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Antibody levels in a cohort of pregnant women after the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic: Waning and association with self-reported severity and duration of illness.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:A population-based pregnancy cohort was established in Norway to study potential effects of exposure to the 2009 influenza pandemic or pandemic vaccination during pregnancy. OBJECTIVES:We studied maternal A(H1N1)pdm09-specific hemagglutination inhibition (HI)-titer levels and waning in women with influenza-like illness (ILI) in pregnancy compared to vaccinated women. Moreover, we studied the association between HI-titers and self-reported severity and duration of ILI. METHODS:HI-titers against the pandemic virus were measured in maternal blood samples obtained at birth, 3-9 months after exposure, and linked with information about pregnancy, influenza and vaccination from national registries and a cohort questionnaire. RESULTS:Among 1821 pregnant women included, 43.7% were unvaccinated and 19.3% of these had ILI. HI-titers were low (geometric mean titer (GMT) 11.3) in the unvaccinated women with ILI. Higher HI-titers (GMT 37.8) were measured in the vaccinated women. Estimated HI-titer waning was similar for vaccinated women and women with ILI. Most ILI episodes were moderate and lasted 3-5 days. Women with ILI reporting specific influenza symptoms such as fever or cough had higher HI-titers than women without these symptoms. Women who reported being "very ill" or illness duration of >5 days had higher HI-titers than women reporting less severe illness or illness of shorter duration, respectively. CONCLUSIONS:Antibody waning was similar in vaccinated women and women with ILI. More severe ILI or longer duration of illness was associated with higher HI-titers. Most unvaccinated pregnant women with ILI had low HI-titers, probably due to moderate illness and HI-titer waning between exposure and sampling.

journal_name

Influenza Other Respir Viruses

journal_title

Influenza and other respiratory viruses

authors

Tunheim G,Laake I,Robertson AH,Waalen K,Hungnes O,Naess LM,Cox RJ,Mjaaland S,Trogstad L

doi

10.1111/irv.12623

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-03-01 00:00:00

pages

191-200

issue

eissn

1750-2640

issn

1750-2659

journal_volume

pub_type

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Antibody levels in a cohort of pregnant women after the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic: Waning and association with self-reported severity and duration of illness.