Children's and Parents' Well-Being in Joint Physical Custody: A Literature Review.

Abstract:

:Joint physical custody (JPC), a parental care arrangement in which a child lives with each parent for at least 25-50% of the time after separation or divorce, is increasingly common in many Western societies. This is a major shift from the standard of sole physical custody, with mostly mothers providing primary childcare after a parental separation or divorce. The increasing share of separated or divorced parents who practice JPC, which in some countries, US states, and regions reaches 30% and more, results from increasing gender equality due to mothers participating considerably in the labor force and fathers being actively involved in their children's daily lives. This review focuses on the effects of JPC on children's and parents' well-being, based on 40 studies from North America, Australia, and Europe published between 2007 and 2018. In sum, there is empirical evidence from different countries that suggests that JPC arrangements can have positive effects on the well-being of children and of parents. However, the existing studies are conceptually, methodologically, and contextually very heterogeneous. In addition, self-selected highly educated parents with a high socio-economic status, a low conflict level, and children between the ages of 6-15 practicing JPC dominate the samples. Thus, the risks and benefits of JPC are not clear yet and are heavily debated by advocates and academics. The review concludes with suggestions for future research. :La tenencia compartida, un acuerdo entre los padres respecto del cuidado de los hijos por el cual un niño vive con cada padre al menos entre el 25 % y el 50 % del tiempo después de la separación o el divorcio, es cada vez más común en varias sociedades occidentales. Este es un cambio trascendental con respecto a la tradicional tenencia individual, donde principalmente las madres se encargan del cuidado primordial de los niños después del divorcio o la separación. La proporción cada vez mayor de padres separados o divorciados que ejercen la tenencia compartida, que en algunos países y en estados y regiones de Estados Unidos alcanza el 30 % o más, resulta de la creciente igualdad de género debido a que las madres participan considerablemente en el mercado laboral y a que los padres participan activamente en las vidas diarias de sus hijos. Este análisis se centra en los efectos que produce la tenencia compartida en el bienestar de los padres y de los niños basándose en 40 estudios de Norteamérica, Australia y Europa publicados entre 2007 y 2018. En resumen, existen datos empíricos de diferentes países que sugieren que los acuerdos de tenencia compartida pueden tener efectos positivos en el bienestar de los niños y de los padres. Sin embargo, los estudios existentes son muy heterogéneos conceptualmente, metodológicamente y contextualmente. Además, entre las muestras de padres que ejercen la tenencia compartida predominan los autoseleccionados, con un alto nivel de educación, un alto nivel socioeconómico, un bajo nivel de conflicto e hijos de entre seis y quince años. Por lo tanto, los riesgos y los beneficios de la tenencia compartida no son claros todavía y los abogados y académicos los debaten intensamente. El análisis concluye con sugerencias para futuras investigaciones. :共同身体监护(JPC)是指在分居或离异后孩子和每个家长在一起不少于25%到50%的时间,这种亲职照顾安排在西方社会中日益普遍。这是和大部分情况下在分居或离异后由母亲提供主要儿童照料的标准单独监护不同的一项重要转变。在一些国家中(例如美国)父母双方参与JPC是由母亲参与工作和父亲积极参与到孩子日常生活产生的性别平等的产物。本文重点回顾从2007到2018年在北美,澳大利亚以及欧洲进行的40多项研究中JPC对于儿童和家长健康的影响。从不同国家中得到的实证证据表明JPC对于儿童和家长健康有积极效果。然而,现有研究在理念,方法以及背景方面各式各样。此外,研究样本大部分由自我选择的受过高等教育,社会经济地位较高,冲突水平低的家长以及年龄在6到15的孩子组成。因此,JPC的风险和好处并不清晰,并且在提倡者和学者中间非常有争议。本文结尾提出了未来研究建议。.

journal_name

Fam Process

journal_title

Family process

authors

Steinbach A

doi

10.1111/famp.12372

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-06-01 00:00:00

pages

353-369

issue

2

eissn

0014-7370

issn

1545-5300

journal_volume

58

pub_type

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