Abstract:
:Artificial particle ices are model systems of constrained, interacting particles. They have been introduced theoretically to study ice-manifolds emergent from frustration, along with domain wall and grain boundary dynamics, doping, pinning-depinning, controlled transport of topological defects, avalanches, and memory effects. Recently such particle-based ices have been experimentally realized with vortices in nano-patterned superconductors or gravitationally trapped colloids. Here we demonstrate that, although these ices are generally considered equivalent to magnetic spin ices, they can access a novel spectrum of phenomenologies that are inaccessible to the latter. With experiments, theory and simulations we demonstrate that in mixed coordination geometries, entropy-driven negative monopoles spontaneously appear at a density determined by the vertex-mixture ratio. Unlike its spin-based analogue, the colloidal system displays a "fragile ice" manifold, where local energetics oppose the ice rule, which is instead enforced through conservation of the global topological charge. The fragile colloidal ice, stabilized by topology, can be spontaneously broken by topological charge transfer.
journal_name
Nat Communjournal_title
Nature communicationsauthors
Libál A,Lee DY,Ortiz-Ambriz A,Reichhardt C,Reichhardt CJO,Tierno P,Nisoli Cdoi
10.1038/s41467-018-06631-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-10-08 00:00:00pages
4146issue
1issn
2041-1723pii
10.1038/s41467-018-06631-1journal_volume
9pub_type
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