Abstract：
:Osteoporosis is a generalised disorder of the skeleton with reduced bone density and abnormal bone architecture. It increases bone fragility and renders the individual susceptible to fractures. Fractures of the vertebrae are common osteoporotic fractures. Vertebral fractures may result in scoliosis or kyphosis and, because they may be clinically silent, it is imperative that vertebral fractures are diagnosed in children accurately and at an early stage, so the necessary medical care can be implemented. Traditionally, diagnosis of osteoporotic vertebral fractures has been from lateral spine radiographs; however, a small number of studies have shown that dual energy x-ray absorptiometry is comparable to radiographs for identifying vertebral fractures in children, while allowing reduced radiation exposure. The diagnosis of vertebral fractures from dual energy x-ray absorptiometry is termed vertebral fracture assessment. Existing scoring systems for vertebral fracture assessment in adults have been assessed for use in children, but there is no standardisation and observer reliability is variable. This literature review suggests the need for a semiautomated tool that (compared to the subjective and semiquantitative methods available) will allow more reliable and precise detection of vertebral fractures in children.
journal_name
Pediatr Radioljournal_title
Pediatric radiologyauthors
Alqahtani FF,Offiah ACdoi
10.1007/s00247-018-4279-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-03-01 00:00:00pages
283-296issue
3eissn
0301-0449issn
1432-1998pii
10.1007/s00247-018-4279-5journal_volume
49pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：BACKGROUND:New developments in processing of digital radiographs (DR), including multi-frequency processing (MFP), allow optimization of image quality and radiation dose. This is particularly promising in children as they are believed to be more sensitive to ionizing radiation than adults. OBJECTIVE:To examine whether...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-012-2385-3
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Hirschsprung disease (HD) is a functional obstruction of the bowel caused by the absence of intrinsic enteric ganglion cells. The diagnosis of total colonic HD (TCHD) based on contrast enemas is difficult in newborns because radiological findings vary. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the radiographic and contrast ene...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-008-0952-4
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multiorgan disease caused by mutation of the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. Obstructive lung disease is the predominant cause of morbidity and mortality; thus, most efforts to improve outcomes are directed toward slowing or halting lung-disease progression. Current therap...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-005-1445-3
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:There are many controversies surrounding the effectiveness of endoscopic treatment of vesicouretheral reflux (VUR) in children, thus it is of highest priority to analyze factors influencing the outcome of therapy and to search for new methods that would increase the success rate and reduce the number of rein...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-014-2963-7
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 200 unselected upper abdominal sonographies in children the hepatic venous anatomy was examined with special reference to caudal hepatic veins. In 42% of patients caudal hepatic veins could be demonstrated sonographically, while large caudal hepatic veins could be shown in 12.5% of patients. The large caudal hepati...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02343422
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe the technique of partial liquid ventilation and outline its indications. We present our imaging experience with this infrequently used therapy using a wide variety of radiographs from neonatal and adult patients. The radiographic appearance of white lungs, due to the perfluorocarbons used in partial liquid...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-005-1548-x
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present a 16-year-old boy with autoimmune liver disease and longstanding portal hypertension in whom a CT arteriogram demonstrated a large aneurysm arising from the distal, extra-parenchymal portion of the splenic artery. Because of its location adjacent to multiple venous collaterals, the aneurysm was indistinguis...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-009-1493-1
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dideoxyinosine (ddI) is a widely used antiretroviral agent in treatment of HIV infection. Pancreatitis is a serious side effect. Two cases are reported, one with rapid development of a pseudocyst. ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002470050099
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Myocardial T1 relaxometry can be performed by contouring on individual T1-weighted source images (source method) or on a single T1 map (mapping method). OBJECTIVE:This study compares (a) agreement between native T1 and extracellular volume results of the two methods and (b) interobserver reproducibility of ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-019-04428-y
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gadolinium-based contrast agents can increase the accuracy and expediency of an MRI examination. However the benefits of a contrast-enhanced scan must be carefully weighed against the well-documented risks associated with administration of exogenous contrast media. The purpose of this review is to discuss commercially...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-017-3806-0
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Single-shot fast spin echo (SSFSE) is particularly appealing in pediatric patients because of its motion robustness. However radiofrequency energy deposition at 3 tesla forces long pauses between slices, leading to longer scans, longer breath-holds and more between-slice motion. OBJECTIVE:We sought to learn...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-014-3227-2
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sonographic studies on 52 children with suspected peripheral vascular disease examined between January 1988 and December 1989 were retrospectively reviewed. A technique for examining the jugular, subclavian veins, and superior vena cava (SVC) was developed and is described. The technique for examining the extremities ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02011718
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report a rare example of catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) in a young child. A 3-year-old girl with no previous medical history presented with extensive and recurrent thromboses. The diagnosis of CAPS was based on the occurrence of cardiopulmonary embolism in the child with a high titre of autoantibodie...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-006-0183-5
