Abstract：
:Although most birds encounter large pressure variations during flight, motion of the middle ear components as a result of changing ambient pressure are not well known or described. In the present study, motion of the columella footplate and tympanic membrane (extrastapedius) in domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) under quasi-static pressure conditions are provided. Micro-CT scans were made of cadaveric heads of chickens under positive (0.25 kPa, 0.5 kPa, 1 kPa, and 1.5 kPa) and negative (-0.25 kPa, -0.5 kPa, -1 kPa, and -1.5 kPa) middle ear pressure. Both extrastapedius and columella footplate displacements show a non-linear S-shaped curve as a function of pressure indicating non-linear response characteristics of the middle ear components. The S-curve is also seen in mammals, but unlike in mammals, the lateral piston-like displacement of both the columella footplate and extrastapedius, which is caused by an increased middle ear pressure are smaller than the medial piston-like displacements, caused by a decreased middle ear pressure of the same magnitude. Columella footplate piston displacements are always smaller than the extrastapedius piston displacements, indicating the flexibility of the extracolumella. The cone-shape of the avian tympanic membrane with inverted apex in comparison to the mammalian tympanic membrane can cause the inverted shape of the pressure response curve.
journal_name
Hear Resjournal_title
Hearing researchauthors
Claes R,Muyshondt PGG,Van Assche F,Van Hoorebeke L,Aerts P,Dirckx JJJdoi
10.1016/j.heares.2018.05.012subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-08-01 00:00:00pages
141-148eissn
0378-5955issn
1878-5891pii
S0378-5955(18)30047-9journal_volume
365pub_type
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