Temporal comparisons in bacterial chemotaxis.

abstract：:Apolipoprotein L-1 (APOL1), the trypanolytic factor of human serum, can lyse several African trypanosome species including Trypanosoma brucei brucei, but not the human-infective pathogens T. brucei rhodesiense and T. brucei gambiense, which are resistant to lysis by human serum. Lysis follows the uptake of APOL1 into ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Thomson R,Finkelstein A

更新日期：2015-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II contains two subunits, alpha (Mr 50,000) and beta (Mr 60,000/58,000), both of which undergo Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent autophosphorylation. In the present study, we have studied the mechanism of this autophosphorylation reaction and its effect on the activity of the enzyme. B...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lai Y,Nairn AC,Greengard P

更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cycles of carbon and oxygen at the Earth surface are intimately linked, where the burial of organic carbon into sediments represents a source of oxygen to the surface environment. This coupling is typically quantified through the isotope records of organic and inorganic carbon. Yet, the late Neoproterozoic Eon, th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bjerrum CJ,Canfield DE

更新日期：2011-04-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacterial RNases catalyze the turnover of RNA and are essential for gene expression and quality surveillance of transcripts. In Escherichia coli, the exoribonucleases RNase R and polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase) play critical roles in degrading RNA. Here, we developed an optical-trapping assay to monitor the tran...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fazal FM,Koslover DJ,Luisi BF,Block SM

更新日期：2015-12-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Tetrodotoxin-sensitive sodium channels are detectable in normal human fibroblasts and in "glia-like" cells at appreciable levels when compared to what is observed in established neuronal cell lines in culture. Two- to 3-fold stimulations of sodium influx are observed in the presence of 0.2 mM veratridine and scorpion ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Munson R Jr,Westermark B,Glaser L

更新日期：1979-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have generated a transgenic mouse line by microinjection of a chimeric DNA fragment (KER-CAT) containing a hair-specific, murine ultra-high-sulfur keratin promoter (KER) fused to the coding region of the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene. A 671-base pair (bp) stretch of the 5' promoter region w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McNab AR,Andrus P,Wagner TE,Buhl AE,Waldon DJ,Kawabe TT,Rea TJ,Groppi V,Vogeli G

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We discuss the generic time behavior of reaction-diffusion processes capable of modeling various types of biological transport processes, such as ligand migration in proteins and gating fluctuations in ion channel proteins. The main observable in these two cases, the fraction of unbound ligands and the probability of ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nadler W,Stein DL

更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent results suggested that a large subset of heat shock protein HSP-60 reactive peripheral lymphoid gamma delta T cells preexists in normal adult mice, all members of which respond to a single segment of this common HSP. However, the experimental evidence supporting this idea involved in vitro peptide responses of ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fu YX,Cranfill R,Vollmer M,Van Der Zee R,O'Brien RL,Born W

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Humans speak, monkeys grunt, and ducks quack. How do we come to know which vocalizations animals produce? Here we explore this question by asking whether young infants expect humans, but not other animals, to produce speech, and further, whether infants have similarly restricted expectations about the sources of vocal...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vouloumanos A,Druhen MJ,Hauser MD,Huizink AT

更新日期：2009-11-03 00:00:00

abstract：:We have utilized a recombinant vector system designed to study gene control elements by fusing them to the Escherichia coli galactokinase gene (galK) to examine the effects of gene expression that result from introducing changes into the 5' noncoding leader region of the galK transcription unit. We varied the length o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Johansen H,Schümperli D,Rosenberg M

更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 24 human chromosome types of normal diploid fibroblast cell strain were classified into 15 groups by high-resolution flow cytometry on the basis of 33258 Hoechst fluorescence. Chromosomes associated with each group were flow sorted onto microscope slides and identified by quinacrine banding analysis. DNA cytophoto...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Carrano AV,Gray JW,Langlois RG,Burkhart-Schultz KJ,Van Dilla MA

更新日期：1979-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The assembly of tiny magnetic particles in external magnetic fields is important for many applications ranging from data storage to medical technologies. The development of ever smaller magnetic structures is restricted by a size limit, where the particles are just barely magnetic. For such particles we report the dis...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mehdizadeh Taheri S,Michaelis M,Friedrich T,Förster B,Drechsler M,Römer FM,Bösecke P,Narayanan T,Weber B,Rehberg I,Rosenfeldt S,Förster S

更新日期：2015-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:It was previously shown that coexpression of the lactose permease of Escherichia coli in two contiguous fragments leads to functional complementation. We demonstrate here that site-directed thiol crosslinking of coexpressed permease fragments can be used to determine helix proximity in situ without the necessity of pu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wu J,Kaback HR

更新日期：1996-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:A loss-of-function mutation in the APC gene initiates colorectal carcinogenesis. Although the molecular mechanism of tumor initiation is complex, several modifier genes have been identified using mouse models, including the ApcMin mouse. Among the familial adenomatous polyposis mouse lines carrying a truncation mutati...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shibata H,Takano H,Ito M,Shioya H,Hirota M,Matsumoto H,Kakudo Y,Ishioka C,Akiyama T,Kanegae Y,Saito I,Noda T

更新日期：2007-11-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Diffuse celestial sources of relatively low surface brightness such as the Milky Way, zodiacal light, and gegenschein (or contre lumière) can be studied most reliably from above the earth's atmosphere with equipment flown in artificial satellites. We review the techniques used and some of the difficulties encountered ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Roach FE,Carroll B,Aller LH,Smith L

