Left lung hypoplasia with a right tuberculous pleural effusion after childbirth: A case report.

Abstract:

RATIONALE:Unilateral hypoplasia of the lung is a rare congenital condition, the mechanism of which is poorly understood. Primary pulmonary hypoplasia occurring in an adult is extremely rare and we present what is probably the first case of a link to a tuberculous pleural effusion in a young woman after childbirth. PATIENT CONCERNS:Herein, we describe a 31-year-old woman with left lung hypoplasia, and she not only survived to adulthood without problems, but was able to deliver a baby in natural labor. DIAGNOSES:Left lung hypoplasia, right tuberculous pleural effusion. INTERVENTIONS:We initiated an anti-tuberculosis treatment for this patient with dose adjustments to her weight of isoniazid (0.3 g/day), rifampicin (0.45 g/day), pyrazinamide (1.5 g/day), and ethambutol (0.75 g/day) for 2 months then isoniazid and rifampicin for another 4 months. OUTCOMES:Ten days later after beginning therapy, she became afebrile and the pleural effusion resolved. No recurrence was observed during a 6-month follow-up period. LESSONS:In clinical practice, if one sees a chest x-ray revealing complete or incomplete opacification of a hemithorax with volume loss and history of repeated respiratory infections, one should consider the possibility of unilateral pulmonary hypoplasia. In such cases, regular close follow-up is important to minimize infections and to prevent development of cor pulmonale or respiratory failure.

journal_name

Medicine (Baltimore)

journal_title

Medicine

authors

Lin S,Guan W,LaZhou C,Shi Y

doi

10.1097/MD.0000000000010868

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-05-01 00:00:00

pages

e10868

issue

21

eissn

0025-7974

issn

1536-5964

pii

00005792-201805250-00066

journal_volume

97

pub_type

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