-Arends A,Ramirez R,Vuillier F,Charron D,Lotteau V,Scott-Algara D

更新日期：1992-08-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The presence of large Northern Hemisphere ice sheets and reduced greenhouse gas concentrations during the Last Glacial Maximum fundamentally altered global ocean-atmosphere climate dynamics. Model simulations and palaeoclimate records suggest that glacial boundary conditions affected the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Jones TR,Roberts WHG,Steig EJ,Cuffey KM,Markle BR,White JWC

更新日期：2018-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Spatial patterning is a ubiquitous feature of biological systems. Meiotic crossovers provide an interesting example, defined by the classic phenomenon of crossover interference. Here we identify a molecular pathway for interference by analysing crossover patterns in budding yeast. Topoisomerase II plays a central role...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zhang L,Wang S,Yin S,Hong S,Kim KP,Kleckner N

更新日期：2014-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Excitatory amino acids induce both acute membrane depolarization and latent cellular toxicity, which often leads to apoptosis in many neurological disorders. Recent studies indicate that glutamate toxicity may involve the c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) group of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases. One member of...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yang DD,Kuan CY,Whitmarsh AJ,Rincón M,Zheng TS,Davis RJ,Rakic P,Flavell RA

更新日期：1997-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Pinocytosis and membrane ruffling are among the earliest and most dramatic cellular responses to stimulation by growth factors or other mitogens. The small Ras-related G proteins Rho and Rac have a regulatory role in membrane ruffling and activated Rho has been shown to stimulate pinocytosis when microinjected into Xe...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lamaze C,Chuang TH,Terlecky LJ,Bokoch GM,Schmid SL

更新日期：1996-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Endothelial cells adopt tissue-specific characteristics to instruct organ development and regeneration1,2. This adaptability is lost in cultured adult endothelial cells, which do not vascularize tissues in an organotypic manner. Here, we show that transient reactivation of the embryonic-restricted ETS variant transcri...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Palikuqi B,Nguyen DT,Li G,Schreiner R,Pellegata AF,Liu Y,Redmond D,Geng F,Lin Y,Gómez-Salinero JM,Yokoyama M,Zumbo P,Zhang T,Kunar B,Witherspoon M,Han T,Tedeschi AM,Scottoni F,Lipkin SM,Dow L,Elemento O,Xiang JZ

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the fluctuations in marine fish stocks is important for the management of fisheries, and attempts have been made to demonstrate links with oceanographic and climatic variability, including the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The NAO has been correlated with a range of long-term ecological measures, inc...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Attrill MJ,Power M

更新日期：2002-05-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Embryonic stem (ES) cells are pluripotent and characterized by open chromatin and high transcription levels, achieved through auto-regulatory and feed-forward transcription factor loops. ES-cell identity is maintained by a core of factors including Oct4 (also known as Pou5f1), Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc (OSKM) and Nanog, and f...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pijnappel WW,Esch D,Baltissen MP,Wu G,Mischerikow N,Bergsma AJ,van der Wal E,Han DW,Bruch Hv,Moritz S,Lijnzaad P,Altelaar AF,Sameith K,Zaehres H,Heck AJ,Holstege FC,Schöler HR,Timmers HT

更新日期：2013-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcification of the aortic valve is the third leading cause of heart disease in adults. The incidence increases with age, and it is often associated with a bicuspid aortic valve present in 1-2% of the population. Despite the frequency, neither the mechanisms of valve calcification nor the developmental origin of a tw...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Garg V,Muth AN,Ransom JF,Schluterman MK,Barnes R,King IN,Grossfeld PD,Srivastava D

更新日期：2005-09-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The signal recognition particle (SRP) consists of one RNA and six protein subunits. The N-terminal domain of the 54K subunit contains a putative GTP-binding site, whereas the C-terminal domain binds signal sequences and SRP RNA. Binding of SRP to the signal sequence as it emerges from the ribosome creates a cytosolic ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Miller JD,Wilhelm H,Gierasch L,Gilmore R,Walter P

更新日期：1993-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:HIV-1 immunotherapy with a combination of first generation monoclonal antibodies was largely ineffective in pre-clinical and clinical settings and was therefore abandoned. However, recently developed single-cell-based antibody cloning methods have uncovered a new generation of far more potent broadly neutralizing anti...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Caskey M,Klein F,Lorenzi JC,Seaman MS,West AP Jr,Buckley N,Kremer G,Nogueira L,Braunschweig M,Scheid JF,Horwitz JA,Shimeliovich I,Ben-Avraham S,Witmer-Pack M,Platten M,Lehmann C,Burke LA,Hawthorne T,Gorelick RJ,Walk

更新日期：2015-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:When a force deforms an elastic object, practical experience suggests that the resulting displacement will be in the same direction as the force. This property is known as positive stiffness. Less familiar is the concept of negative stiffness, where the deforming force and the resulting displacement are in opposite di...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lakes RS,Lee T,Bersie A,Wang YC