更新日期：1972-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have found that in the gill- and siphon- withdrawal reflex of Aplysia, the memory for short-term sensitization grades smoothly into long-term memory with increased amounts of sensitization training. One cellular locus for the storage of the memory underlying short-term sensitization is the set of monosynaptic conne...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Frost WN,Castellucci VF,Hawkins RD,Kandel ER

更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The configurations of the hydrocarbon chains in micelles are severely constrained by the space-filling requirements of the chain segments, by the continuity of the chains, and by the micellar geometry. A statistical theory that takes full account of these constraints is developed by using a lattice model. The chain en...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dill KA,Flory PJ

更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We compared private and social decision making to investigate the neural underpinnings of the effect of social comparison on risky choices. We measured brain activity using functional MRI while participants chose between two lotteries: in the private condition, they observed the outcome of the unchosen lottery, and in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bault N,Joffily M,Rustichini A,Coricelli G

更新日期：2011-09-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The crystal structures of Escherichia coli thymidylate kinase (TmpK) in complex with P1-(5'-adenosyl)-P5-(5'-thymidyl)pentaphosphate and P1-(5'-adenosyl)P5-[5'-(3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine)] pentaphosphate have been solved to 2.0-A and 2.2-A resolution, respectively. The overall structure of the bacterial TmpK is very ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lavie A,Ostermann N,Brundiers R,Goody RS,Reinstein J,Konrad M,Schlichting I

更新日期：1998-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:All immunoglobulins and T-cell receptors throughout phylogeny share regions of highly conserved amino acid sequence. To identify possible primitive immunoglobulins and immunoglobulin-like molecules, we utilized 3' RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends) and a highly conserved constant region consensus amino acid seque...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Berstein RM,Schluter SF,Shen S,Marchalonis JJ

更新日期：1996-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Archaeochemistry as the application of the most recent analytical techniques to ancient samples now provides an unprecedented understanding of human culture throughout history. In this paper, we report on a multiplatform analytical investigation of 170-y-old champagne bottles found in a shipwreck at the bottom of the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jeandet P,Heinzmann SS,Roullier-Gall C,Cilindre C,Aron A,Deville MA,Moritz F,Karbowiak T,Demarville D,Brun C,Moreau F,Michalke B,Liger-Belair G,Witting M,Lucio M,Steyer D,Gougeon RD,Schmitt-Kopplin P

更新日期：2015-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Acquired resistance to androgen receptor (AR)-targeted therapies compels the development of novel treatment strategies for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Here, we report a profound effect of endostatin on prostate cancer cells by efficient intracellular trafficking, direct interaction with AR, reduction ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lee JH,Isayeva T,Larson MR,Sawant A,Cha HR,Chanda D,Chesnokov IN,Ponnazhagan S

更新日期：2015-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Before secretory vesicles undergo exocytosis, they must recruit the proteins syntaxin-1 and synaptosomal associated protein 25 (SNAP-25) in the plasma membrane. GFP-labeled versions of both proteins cluster at sites where secretory granules have docked. Single-particle tracking shows that minority populations of both ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Knowles MK,Barg S,Wan L,Midorikawa M,Chen X,Almers W

更新日期：2010-11-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Independent transgene insertions differ in expression based on their location in the genome; these position effects are of interest because they reflect the influence of genome organization on gene regulation. Position effects also represent potentially insurmountable obstacles to the rigorous functional comparison of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Siegal ML,Hartl DL

更新日期：1998-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Nature is rife with networks that are functionally optimized to propagate inputs to perform specific tasks. Whether via genetic evolution or dynamic adaptation, many networks create functionality by locally tuning interactions between nodes. Here we explore this behavior in two contexts: strain propagation in mechanic...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rocks JW,Ronellenfitsch H,Liu AJ,Nagel SR,Katifori E

更新日期：2019-02-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Helicobacter hepaticus-infected Rag2(-/-) mice emulate many aspects of human inflammatory bowel disease, including the development of colitis and colon cancer. To elucidate mechanisms of inflammation-induced carcinogenesis, we undertook a comprehensive analysis of histopathology, molecular damage, and gene expression ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mangerich A,Knutson CG,Parry NM,Muthupalani S,Ye W,Prestwich E,Cui L,McFaline JL,Mobley M,Ge Z,Taghizadeh K,Wishnok JS,Wogan GN,Fox JG,Tannenbaum SR,Dedon PC

更新日期：2012-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The evolutionary stability of cooperation is a problem of fundamental importance for the biological and social sciences. Different claims have been made about this issue: whereas Axelrod and Hamilton's [Axelrod, R. & Hamilton, W. (1981) Science 211, 1390-1398] widely recognized conclusion is that cooperative rules suc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bendor J,Swistak P

更新日期：1995-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Although heparin and low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH) have been widely used clinically as anticoagulants, their broader use has been limited by the lack of noninvasive delivery methods for this class of molecules. In this study, we demonstrate an efficient, rapid, and reproducible delivery system for heparin throu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Qi Y,Zhao G,Liu D,Shriver Z,Sundaram M,Sengupta S,Venkataraman G,Langer R,Sasisekharan R

更新日期：2004-06-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Experimental in vivo tumor models are essential for comprehending the dynamic process of human cancer progression, identifying therapeutic targets, and evaluating antitumor drugs. However, current rodent models are limited by high costs, long experimental duration, variability, restricted accessibility to the tumor, a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hagedorn M,Javerzat S,Gilges D,Meyre A,de Lafarge B,Eichmann A,Bikfalvi A

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cultured fibroblast cells derived from a skin biopsy sample taken from normal human adult were exposed to a potent carcinogen, 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide. Alterations of cell growth pattern such as higher density and piling up of cells were noticed in some fractions of cultures that were successively subcultured after n...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kakunaga T

更新日期：1978-03-01 00:00:00