Abstract：
:While discriminant function analysis is an inherently Bayesian method, researchers attempting to estimate ancestry in human skeletal samples often follow discriminant function analysis with the calculation of frequentist-based typicalities for assigning group membership. Such an approach is problematic because it fails to account for admixture and for variation in why individuals may be classified as outliers or nonmembers of particular groups. This article presents an argument and methodology for employing a fully Bayesian approach in discriminant function analysis applied to cases of ancestry estimation. The approach requires adding the calculation, or estimation, of predictive distributions as the final step in ancestry-focused discriminant analyses. The methods for a fully Bayesian multivariate discriminant analysis are illustrated using craniometrics from identified population samples within the Howells published data. The article also presents ways to visualize predictive distributions calculated in more than three dimensions, explains the limitations of typicality measures, and suggests an analytical route for future studies of ancestry and admixture based in discriminant function analysis.
journal_name
Hum Bioljournal_title
Human biologyauthors
Konigsberg LW,Frankenberg SRsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-01-01 00:00:00pages
31-44issue
1eissn
0018-7143issn
1534-6617pii
10.13110/humanbiology.90.1.01journal_volume
90pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
HUMAN BIOLOGY文献大全abstract：:A Buryat population consisting of seven tribal groups in eastern Mongolia has been screened to determine the frequency distribution of different apolipoprotein E and H alleles (APOE and APOH, genes) coding for common isoforms and their association with quantitative plasma lipid levels. Allele frequencies at the APOE l...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1353/hub.2002.0058
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Craniofacial variation is investigated in Latin America and the Caribbean. The samples included in this study are two historic and one prehistoric sample from Ecuador; prehistoric and modern Cuban samples; a prehistoric Peruvian sample; two prehistoric Mexican samples and one contemporary admixed Mexican sample; a 16t...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1353/hub.2003.0010
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine the origin of sickle cell mutation in different ethnic groups living in southern Iran, we studied the haplotype background of the betaS and betaA genes in subjects from the provinces of Fars, Khuzestan, Bushehr, Hormozgan, and Kerman and from the islands of Khark and Qeshm. beta-globin gene cluster haplot...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1353/hub.2007.0016
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have studied variation at 24 microsatellite markers among 50 individuals from each of three endogamous groups, Bhargavas, Chaturvedis, and non-Bhargava, non-Chaturvedi Brahmins of Uttar Pradesh, India. The number of alleles at the loci tested varied from 4 to 11, with an average of 6 at each locus. Heterozygosity w...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1353/hub.2003.0014
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The radical improvement in living conditions experienced in Italy during the last century caused a reduction in male extra-mortality during the prereproductive years. As a consequence, a progressive increase in the sex ratio at the beginning of the reproductive age (15-19 years) occurred, so that in recent times the s...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1353/hub.2001.0014
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:HLA-DQB1*0302 allele frequency is increased in liver graft recipients with acute rejection. We investigated polymorphism in the upstream regulatory regions (URRs) of the DQB1 gene to determine whether polymorphism in the DQB1 promoter region influences liver graft acceptance. A combination of typing protocols based on...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1353/hub.2001.0088
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Viewed as a biological concept, sexual dimorphism does not appear to motivate debate. However, with the aim of measuring such dimorphism, several indexes have been proposed, and not all of them have been regarded as equally reliable by the biological community. The main divergence between the indexes is that their def...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3378/027.082.0205
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although anthropometric information on South American Indian populations has been collected for many years, remarkably little is known about age-related changes in their body size in adulthood. The lack of baseline information on the normal pattern of aging among Amerindian adults hinders investigations into the healt...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1353/hub.2003.0031
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We analyzed previously reported mtDNA haplogroup frequencies of 577 individuals and hypervariable segment 1 (HVS1) sequences of 265 individuals from Native American tribes in western North America to test hypotheses regarding the settlement of this region. These data were analyzed to determine whether Hokan and Penuti...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1353/hub.2004.0019
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Models that examine genetic differences between populations alongside a genotype-phenotype map can provide insight about phenotypic variation among groups. We generalize a simple model of a completely heritable, additive, selectively neutral quantitative trait to examine the relationship between single-locus genetic d...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.13110/humanbiology.87.4.0313
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Isoelectric focusing was used to investigate the genetic variants of the human plasma orosomucoid ORM1 and ORM2 gene loci in samples of Egyptians, Sudanese, and Qataris. The study populations were classified into 28 ORM phenotypes determined by 10 ORM1 and 9 ORM2 alleles that included 2 new alleles, designated ORM1*B1...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies have expanded and refined the founding haplogroups of the Americas using whole mitochondrial (mtDNA) genome analysis. In addition to pan-American lineages, specific variants have been identified in a number of studies that show higher frequencies in restricted geographical areas. To further characterize...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.13110/humanbiology.87.1.0029