更新日期：2001-03-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations in phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) or genomic alterations in the phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase-signalling pathway are the most common genetic alterations reported in human prostate cancer. However, the precise mechanism underlying how indolent tumours with PTEN alterations acquire metastatic poten...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Qin J,Wu SP,Creighton CJ,Dai F,Xie X,Cheng CM,Frolov A,Ayala G,Lin X,Feng XH,Ittmann MM,Tsai SJ,Tsai MJ,Tsai SY

更新日期：2013-01-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The pathways that control insulin secretion and regulate pancreatic beta-cell mass are crucial in the development of diabetes mellitus. Maturity-onset diabetes of the young comprises a number of single-gene disorders affecting pancreatic beta-cell function, and the consequences of mutations in these genes are so serio...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bell GI,Polonsky KS

更新日期：2001-12-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the largest intracellular endomembrane system, enabling protein and lipid synthesis, ion homeostasis, quality control of newly synthesized proteins and organelle communication. Constant ER turnover and modulation is needed to meet different cellular requirements and autophagy has an i...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Khaminets A,Heinrich T,Mari M,Grumati P,Huebner AK,Akutsu M,Liebmann L,Stolz A,Nietzsche S,Koch N,Mauthe M,Katona I,Qualmann B,Weis J,Reggiori F,Kurth I,Hübner CA,Dikic I

更新日期：2015-06-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Down's syndrome (DS) or trisomy 21 is the most common genetic cause of mental retardation. Development of the DS brain is associated with decreased neuronal number and abnormal neuronal differentiation, and adults with DS develop Alzheimer's disease. The cause of the neurodegenerative process in DS is unknown. Here we...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Busciglio J,Yankner BA

更新日期：1995-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of intervening sequences (introns) in DNA led Gilbert and Tonegawa to suggest that a new protein could have been produced by bringing together certain segments of pre-existing ones. However, Blake argued that if DNA was so organized that coding sequences (exons) correspond to structural as well as functi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Go M

更新日期：1981-05-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The nucleotide sequence of the RNA polymerase binding site at a promotor on fd RF DNA has been determined in comparison with the starting sequence of RNA initiated at this promoter. The RNA polymerase binding site contained the startpoint of transcription in the centre and a region with twofold symmetry in the non-tra...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sugimoto K,Okamoto T,Sugisaki H,Takanami M

更新日期：1975-02-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Erythropoietin is the primary physiological regulator of erythropoiesis; however, in vitro studies have identified another class of mediators which appear to be important in stimulating erythroid progenitors. These factors have generally been referred to as burst-promoting activities (BPA), because they stimulate the ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gasson JC,Golde DW,Kaufman SE,Westbrook CA,Hewick RM,Kaufman RJ,Wong GG,Temple PA,Leary AC,Brown EL

更新日期：1985-06-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Body size is intrinsically linked to metabolic rate and life-history traits, and is a crucial determinant of food webs and community dynamics1,2. The increased temperatures associated with the urban-heat-island effect result in increased metabolic costs and are expected to drive shifts to smaller body sizes 3 . Urban ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Merckx T,Souffreau C,Kaiser A,Baardsen LF,Backeljau T,Bonte D,Brans KI,Cours M,Dahirel M,Debortoli N,De Wolf K,Engelen JMT,Fontaneto D,Gianuca AT,Govaert L,Hendrickx F,Higuti J,Lens L,Martens K,Matheve H,Matthysen

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Southern Ocean is very important for the potential sequestration of carbon dioxide in the oceans and is expected to be vulnerable to changes in carbon export forced by anthropogenic climate warming. Annual phytoplankton blooms in seasonal ice zones are highly productive and are thought to contribute significantly ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： DiTullio GR,Grebmeier JM,Arrigo KR,Lizotte MP,Robinson DH,Leventer A,Barry JP,VanWoert ML,Dunbar RB

更新日期：2000-04-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Surface gravity is a basic stellar property, but it is difficult to measure accurately, with typical uncertainties of 25 to 50 per cent if measured spectroscopically and 90 to 150 per cent if measured photometrically. Asteroseismology measures gravity with an uncertainty of about 2 per cent but is restricted to relati...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bastien FA,Stassun KG,Basri G,Pepper J

更新日期：2013-08-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Ground- and aircraft-based measurements show that the seasonal amplitude of Northern Hemisphere atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations has increased by as much as 50 per cent over the past 50 years. This increase has been linked to changes in temperate, boreal and arctic ecosystem properties and processes suc...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gray JM,Frolking S,Kort EA,Ray DK,Kucharik CJ,Ramankutty N,Friedl MA

更新日期：2014-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Blood coagulation can be initiated when factor VII or VIIa, a plasma protease, binds to its essential cofactor, tissue factor (TF), and proteolytically activates factors IX and X, triggering a cascade of events which eventually leads to the formation of thrombin and a fibrin clot. Plasma contains a lipoprotein-associa...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Girard TJ,Warren LA,Novotny WF,Likert KM,Brown SG,Miletich JP,Broze GJ Jr

更新日期：1989-04-06 00:00:00