Kinetoplast DNA minicircles: regions of extensive sequence divergence.

abstract：:Phytoplankton often encounter turbulence in their habitat. As most toxic phytoplankton species are motile, resolving the interplay of motility and turbulence has fundamental repercussions on our understanding of their own ecology and of the entire ecosystems they inhabit. The spatial distribution of motile phytoplankt...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Breier RE,Lalescu CC,Waas D,Wilczek M,Mazza MG

更新日期：2018-11-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Dantu is a rare antigen of the human MNSs blood group system carried by a hybrid glycophorin on the erythrocyte membrane. To delineate its structure and relationship to alpha and delta glycophorins at the genomic level, we analyzed DNA from a three-generation family, in which both the presence of Dantu and Mi-III (ano...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huang CH,Blumenfeld OO

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have isolated two genes, Hox-2.8 and Hox-2.9, from the mouse homeobox cluster Hox-2, located on chromosome 11. A 120-kilobase yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) containing a large region of the murine Hox-2 cluster, including 45 kilobases of sequence upstream of the most 5' gene, was cloned. The DNA sequence of the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rubock MJ,Larin Z,Cook M,Papalopulu N,Krumlauf R,Lehrach H

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Like protein enzymes, RNA enzymes (ribozymes) provide specific binding sites for their substrates. We now show that equilibrium dissociation constants for complexes between the Tetrahymena ribozyme and its RNA substrates and products can be directly measured by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels containing divalen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pyle AM,McSwiggen JA,Cech TR

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Positional cloning has already produced the sequences of more than 70 human genes associated with specific diseases. In addition to their medical importance, these genes are of interest as a set of human genes isolated solely on the basis of the phenotypic effect of the respective mutations. We analyzed the protein se...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mushegian AR,Bassett DE Jr,Boguski MS,Bork P,Koonin EV

更新日期：1997-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanism of phosphosylation and dephosphorylation of spectrin from human erythrocyte membranes has been examined under closely physiological conditions. The results support the hypothesis that spectrin is an autophosphorylating and dephosphorylating system. (i) Extraction from ghosts of up to 85% of the kinase (c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Imhof BA,Acha-Orbea HJ,Libermann TA,Reber BF,Lanz JH,Winterhalter KH,Birchmeier W

更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We developed a "continual engagement" model to better integrate knowledge from policy makers, communities, and researchers with the goal of promoting more effective action to balance poverty alleviation and wildlife conservation in 4 pastoral ecosystems of East Africa. The model involved the creation of a core boundar...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Reid RS,Nkedianye D,Said MY,Kaelo D,Neselle M,Makui O,Onetu L,Kiruswa S,Kamuaro NO,Kristjanson P,Ogutu J,BurnSilver SB,Goldman MJ,Boone RB,Galvin KA,Dickson NM,Clark WC

更新日期：2016-04-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Maximum likelihood analysis for linkage between autosomal dominant aniridia and 12 biochemical and serological markers in a single large family showed a probable linkage between autosomal dominant aniridia and the enzyme acid phosphatase-1. The presence of an autosomal dominant aniridia gene linked to acid phosphatase...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ferrell RE,Chakravarti A,Hittner HM,Riccardi VM

更新日期：1980-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intrathymic T-cell development requires temporally regulated rearrangement and expression of T-cell receptor (TCR) genes. To assess the role of the TCR beta gene transcriptional enhancer (Ebeta) in this process, mouse strains in which Ebeta is deleted were generated using homologous recombination techniques. We report...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bouvier G,Watrin F,Naspetti M,Verthuy C,Naquet P,Ferrier P

更新日期：1996-07-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Weakly oncogenic adenovirus 2 (Ad2)-transformed LSH hamster cells are sensitive to lysis by spontaneously cytolytic lymphoid cells and activated macrophages, whereas highly oncogenic simian virus 40 (SV40)-transformed LSH cells are relatively resistant to these nonspecific effector cells. Somatic cell hybrids formed b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cook JL,Hauser J,Patch CT,Lewis AM Jr,Levine AS

更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Eccentricity, obliquity, and precession are cyclic parameters of the Earth's orbit whose climatic implications have been widely demonstrated on recent and short time intervals. Amplitude modulations of these parameters on million-year time scales induce "grand orbital cycles," but the behavior and the paleoenvironment...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Martinez M,Dera G

更新日期：2015-10-13 00:00:00

abstract：:In mammals and insects, pheromones strongly influence social behaviors such as aggression and mate recognition. In Drosophila melanogaster, pheromones in the form of cuticular hydrocarbons play prominent roles in courtship. GC/MS is the primary analytical tool currently used to study Drosophila cuticular hydrocarbons....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yew JY,Cody RB,Kravitz EA

更新日期：2008-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The D1 reaction center protein of photosystem II (PSII) is subject to light-induced damage. Degradation of damaged D1 and its replacement by nascent D1 are at the heart of a PSII repair cycle, without which photosynthesis is inhibited. In mature plant chloroplasts, light stimulates the recruitment of ribosomes specifi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chotewutmontri P,Barkan A

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The enzymes responsible for the oxidation of n-octane to octanoic acid or beyond in Pseudomonas oleovorans are octane inducible and are coded by genes borne on a transmissible extrachromosomal element. The octane to octanoate enzymes induced by octane are repressed by octanol. The chromosome also carries genes coding ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chakrabarty AM,Chou G,Gunsalus IC

更新日期：1973-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is strongly associated with obesity in most, but not all, ethnic groups, suggesting important ethnic differences in disease susceptibility. Although it is clear that insulin resistance plays a major role in the pathogenesis of T2DM and that insulin resistance is strongly associated with...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Petersen KF,Dufour S,Feng J,Befroy D,Dziura J,Dalla Man C,Cobelli C,Shulman GI