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The DNA profiles of two unrelated individuals can match (complete similarity) by chance alone. When the two individuals are related, the probability of a coincidental match is higher. Here, I deal with the probabilities of coincidental matches for both related and unrelated individuals. The derivation starts from firs...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:CYP2A6 is a polymorphic enzyme, and CYP2A6 genotype has been shown to be associated with smoking habits and lung cancer. We investigated CYP2A6 polymorphism in Japanese from four different geographic areas of Japan and in the Ovambo and Turk populations. Using two polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length ...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1353/hub.2006.0037
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A tribal aboriginal community, the Mowanjum, from the Kimberley region in Western Australia has been screened to determine the extent of genetic variation in the products of genes coding for apolipoproteins, which are intimately involved in lipid metabolism. Of the seven systems tested, APOE and APOH revealed common s...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Given that the evidence of a substantial genetic contribution to cognitive ability is now convincing, the next challenge is to locate and identify the genes involved. It is likely that there are several genes, each of only small effect. Detection of such so-called quantitative trait loci contributing to polygenic trai...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dermatoglyphic traits have been used to assess population affinities and structure. Here, we describe the digital patterns of four Eskimo populations from Alaska: two Yupik-speaking villages from St. Lawrence Island and two Inupik groups presently residing on mainland Alaska. For a broader evolutionary perspective, th...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polymorphisms in the interleukin-6 promoter region have been associated with diseases. In this study we investigated the -634G/C and -174G/C IL-6 promoter polymorphisms in three Brazilian ethnic groups. We verified that the allele frequencies of the two polymorphisms and haplotype frequencies varied significantly betw...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1353/hub.2005.0061
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Population substructure and biological differentiation was studied among the Golla, a pastoral caste living in the southern areas of Andhra Pradesh (AP) in India, using 11 anthropometric measurements and 20 quantitative dermatoglyphic variables. The data were collected from a sample of 334 adult males drawn from 30 vi...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1353/hub.2001.0026
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study reports the genetic variation observed among five anthropologically distinct population groups of India, using four highly polymorphic minisatellite loci (D1S80, D17S5, D19S20, and APOB 3' VNTR) in order to examine the effect of geographical and linguistic affiliations on the genetic affinities among...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1353/hub.2002.0028
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although scattered throughout a large geographic area, the members of the Pano linguistic group present strong ethnic, linguistic, and cultural homogeneity, a feature that causes them to be considered components of a same "Pano" tribe. Nevertheless, the genetic homogeneity between Pano villages has not yet been examin...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3378/027.086.0203
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There has been a lack of agreement on the variation in and the correlates of menstrual cycle length in the literature. A total of 2566 women from rural and urban areas in one district of Tamil Nadu in southern India were studied prospectively to identify correlates of menstrual cycle length. Rural women had higher odd...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article examines the utility of the ischium-pubic index (IPI), a sexing technique that compares the lengths of pubis and ischium. The ratio was adapted by Washburn from a primate index devised by Schultz and was tested by Washburn on documented remains from the Hamann-Todd Human Osteological Collection. The IPI i...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3378/027.085.0405
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:I describe the developmental, metric, morphologic, and pathologic features of deciduous dentition in a terminal Late Archaic (c. 3000 B.P.) Native American population in Ohio. Development of deciduous dentition in this Late Archaic population is stable with little sequence variation. The pattern of development (ldc, l...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Low fertility among nomadic !Kung foragers of the northern Kalahari Desert of Botswana has been hypothesized to be an adaptation to scarcity of food. However, a comparison of !Kung fertility before and after a transition to a more sedentary lifestyle indicates that more food did not increase fertility. An examination ...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have sought to associate the Pro12Ala variant of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma2 (PPARG2) gene with type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, and obesity, with controversial results. We have determined the Pro12Ala variant frequency in 370 nondiabetic Mexican Mestizo subjects and in f...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1353/hub.2007.0022
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) plays a critical role in the metabolism of lipoproteins because this enzyme hydrolyzes the triacylglycerides in chylomicrons and very low density lipoproteins. This process influences the production of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), which takes up tissue cholesterol for transport to the liver...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Given the same reproductive span, more children with shorter interbirth intervals and less parental attention per child should not do as well. There should be intermediate optima in family sizes, but only two studies have demonstrated optima. The goal here is to determine whether the relationship between fitness and f...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1353/hub.2005.0010
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We used 15 short tandem repeat (STR) loci (D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D3S1358, TH01, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D19S433, VWA, TPOX, D18S51, D5S818, and FGA) to genetically characterize 361 individuals from 11 indigenous populations (Amuzgo, Chinanteco, Chontal, Huave, Mazateco, Mixe, Mixteco, Triqui, Zapoteco de...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3378/027.082.0405
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A mismatch distribution is a tabulation of the number of pairwise differences among all DNA sequences in a sample. In a population that has been stationary for a long time these distributions from nonrecombinant DNA sequences become ragged and erratic, whereas a population that has been growing generates mismatch dist...
journal_title：Human biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