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Appropriate management of the child with malrotation and/or midgut volvulus requires a multi-disciplinary approach with early clinical suspicion, rapid confirmation of diagnosis, and expedient operative intervention in order to obtain the most effective outcomes. ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-008-1129-x
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Foreign bodies, whether ingested, aspirated or retained in the soft tissues, are a particular hazard to pediatric patients. Ornamentation associated with the winter holidays is an uncommon source of foreign bodies in children, and many of these foreign bodies have a distinct appearance on imaging. Knowledge of these a...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-014-3192-9
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have suggested that CT examinations of the brain in children soon after near-drowning incidents are not helpful in predicting clinical outcome and are not necessary. The clinical and CT findings of 19 pediatric near-drowning victims were reviewed for correlation with clinical and neurologic outcome. A...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02010911
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Abdominal ultrasound was performed in 58 children presenting with proven acute hepatitis A and in 63 controls of the same age. There are well-known echographic signs of hepatitis (liver enlargement, gallbladder wall thickening, periportal hyperechogenicity) but they were not constantly found. We describe in all the he...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02019659
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present two cases of benign retroperitoneal lipomas in children. Intravenous urography in both revealed large masses of fat density displacing the ipsilateral kidney superomediad. Angiography in one showed an avascular mass. The other patient had a markedly echogenic mass with indistinct margins on ultrasonography,...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00971768
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Automatic exposure control (AEC) is particularly well-suited for pediatric CT scanning. However the importance of the localizer scan portion of exams that relies on AEC is frequently underestimated. This paper explains in detail several crucial aspects of the localizer and their effect on the subsequent cross-sectiona...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-014-3140-8
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary capillary haemangiomatosis (PCH) is a rare disorder characterized by widespread capillary proliferation in the lung, infiltrating the interstitium and the alveolar walls. We present the HRCT features of PCH in a surviving ex-premature infant. To our knowledge, this is a unique case of the radiological featur...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-004-1374-6
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report a rare case of cystic metastases to the liver from a peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumour in a child. Ultrasound and CT appearances are described with a discussion on the histological findings and the differential diagnosis. ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002470000347
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary aldosteronism in children under 16 years of age is usually due to adrenal hyperplasia. We could find only seven cases in the literature where it was caused by a solitary adrenal adenoma; all but one were female. We describe the case of a 10-year-old Caucasian boy in whom a unilateral adrenal adenoma was demons...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02387519
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As utilization of MRI for clinically suspected pediatric appendicitis becomes more common, there will be increased focus on case interpretation. The purpose of this pictorial essay is to share our institution's case interpretation experience. MRI findings of appendicitis include appendicoliths, tip appendicitis, intra...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-013-2866-z
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:MRI is the most sensitive imaging modality in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), but has practical limitations. Optimizing the scanning protocol is, therefore, necessary to increase feasibility and patient comfort. OBJECTIVE:To determine the feasibility of bilateral non-contrast-enhanced open-bore MRI of ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-011-2306-x
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Trichothiodystrophy is a rare neuroectodermal disorder of autosomal recessive inheritance that is characterized by brittle hair, nail dysplasia, ichthyosis, mental retardation, and gonadal failure. We describe a female patient whose cranial MRI revealed almost total lack of myelination in the supratentorial white matt...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-005-1495-6
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pelvis-shoulder dysplasia is rare skeletal dysplasia characterised by symmetrical hypoplasia of the iliac wings and scapulae. It may be associated with unstable hips in infancy, a prominent lumbar lordosis and a waddling gait. Symptoms tend to lessen with increasing age. A child with this condition who has been follow...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00972181
更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality in infants. The diagnosis relies heavily upon radiographic and clinical features. Failure to accurately diagnose NEC is associated with a risk of complications and death, however overdiagnosis also causes both morbidity and mortali...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02395755
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Skeletal surveys are routinely performed in cases of suspected child abuse, but there are limited data regarding the yield of high-detail skeletal surveys in infants. OBJECTIVE:To determine the diagnostic yield of high-detail radiographic skeletal surveys in suspected infant abuse. MATERIAL AND METHODS:We ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-014-3064-3
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Dose reduction by combined tube current modulation has not been evaluated in pediatric low-dose CT. OBJECTIVE:This study was performed to evaluate tube current reduction in non-ECG-gated heart CT angiography in children by combined tube current modulation, and to assess the effects of body weight, age, sex,...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-005-0105-y
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:A new children's hospital provided the impetus to investigate radiation dose and image quality in a fluoroscope that was specially engineered for pediatric fluoroscopy. Radiation protection management recommends radiation exposures that are as low as reasonably achievable, while still maintaining diagnostic ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002470050728
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