更新日期：2006-11-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Transfer of organelle DNA into the nuclear genome has been significant in eukaryotic evolution, because it appears to be the origin of many nuclear genes. Most studies on organelle DNA transfer have been restricted to evolutionary events but experimental systems recently became available to monitor the process in real...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huang CY,Ayliffe MA,Timmis JN

更新日期：2004-06-29 00:00:00

abstract：:To understand non-trivial biological functions, it is crucial to develop minimal synthetic models that capture their basic features. Here, we demonstrate a sequence-independent, reversible control of transcription and gene expression using a photosensitive nucleic acid binder (pNAB). By introducing a pNAB whose affini...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Estévez-Torres A,Crozatier C,Diguet A,Hara T,Saito H,Yoshikawa K,Baigl D

更新日期：2009-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the gene-expression patterns during liver regeneration may help to reveal how regenerative processes are initiated and controlled as well as shed new light onto processes that lead to liver disease. Using high-density oligonucleotide arrays, we have examined the gene-expression program in the livers of m...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Su AI,Guidotti LG,Pezacki JP,Chisari FV,Schultz PG

更新日期：2002-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Monoclonal antibodies were used to isolate nonneutralizable antigenic variants in the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoprotein of Newcastle disease virus. It had been found that a large percentage of virus retains infectivity despite binding neutralizing antibody. This high persistent fraction of nonneutralized virus ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Iorio RM,Bratt MA

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites are common DNA lesions that arise from spontaneous depurination or by base excision repair (BER) of modified bases. A biotin-containing aldehyde-reactive probe (ARP) [Kubo, K., Ide, H., Wallace, S. S. & Kow, Y. W. (1992) Biochemistry 31, 3703-3708] is used to measure AP sites in living...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Atamna H,Cheung I,Ames BN

更新日期：2000-01-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Tripeptidyl peptidase II (TPPII) is a eukaryotic protease acting downstream of the 26S proteasome; it removes tripeptides from the degradation products released by the proteasome. Structural studies in vitro have revealed the basic architecture of TPPII, a two-stranded linear polymer that assembles to form a spindle-s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fukuda Y,Beck F,Plitzko JM,Baumeister W

更新日期：2017-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:An Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) deletion mutant, HR-1, cannot immortalize lymphocytes. HR-1 was derived from a virus strain, Jijoye, that is immortalization competent. Using human antiserum from certain patients with chronic active EBV infection, we have identified in Jijoye cells a protein of apparent mass of 78-80 kDa t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rowe D,Heston L,Metlay J,Miller G

更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibodies may bind to bacterial pathogens or their toxins to control infections, and their effector activity is mediated through the recruitment of complement component C1q or the engagement with Fcγ receptors (FcγRs). For bacterial pathogens that rely on a single toxin to cause disease, immunity correlates with toxi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen X,Shi M,Tong X,Kim HK,Wang LX,Schneewind O,Missiakas D

更新日期：2020-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The physiological significance of multiple G-protein-coupled receptor subtypes, such as the beta-adrenergic receptors (beta ARs), remains obscure, since in many cases several subtypes activate the same effector and utilize the same physiological agonists. We inspected the deduced amino acid sequences of the beta AR su...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liggett SB,Freedman NJ,Schwinn DA,Lefkowitz RJ

更新日期：1993-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Two affinity species of the interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptor are different states of a single receptor molecule. We assumed that a binary complex between the IL-2 receptor and another lymphocyte-specific protein would constitute the high-affinity receptor. To test this assumption, we counted the numbers of IL-2 receptors...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kondo S,Shimizu A,Saito Y,Kinoshita M,Honjo T

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The goldfish (Carassius auratus) visual pathway displays continuous growth and plasticity throughout life. Since homeobox genes are important transcriptional regulators in development, we searched for homeobox genes in the adult goldfish retina and brain. Using the PCR, we discovered a repertoire of homeobox sequences...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Levine EM,Schechter N

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synucleinopathies are a group of progressive disorders characterized by the abnormal aggregation and accumulation of α-synuclein (aSyn), an abundant neuronal protein that can adopt different conformations and biological properties. Recently, aSyn pathology was shown to spread between neurons in a prion-like manner. Pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Villar-Piqué A,Lopes da Fonseca T,Sant'Anna R,Szegö ÉM,Fonseca-Ornelas L,Pinho R,Carija A,Gerhardt E,Masaracchia C,Abad Gonzalez E,Rossetti G,Carloni P,Fernández CO,Foguel D,Milosevic I,Zweckstetter M,Ventura S,Outeiro

更新日期：2016-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major human pathogen that successfully adapts to the host environment via an efficient uptake system for free DNA liberated from other organisms in the upper respiratory tract, facilitating immune evasion and drug resistance. Although the initial signaling events leading to pneumococcal c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Balaban M,Bättig P,Muschiol S,Tirier SM,Wartha F,Normark S,Henriques-Normark B

更新日期：2014-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Phytochrome A (phyA) is the only plant photoreceptor that perceives far-red light and then mediates various responses to this signal. Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of oat phyA have been extensively studied, and it was shown that phosphorylation of a serine residue in the hinge region of oat phyA could regulate...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhou Y,Yang L,Duan J,Cheng J,Shen Y,Wang X,Han R,Li H,Li Z,Wang L,Terzaghi W,Zhu D,Chen H,Deng XW,Li J

更新日期：2018-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Modern practice for training classification deepnets involves a terminal phase of training (TPT), which begins at the epoch where training error first vanishes. During TPT, the training error stays effectively zero, while training loss is pushed toward zero. Direct measurements of TPT, for three prototypical deepnet a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Papyan V,Han XY,Donoho DL

更新日期：2020-10-06 00:00:00